American Wirehair

The Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF)

Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe)

The International Cat Association (TICA)

Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA)

Denmark's Katteklubben

The American Wirehair is a rare, medium‑built cat known for its natural mutation: a springy, crimped coat and whiskers that need gentle grooming. Calm, people oriented, moderately playful, and usually quiet, it suits families or first‑time owners and adapts well to indoor life.

## Quick Facts

- Medium sized, semi longhaired blue cat with a shimmering silver coat and striking green eyes  
- Known for being loyal to “their” people while remaining reserved with strangers  
- Intelligent, gentle breed that thrives in calm, predictable households  
- Low shedding for a semi longhaired cat, with a soft, silky coat that rarely mats  
- Often described as a “velcro cat” at home, quietly following their favourite person from room to room  

## Appearance & Coat

The Nebelung is a graceful, medium sized cat with a balanced, elegant outline. They are not as solid or chunky as many shorthair breeds, yet they are not fragile either. Instead, they have a refined, slightly foreign look, similar to a Russian Blue with added length of coat. Their body tends to be long and lithe, with fine but firm bones and well developed muscles. When you pick up a Nebelung for the first time, many people are surprised by how substantial they feel compared with their delicate appearance.

The head is moderate and slightly wedge shaped, with a straight nose and a gentle, sweet expression. Large, pointed ears sit high on the head and are often sparsely furnished inside, which helps highlight their shape. One of the most striking features of the Nebelung is the eye colour. Kittens usually start with yellowish or amber eyes that gradually shift to green as they mature. A rich, vivid green is the ideal and it can look especially dramatic against the blue coat.

The coat itself is one of the breed’s main attractions. The Nebelung has a semi long, silky double coat that feels soft and fine to the touch. The hair lies close to the body and moves fluidly as the cat walks or jumps. There is usually a nice ruff around the neck, more pronounced in males, and a full, plumed tail. The coat is blue all over, but each hair is tipped with silver, which gives the whole cat a misty, shimmering appearance under natural light. This silver tipping is part of what makes the breed look so ethereal and is the origin of the name “Nebelung,” often interpreted as “creature of the mist.”

In terms of colours and patterns, the Nebelung is very specific. Recognised Nebelungs come only in blue, without tabby markings, white patches, or other colours. The nose leather and paw pads are typically a slate or lavender colour that complements the coat. This consistency in colour is important for breeders, who work carefully to preserve the unique look of the breed.

Coat care is generally straightforward despite the length. The fur is less prone to matting than many other longhaired breeds, which makes the Nebelung a good choice for owners who love long coats but have limited time. A good grooming routine usually includes:

- Brushing once or twice a week with a soft slicker or metal comb  
- More frequent brushing during seasonal shedding in spring and autumn  
- Checking behind the ears, under the legs, and around the trousers for any small tangles  

Baths are rarely necessary unless your Nebelung gets into something messy, but regular brushing will keep the coat clean, shiny, and comfortable. It also helps reduce loose hair in the home. Many Nebelungs enjoy the attention of grooming if you introduce it gently from kittenhood, turning it into a quiet bonding ritual rather than a chore.

## Temperament & Personality

The Nebelung is often described as a quiet, gentle soul who forms very strong bonds with their chosen people. They tend to be affectionate and loyal without being overly demanding. Many owners say that their Nebelung follows them from room to room, calmly settling nearby, almost like a soft shadow. They enjoy being close, but they are usually not as insistent on being held as some more extroverted breeds. Instead, they prefer to choose the moment and the position for cuddles, often curling beside you on the sofa or at the foot of the bed.

In daily life, Nebelungs are calm, observant, and quite sensitive to the mood of the household. In a busy, noisy environment, they may withdraw and find a peaceful corner to watch from a distance. In a quiet home, they relax and show more of their playful, silly side. They enjoy regular routines and can find sudden changes stressful. This is one reason they tend to thrive in stable households where people keep a relatively predictable schedule.

With families, Nebelungs generally do well, provided that children are old enough to understand how to treat a cat gently. They are patient but not fans of rough handling or constant chasing. If children learn to approach slowly, respect the cat’s boundaries, and interact using toys instead of grabbing, the Nebelung can become a very devoted companion. Many will choose one or two family members as favourites and spend most of their time near them while still being polite with others.

Regarding other pets, Nebelungs are often tolerant and adaptable if introductions are handled with care. They may be shy at first and prefer to observe new animals from a safe distance. Over time, they can develop excellent friendships with calm, respectful cats and dogs. Lively or very dominant pets can be overwhelming, especially for a sensitive Nebelung that has not been socialised to that kind of energy. Slow, controlled introductions with plenty of escape routes and high resting spots help a lot.

One common challenge with this breed is shyness around strangers. Many Nebelungs are naturally wary of unknown people. Instead of greeting guests at the door, they may slip under a bed or perch on top of a wardrobe until they feel safe again. This does not mean they are unfriendly, simply that they choose their social circle carefully. With regular visitors, patience, and gentle interaction, some Nebelungs become more relaxed and may eventually come to investigate.

They are also intelligent and perceptive. Boredom can lead to quiet mischief, such as opening cupboards or exploring forbidden shelves. Providing puzzle feeders, regular interactive play sessions, and interesting window views helps channel their mental energy in positive ways. Overall, the Nebelung personality suits owners who appreciate a thoughtful, devoted companion more than a constant entertainer. They give their hearts deeply, but only to those who earn their trust.

## Training & Exercise

The Nebelung is not a hyperactive breed, but they are far from lazy. They have a moderate energy level combined with a sharp intellect, which means they benefit greatly from both physical exercise and mental stimulation. You will usually find a comfortable rhythm of short play sessions and long, peaceful naps during the day. They enjoy predictable routines in this area as well, so try to schedule regular play times in the morning and evening, when most cats are naturally more active.

Playtime for a Nebelung should mimic hunting behaviours. They like toys that move in ways that resemble prey, such as feather wands, fishing rod style toys, or small soft balls that can be batted and chased. Many Nebelungs love a good game of “chase the feather” around furniture or under low tables. They often prefer fast, focused bursts of activity rather than very long sessions. Ending each play session with a small treat or a meal can be satisfying for them, as it completes the “hunt, catch, eat” cycle that cats naturally enjoy.

In terms of training, the Nebelung’s intelligence and people focus give them real potential. They can learn:

- To come when called using a consistent cue and rewards  
- To use scratching posts instead of furniture  
- Simple tricks like sit, high five, or jump through a hoop  
- To walk on a harness and lead for safe outdoor exploration  

Positive reinforcement works best. Use small treats, gentle praise, and play as rewards. Harsh tones or punishment can damage the trust of this sensitive breed and make them more anxious. If you are calm, consistent, and patient, most Nebelungs respond surprisingly well. Many owners report that their cats learn household rules quickly, such as staying off kitchen counters or not rushing through doors, especially if there is a clear routine and fair boundaries.

Environmental enrichment is a key part of exercise for this breed. Vertical space is particularly valuable. Tall cat trees, window shelves, and sturdy bookcases become perfect vantage points where a Nebelung can jump, climb, and survey their territory. These elevated spots not only provide exercise but also a sense of safety, which is important for a somewhat reserved cat.

For indoor only Nebelungs, consider:

- Puzzle feeders to turn mealtimes into brain games  
- Rotating toys so that “old” toys become exciting again after a break  
- A bird feeder outside a secure window or balcony to create a natural “Cat TV”  

Many Nebelungs also enjoy harness training if introduced slowly and positively. Once comfortable, they may appreciate quiet garden walks or exploring a secure yard. This can be an excellent way to provide extra stimulation without the risks of free roaming. Always make sure the harness fits well and that the environment is calm, since loud traffic or busy areas can be frightening for a sensitive cat.

Overall, the training and exercise needs of a Nebelung are reasonable compared with high energy breeds, but they still require daily effort. A bored Nebelung is likely to become withdrawn or quietly destructive, while a well stimulated Nebelung will reward you with affectionate company and a calm, happy presence.

## Health

The Nebelung is generally considered a healthy and sturdy breed with a good lifespan. Many live well into their mid to late teens when given proper care, a balanced diet, and regular veterinary attention. Because the breed is relatively rare and developed with careful selection, there are fewer documented breed specific health problems compared with some more established breeds. However, all cats, including Nebelungs, are vulnerable to certain common feline conditions, and responsible breeders work hard to minimise risks.

Potential health issues to be aware of include:

- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a form of heart disease that can affect many cat breeds  
- Dental disease, including gingivitis and periodontal issues if teeth are not cleaned or monitored  
- Obesity, which can lead to diabetes, joint strain, and reduced overall quality of life  

Some Nebelung breeding lines share ancestry with Russian Blues, so reputable breeders often follow similar health testing guidelines. While there is no single test that “covers” the breed, a good breeder usually:

- Arranges regular veterinary checkups for breeding cats  
- Screens for heart issues, often by having a veterinary cardiologist perform echocardiograms  
- Monitors for hereditary problems within their lines and avoids breeding from affected animals  

As a future owner, you can support your Nebelung’s health by choosing a responsible breeder who is willing to discuss the health of parents and grandparents, provide veterinary records, and explain how they select cats for breeding. If you adopt from a rescue, ask for as much medical history as they have, then schedule an early vet visit to establish a baseline and plan vaccinations and parasite protection.

Day to day care has a big impact on long term health. Some important points include:

- Diet: A high quality, complete cat food (wet, dry, or a combination) that suits your cat’s age and activity level. Many Nebelungs do well with a mixed wet and dry diet to support hydration and dental health.  
- Weight management: Because they have a long, graceful frame, extra weight can put strain on joints and reduce mobility. Regular weigh ins at home or at the vet help catch changes early.  
- Dental care: Introduce tooth brushing gently if possible, or use dental treats and vet recommended products to slow plaque build up. Annual dental checks are very important.  
- Vaccinations and parasite control: Keep up to date with booster shots and appropriate treatments for fleas, ticks, and worms, especially if your cat has any outdoor exposure.  

Spaying or neutering is strongly recommended for pet Nebelungs unless you are an experienced breeder following a structured breeding plan. Neutered cats tend to have fewer behavioural problems such as roaming and spraying, and females avoid the risks associated with repeated heats and unwanted pregnancies.

Average lifespan is often between 13 and 17 years, with some individuals living longer. As your Nebelung ages, they may become even more attached to familiar routines and places. Senior health checks every 6 to 12 months help detect age related issues like kidney disease or arthritis early. With timely intervention and thoughtful care, many older Nebelungs continue to enjoy a comfortable, affectionate life alongside their families.

## History & Origins

The Nebelung is a relatively young and carefully developed breed with roots in both the United States and Europe. Although they might look like an “old” breed because of their resemblance to traditional Russian Blue type cats, the Nebelung as we know it today only began to emerge in the 1980s. The story starts in the United States with a pair of domestic cats that happened to produce unusually beautiful longhaired blue kittens.

A breeder in Colorado fell in love with these striking kittens, especially their soft, misty coats and gentle personalities. She decided to create a new breed that captured this look and temperament. The name “Nebelung” is often explained as coming from a German word related to “mist” or “fog,” a poetic reference to the shimmering blue coat with its silver tipping, which can appear as if wrapped in a fine mist.

To establish a consistent type, breeders looked closely at the Russian Blue, a well known shorthaired blue breed with similar eye colour, body shape, and overall elegance. Carefully planned matings, along with guidance from cat associations, helped fix the semi longhaired coat and maintain the refined structure and sweet nature. Over time, breed standards were written and refined, and official recognition began to follow in several cat fancier organisations.

The Nebelung remained rare, especially outside North America and parts of Europe, but slowly gathered a devoted following. Breeders in different countries worked together to maintain a healthy gene pool while preserving the distinct features of the breed: the medium size, semi long blue coat, vivid green eyes, and gentle, slightly reserved temperament. With careful selection, they avoided introducing too many colours or patterns, choosing instead to keep the focus on the iconic blue coat.

Today, the Nebelung is found in various cat registries and appears at cat shows, although still much less frequently than many popular breeds. At shows, Nebelungs tend to attract attention for their calm presence and luminous coats. They are not typically flashy or boisterous; rather, they exude a quiet, dignified charm.

In modern life, Nebelungs are kept almost exclusively as companion cats rather than working animals. Their role is to be a loving family member, bringing calm and beauty into the home. Their quiet nature and loyalty make them well suited to indoor living, especially with owners who enjoy a peaceful atmosphere and close bonds with their pets. As awareness of the breed grows, more people are discovering that behind the misty blue coat lies an affectionate, thoughtful cat who can become a once in a lifetime companion.

## Living with the Breed

Sharing your home with a Nebelung is a rewarding experience, but it does require a certain level of commitment and understanding. This is not typically a cat that will be happy in a loud, chaotic household or left alone for very long periods without company or stimulation. If you appreciate a calm, slightly introverted companion who loves routine and quiet affection, the Nebelung may be a perfect match.

On a daily basis, expect your Nebelung to be present, but in a gentle way. They may greet you at the door with a soft chirp, then walk alongside you as you move around the house. Many like to supervise household tasks from a nearby chair or follow you to bed at night, settling where they can see and hear you. They rarely enjoy rough play or being passed from person to person, so respect their need to retreat to a safe spot now and then.

New owners should plan for:

- Regular grooming sessions once or twice a week  
- Daily interactive play, even if only 10 to 20 minutes at a time  
- Consistent feeding and bedtime routines  
- A quiet place the cat can claim as their own, such as a cosy bed in a low traffic room  

The financial commitment is similar to that of other purebred cats. Initial costs include the purchase price, vaccinations, microchipping, neutering if not already done, and essential equipment. Annual costs typically involve quality food, litter, routine vet checks, vaccinations, insurance if you choose it, and replacement of toys and scratching posts. As a very rough guide, many owners find that after the first year, ongoing yearly costs for a well cared for indoor Nebelung can range from moderate to fairly high, depending on local prices and the level of veterinary care and insurance chosen.

Useful equipment for living comfortably with a Nebelung includes:

- A tall, sturdy cat tree with several platforms and hiding spots  
- Multiple scratching surfaces, both vertical posts and horizontal boards  
- A comfortable, supportive bed placed somewhere they feel secure  
- A selection of toys that can be rotated, including wand toys, small balls, and puzzle feeders  
- Covered litter boxes or open trays with high sides, kept scrupulously clean  

Because Nebelungs are sensitive, they benefit from a stable environment. If you have frequent visitors, parties, or major changes, try to create a “safe room” where the cat can retreat when life gets too hectic. Placing their litter box, food, water, bed, and some hiding places in one quiet room ensures they always have a refuge. This can also be helpful when introducing new pets or rearranging furniture, as it reduces stress.

If you work long hours, consider whether you can provide enough contact and stimulation. Some Nebelungs are content with a single person who is out during the day, especially if the home is peaceful and enriched with interesting views and toys. Others may benefit from a second cat for company, ideally another gentle, compatible personality. Careful introductions and patience are essential if you choose this path.

In return for your investment of time, care, and resources, a Nebelung offers deep companionship. They may not be the cat that entertains your entire dinner party, but they are often the one who quietly chooses your lap when everyone has gone home. Living with a Nebelung feels a bit like sharing your home with an elegant, thoughtful friend who appreciates routine, kindness, and quiet shared moments. For many people, that is exactly what they are looking for in a feline companion.

Nebelung

The Norwegian Association of Pedigree Cats (NRR)

Royal Canin (UK) - Nebelung Breed Overview

The Nebelung is a medium, semi‑longhaired blue cat with a silky, silver‑tipped coat and vivid green eyes. Calm, loyal and sensitive, it bonds closely with chosen people, prefers quiet homes, sheds little for its coat length, and enjoys gentle play, routine and thoughtful handling.

American Wirehair vs Nebelung

Characteristics

Summary

Similar breeds