## Quick Facts

- Distinctive blue coat that changes color as the dog matures  
- Originally bred in Ireland as an all‑purpose farm and hunting dog  
- Lively, intelligent terrier that thrives on close contact with its family  
- Low‑shedding, curly coat that requires regular grooming to avoid matting  
- Bold, spirited character that combines clown‑like charm with serious determination  


## Appearance & Coat

The Kerry Blue Terrier is a medium‑sized, strongly built terrier with a proud, almost aristocratic outline. At first glance you notice the elegant head, the distinctive beard and furnishings, and of course the famous blue coat. Adult males usually stand around 45 to 49 cm at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. The body is compact and muscular, with a straight back and a deep chest that hints at the breed’s working background. Despite the sturdy build, a good Kerry should never look heavy or clumsy. The overall impression is of a balanced, athletic dog that could work all day in the fields.

The head is long and clean, without exaggeration. A neatly trimmed beard and eyebrows give the Kerry Blue its expressive look, somewhere between serious thinker and mischievous comedian. Dark, oval eyes are set fairly close together and should look keen and intelligent, never harsh. The ears fold forward in a V shape, adding to the terrier expression. The tail is usually carried high and straight, giving a lively, alert appearance.

The coat is one of the breed’s most famous features. Puppies are usually born black or very dark, and the blue color develops gradually over the first few years of life. Many Kerries pass through “in between” shades such as steel grey, slate, or a mix of blue and black before settling into their adult color. The ideal coat is soft, dense, and wavy, not harsh or wiry. It should form gentle curls rather than tight ringlets.

The Kerry Blue Terrier has a single coat with very little shedding, which can be a benefit for people who dislike dog hair around the home. However, this low‑shedding coat comes with a commitment to regular grooming. Without attention, the soft hair will mat and tangle, especially behind the ears, under the collar, in the beard, and between the legs.

For practical coat care:

- Brush or comb thoroughly at least two to three times a week, working right down to the skin to remove tangles. A pin brush and a metal comb are very useful.  
- Check common trouble spots such as armpits, groin, beard, and behind the ears where small mats can form quickly.  
- Bathe your Kerry Blue Terrier every four to six weeks, or as needed, using a mild dog shampoo that does not strip the coat. Thorough rinsing and drying help keep the coat healthy.  
- Professional trimming or clipping is usually required about every six to eight weeks to maintain the typical terrier silhouette. Many owners learn to trim at home with guidance from breeders or grooming clubs.  

The beard and moustache need special care, as food and water can quickly make them messy. Wiping the beard after meals and checking for trapped debris will keep your Kerry more comfortable and prevent unpleasant odors. With consistent grooming, the coat feels soft and luxurious and becomes one of the greatest pleasures of living with this unique terrier.


## Temperament & Personality

The Kerry Blue Terrier is a dog with a big personality, often described as “a terrier with a sense of humor.” Intelligent, lively, and full of character, this is not a dull or passive breed. Kerries tend to bond very closely to their families. They enjoy being involved in everything that happens at home, whether it is gardening, watching television, or going for a drive. Many owners report that their Kerry follows them from room to room, always ready to join in or offer “help” in its own enthusiastic way.

With people, the Kerry Blue Terrier is usually affectionate and devoted. A well‑raised Kerry is typically good with children, particularly those who are respectful and understand how to behave around dogs. The breed enjoys play and can be a tireless companion for active youngsters who like to throw balls, learn tricks, or practice dog sports. Supervision is important with smaller children, both to protect the child from accidental knocks and to make sure the dog is treated gently. Like most terriers, Kerries do not appreciate rough handling and may object if teased or pulled.

The Kerry Blue is known for its confident and sometimes bold nature. This can be very appealing, because it gives the dog plenty of charm and presence, but it also means clear rules are important from an early age. Many Kerries are naturally watchful and will bark to alert their family to visitors or unusual sounds. While they are not typically aggressive guard dogs, they can be protective of their home and people if they feel there is a threat.

With other dogs, especially of the same sex, Kerry Blue Terriers can be assertive. The breed was developed in part for hunting and vermin control, so a degree of dog‑to‑dog and prey drive is not surprising. Proper socialization from puppyhood, involving controlled, positive meetings with friendly dogs, helps a great deal. However, some adult Kerries may still prefer not to share space with unfamiliar dogs, and they often do best with confident, experienced owners who can manage interactions calmly. Living with another dog in the same household is very possible, particularly if introductions are done early and personalities are well matched.

When it comes to other pets, such as cats or small animals, the Kerry’s hunting background needs to be taken seriously. Some individuals can live peacefully with a resident cat if raised together and supervised, but many still have a strong chase instinct outdoors. Very small pets like rabbits or rodents are usually best kept safely separate.

The breed’s intelligence and energy can lead to mischief if the dog is bored. A lonely Kerry with little mental stimulation may bark, dig, or invent its own entertainments that do not fit well with human expectations. On the positive side, this same cleverness means the Kerry Blue Terrier often excels in training, problem solving, and interactive games. In the right environment, with structure, affection, and enough activity, the Kerry is a joyful, loyal, and very entertaining companion.


## Training & Exercise

The Kerry Blue Terrier is a bright, capable breed that learns quickly and enjoys having a job to do. At the same time, it has a typical terrier streak of independence and may question why a particular exercise is necessary. This combination means training should be consistent, engaging, and never heavy handed. Positive reinforcement works best, using rewards such as food treats, toys, praise, and play. Kerries respond well to trainers who are calm, confident, and fair.

Early socialization is essential. From a young age, expose your Kerry puppy to a variety of sights, sounds, surfaces, and people. Well managed puppy classes can help build confidence and manners. Focus on:

- Reliable recall, so you can call your Kerry back even when interesting distractions appear.  
- Calm greeting behavior, both with people and other dogs.  
- Basic obedience such as sit, down, stay, and walking on a loose lead.  

Because the Kerry Blue Terrier is energetic and often quite agile, it tends to enjoy dog sports. Many individuals excel in agility, obedience, rally, scent work, or tracking. Short, varied training sessions are usually more successful than long, repetitive drills. If an exercise feels pointless, a Kerry may simply stop cooperating. Turning training into a shared game makes the dog an eager partner rather than a reluctant participant.

In terms of exercise, the Kerry Blue is not a hyperactive breed, but it is certainly not a couch potato. Most adults need at least one to two hours of physical and mental activity each day. This does not have to be in one block. A typical day might include a brisk morning walk, a shorter evening walk, and several play or training sessions scattered throughout the day. Off lead running in safe, enclosed areas is very beneficial, as it allows the dog to stretch out and burn energy.

Activities many Kerries enjoy include:

- Fetch games, especially with balls or soft toys  
- Tug games with clear rules, such as “take it” and “drop”  
- Scent games in the garden, where treats or toys are hidden for the dog to find  
- Structured training sessions that mix obedience, tricks, and problem solving  

Because of their strong prey drive and sometimes selective hearing, many Kerry Blue Terriers should not be allowed off lead near roads or in open areas without reliable recall. A long training line can provide more freedom while you build trust and responsiveness.

Mental exercise is just as important as physical. Puzzle toys, food dispensing toys, and simple household challenges like “find it” searches can tire a Kerry mentally and reduce unwanted behavior. When their minds are engaged, Kerries are generally calmer and happier indoors.

Owners who are willing to train kindly but firmly, provide regular exercise, and share time and attention will find the Kerry Blue Terrier a very rewarding partner. Those who prefer a dog that simply lies quietly for most of the day may find this breed a little too much, as it truly comes alive when given opportunities to learn and move.


## Health

The Kerry Blue Terrier is generally a robust and long‑lived breed, but like all dogs it has some health issues that responsible owners and breeders should be aware of. With good care, many Kerries live into their early to mid teens, often remaining active well into old age.

Some health concerns that can appear in the breed include:

- Hip dysplasia, a developmental condition of the hip joint that can lead to arthritis and mobility problems later in life  
- Eye conditions such as entropion, cataracts, or other inherited eye diseases  
- Certain skin problems, which can be linked to allergies or infections  
- Benign skin growths and lumps in older dogs, which should always be checked by a vet  

Good breeders usually carry out recommended health testing before breeding their dogs. While the exact schemes vary by country, typical tests may include:

- Hip scoring or evaluation, to reduce the risk of hip dysplasia in offspring  
- Eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist, repeated regularly to monitor for hereditary issues  
- In some regions, additional genetic tests that become available as research develops  

Prospective puppy buyers should feel comfortable asking breeders about:

- What health tests have been carried out on the parents  
- The results of those tests  
- The typical lifespan and health history of relatives such as grandparents and siblings  

Routine veterinary care plays a big role in keeping a Kerry Blue Terrier healthy. This includes:

- Regular vaccinations and parasite control (fleas, ticks, worms)  
- Dental care, such as tooth brushing or dental chews, to prevent gum disease  
- Weight management to avoid obesity, which can worsen joint and heart problems  

The Kerry’s dense, soft coat can sometimes hide minor skin issues, so owners should make a habit of checking the skin during grooming sessions. Look for redness, hot spots, excessive scratching, or unusual odors, particularly in warm, damp areas like armpits, groin, and between the toes. Early treatment of skin problems is usually easier and more effective.

Like many medium breeds, Kerries can be prone to ear infections if the ears are not kept clean and dry. Regular inspection, gentle cleaning with a vet‑recommended solution, and careful drying after baths or swimming can help prevent trouble.

As Kerries age, they may show typical signs of senior dogs, such as stiffness after rest, reduced hearing, or changes in vision. Adjusting exercise levels, providing comfortable bedding, and offering ramps or steps to help them get into cars or onto favorite sofas can make a big difference to their quality of life. Most Kerries adapt well to the slower pace of old age as long as they are still included in family activities and given mental stimulation.

Overall, choosing a well bred puppy from health tested parents, keeping up with veterinary care, feeding a high quality diet, and maintaining a sensible weight are the best tools an owner has to support a long, healthy life for a Kerry Blue Terrier.


## History & Origins

The Kerry Blue Terrier comes from Ireland, where it has been valued for centuries as a versatile working dog. As the name suggests, the breed is closely associated with County Kerry in the south west of the country, a region known for its rugged landscape and strong farming traditions. While exact origins are difficult to prove, the Kerry Blue likely developed from local terrier types, possibly mixed with other breeds that arrived through trade and travel along the Irish coast.

Historically, the Kerry Blue Terrier was an all round farm dog. It was expected to tackle many tasks, including controlling rats and other vermin in barns, helping to hunt foxes and badgers, and even retrieving from water. There are stories of Kerries working as herding dogs for sheep and cattle, using a mix of determination and intelligence rather than sheer size. This background explains why the modern Kerry combines agility, courage, and a strong prey drive with a good deal of problem solving ability.

By the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Kerry Blue Terrier began to appear more often in dog shows and breeding programs. Irish patriots at the time saw the breed as a symbol of national identity, and it quickly gained popularity beyond its home region. Carefully planned breeding focused not only on working qualities but also on improving the distinctive blue coat and refining the terrier outline that we recognize today.

The blue color itself is a striking feature that helped set the Kerry apart from other terriers. While many puppies start life black, experienced breeders knew that the right lines would gradually “clear” to blue or slate tones with age. This process of color change remains a characteristic of the breed and can fascinate new owners as they watch their puppy’s coat transform.

As dog showing grew in popularity across Europe and later around the world, the Kerry Blue Terrier spread to Britain, the rest of Europe, and North America. Breed clubs were formed to protect and promote the Kerry, and official standards were drawn up that described the ideal appearance and temperament.

Today, the Kerry Blue Terrier is less commonly used as a multipurpose farm dog, but its working instincts remain. Modern Kerries are often seen in:

- Conformation shows, where their distinctive looks and movement are judged  
- Dog sports such as agility, obedience, and rally  
- Activities that use their natural scenting ability, including tracking and scent work  

Most importantly, the Kerry Blue Terrier has become a cherished companion and family dog. While numbers are not as high as some more fashionable breeds, a devoted group of breeders and owners around the world continue to safeguard its health, working traits, and spirited character. For those who appreciate a dog with deep roots, strong personality, and proud Irish heritage, the Kerry Blue Terrier remains a very special choice.


## Living with the Breed

Living with a Kerry Blue Terrier is both rewarding and demanding. This is a breed that wants to be part of your life, not just a dog you see briefly on walks. Before bringing a Kerry into your home, it is important to understand the level of commitment involved.

First, consider time. Kerries thrive on daily interaction. They need regular walks, playtime, and mental stimulation, as well as grooming sessions every week. A typical Kerry owner will spend:

- At least one to two hours each day on walks, training, and active engagement  
- Additional time each week brushing, combing, and trimming the coat or visiting a professional groomer  

If you are away from home for long stretches and cannot arrange dog walkers, day care, or family support, a Kerry Blue Terrier may become frustrated or bored. This can lead to barking, chewing, or digging. These behaviors are not signs of a “bad” dog, but rather a dog whose needs are not being fully met.

Financially, owning a Kerry Blue Terrier involves normal dog costs such as food, vaccinations, and vet checks, along with higher grooming expenses compared to many short coated breeds. Annual costs can vary widely between countries, but you should budget for:

- Quality dog food suitable for a medium, active breed  
- Routine veterinary care, vaccinations, and parasite control  
- Pet insurance or a savings plan for unexpected health issues  
- Regular professional grooming if you do not trim the coat yourself  

Useful equipment for a Kerry household includes:

- A sturdy, comfortable collar and well fitting harness  
- A strong lead of suitable length, and possibly a long training line for recall work  
- A crate or safe resting area where the dog can relax undisturbed  
- Several chew toys and interactive toys to keep the mind occupied  
- Grooming tools such as a pin brush, slicker brush, metal comb, nail clippers, and ear cleaning solution  

Kerries generally adapt well to different living environments as long as their exercise needs are met. They can live happily in a house with a garden or in an apartment with good access to outdoor spaces. A secure, fenced garden is extremely helpful, as it allows free play and safe exploration. Fencing must be solid and high enough, since a determined Kerry can be quite inventive about finding escapes.

Inside the home, Kerries like to be where the family is. Many enjoy curling up on the sofa or lying at their owner’s feet. They are not typically outdoor kennel dogs and do not do well if isolated in the yard for long periods. Early training about household rules is important, whether that means teaching the dog which furniture is allowed or where its bed is located.

When considering other pets, it is wise to plan carefully. Some Kerries live peacefully with a resident dog or cat, especially if introduced correctly and supervised. Others prefer to be the only dog. Honest discussion with breeders, who know their lines and individual puppies, can help match the right personality to your household.

For families with children, teaching both the dog and the children appropriate behavior is crucial. Kerries enjoy lively play but should be able to retreat to a quiet safe space when they need a break. Children should learn not to disturb the dog while it is eating or resting, and rough games like pulling the beard or climbing on the dog should be avoided.

If you enjoy training, outdoor activities, and spending real time with your dog, living with a Kerry Blue Terrier can bring enormous joy. You will have a loyal, entertaining companion that makes you laugh, keeps you moving, and shares your daily life with enthusiasm. If you prefer a low maintenance, very easygoing dog, another breed might suit you better. For the right owner, however, the Kerry’s bold spirit and affectionate heart make it a truly unforgettable partner.

Kerry Blue Terrier

The United Kingdom Kerry Blue Terrier Association

The Kennel Club (UK) - Kerry Blue Terrier

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) - Kerry Blue Terrier

Dansk Terrier Klub (Denmark)

Svenska Terrierklubben (Sweden)

Medium, athletic Irish terrier with a proud outline and curly blue coat that matures from black. Lively, intelligent, and strongly bonded to family, it needs daily mental and physical exercise. Low‑shedding but high‑grooming, with bold, watchful, sometimes dog‑assertive temperament.

## Quick Facts

- Tiny in size but big in attitude, the Pomeranian is a classic “small dog with a large personality” that fills a home with energy and presence.  
- Their fluffy double coat is one of the most recognizable in the dog world and comes in a wide range of colors, from orange and cream to black, blue, chocolate, sable and many combinations.  
- Very people focused and alert, Pomeranians are often excellent little watchdogs who will quickly tell you if something changes around the home.  
- Intelligent and quick to learn, they thrive on mental stimulation and short, fun training sessions rather than long, repetitive exercises.  
- Despite their toy size, they are active and agile, but their exercise needs can usually be met with daily walks, play and indoor games, which suits many city and apartment lifestyles.  


## Appearance & Coat

The Pomeranian is the smallest variety of the Spitz family. At first glance, most people notice the fox‑like expression, the alert, dark eyes and the proud way they carry themselves. Adult dogs are compact, with a short back, a deep chest for their size and a level topline. The tail is one of their trademarks. It is set high and lies flat over the back, richly covered with long, flowing hair that gives a rounded silhouette.

In terms of size, many Pomeranians weigh between 2 and 3.5 kilograms, with a height around 20 to 24 centimeters at the shoulder. They should feel surprisingly solid when you lift them, not fragile or overly fine‑boned. A well‑built Pom looks balanced from all angles, with straight legs and enough substance to move soundly and confidently.

The coat is a true double coat. The undercoat is soft, thick and woolly, providing insulation. The outer coat is longer, harsher and stands out from the body, which gives that famous “powder puff” or ball‑like outline. Around the neck and chest the hair forms a ruff or mane, which is more prominent in males. The hindquarters often show distinct “pants” of longer hair.

Colors are remarkably varied. Common shades include:

- Orange in many tones  
- Cream, white or cream sable  
- Black, brown, chocolate, blue  
- Black and tan, blue and tan, chocolate and tan  
- Parti‑colors with white and patches of another color  

For coat care, consistency is much more important than perfection. Plan for:

- Brushing 2 to 3 times a week with a pin brush and a comb, focusing on behind the ears, armpits, under the tail and the “pants” where tangles form easily.  
- Gentle line brushing down to the skin rather than just skimming the surface. This helps prevent matting of the undercoat.  
- Regular checks for small mats, which can hide moisture and irritate the skin if left.  
- Occasional baths, roughly every 4 to 8 weeks, using a mild dog shampoo and thorough drying so the undercoat does not stay damp.  

Keep the hair around the paws and under the feet trimmed for better grip and cleanliness. Many owners also lightly tidy the rear and tail area for hygiene. A Pomeranian in full coat is beautiful, but remember that shaving them very short can affect how the coat grows back and can reduce natural protection against heat and cold. Careful grooming is usually a better solution than clipping the coat away.  


## Temperament & Personality

Living with a Pomeranian often feels like sharing your home with a tiny, curious roommate who wants to be involved in everything. They are lively, alert and often quite talkative. Many Poms develop strong bonds with their people and like to follow them from room to room. Despite their size, they rarely see themselves as small and often greet life with confidence that can border on boldness.

With families, Pomeranians enjoy being in the middle of everyday activities. They like interaction, games and cuddles on the sofa. With children, they can be affectionate and playful, but their small bodies are vulnerable to rough handling. This breed is usually best suited to families with slightly older, dog‑savvy children who can learn to sit on the floor with the dog, avoid grabbing, and respect when the dog wants space.

Around other dogs, the Pomeranian can be surprisingly fearless. Some individuals will happily play with much larger dogs, which is not always safe. Others are more reserved and prefer the company of dogs their own size. Early socialisation helps them learn polite dog language and reduces the risk of “big attitude in a tiny body” turning into reactive barking or snapping. With cats and other pets, many Poms can live peacefully if they are introduced calmly and early.

Their alert, bright nature makes them quick to notice sights and sounds. This is part of what makes them good little watchdogs but also what can lead to excessive barking if it is not guided. Neighbours in apartments will appreciate early training to teach “quiet” and set routines, such as calmly watching out the window without reacting to every passer‑by.

Many owners describe Pomeranians as surprisingly sensitive. They do best with kind, consistent routines and clear boundaries rather than harsh corrections. When they feel secure, they show a charming combination of independence and affection. They often enjoy short bursts of play followed by time close to their person.

<x-quote text="Our Pom is tiny but has more personality than many big dogs I have met. She wants to be part of everything, but she also picks up on my mood very quickly, so we try to keep life calm and predictable for her." from="Lisa, Pomeranian owner" />


## Training & Exercise

Although the Pomeranian belongs to the toy group, it shares working roots with larger Spitz breeds, which shows in its intelligence and quick reactions. They tend to enjoy training that feels like a game. Many are food motivated, others love small toys or praise. Short, varied training sessions of 5 to 10 minutes suit them better than long, repetitive drills.

Positive reinforcement is essential. These dogs can be proud and will often shut down if training feels unpleasant. Reward the behaviours you want to see and use gentle management to prevent unwanted habits from being rehearsed. Because Pomeranians are very observant, they often learn household routines without much effort. This is convenient but also means they can pick up less desirable habits, such as running to the door at the slightest noise or demanding attention with barking.

Basic training priorities should include:

- Reliable recall suited to their size and safety  
- Calm greetings with people and dogs  
- Barking on cue and “quiet” on cue  
- Handling and grooming training, for brushing, teeth care and vet visits  
- Confidence building through simple tricks and nose work  

Exercise needs are usually moderate compared with larger active breeds. Most adult Poms are happy with:

- Two to three short walks per day, adapted to the dog’s age and fitness  
- Extra play sessions indoors or in a safe, enclosed garden  
- Mental exercise such as puzzle toys, scent games and simple obedience or trick training  

Because of their size, a Pomeranian’s joints and growth plates must be protected, especially in puppies. Avoid long stair sessions, jumping from furniture and very long or intense runs. Cold or very wet weather can be tiring for them, so a well‑fitting dog coat during winter and careful monitoring in hot weather are both helpful. In summer, pick cooler times of day for walks and always provide fresh water and shade.

For owners who like structured activities, many Poms enjoy:

- Rally obedience with short, precise exercises  
- Agility on a low, safe level with attention to joint safety  
- Trick training and freestyle where their expressive nature can shine  

<x-quote text="Many Pomeranians are happier with three short, interesting walks and some brain games at home than with one long, exhausting outing. Thinking work often tires them out more pleasantly than distance." from="Get a Pet Editorial" />


## Health

The Pomeranian is a generally long‑lived breed, and it is not unusual for well cared‑for individuals to reach 12 to 15 years or more. At the same time, like all breeds, they have some health areas that owners and breeders should pay special attention to.

Because of their toy size, dental health is a key topic. Their small jaws can lead to crowded teeth and increased plaque build‑up. Daily or near‑daily tooth brushing with dog toothpaste, along with regular dental checks at the vet, helps prevent painful dental disease later in life.

Orthopedic issues can occur, especially patellar luxation, where the kneecap moves out of its normal position. Responsible breeders screen breeding dogs for knee health. As an owner, keeping your Pomeranian slim and avoiding frequent jumping from high furniture, especially in puppyhood, can reduce strain on the joints.

Some Pomeranians may experience tracheal sensitivity or collapsing trachea. This can show as a dry, honking cough, especially when pulling on the lead. Using a well‑fitting harness instead of a collar for walks is usually recommended to take pressure off the neck. If you notice persistent coughing or breathing changes, a veterinary check is important.

Other issues that can be seen in the breed include:

- Certain eye conditions, such as cataracts  
- Heart disease in older age  
- Skin and coat problems, including alopecia or so‑called “black skin disease” in some lines  

Prospective puppy buyers can ask breeders which health tests they perform and how they work to maintain healthy lines. Many responsible breeders use knee evaluations, eye examinations and, in some countries, additional tests recommended by kennel clubs or breed clubs.

Weight management is another simple but vital health factor. It is easy to overfeed a small dog. Even a little extra weight can put strain on the heart and joints. Use a measuring cup for food, include treats in the daily ration and aim to feel ribs under a light fat cover.

Finally, schedule regular vet checks and keep vaccinations and parasite protection up to date. Considering [pet insurance](https://getapet.com/en/pet-insurance) is often wise for small breeds that may require dental work or specialist diagnostics in older age.

<x-quote text="When choosing a Pomeranian puppy, ask about the health history of parents and grandparents, not just the tests on paper. Good breeders are usually open to discussing both strengths and weaknesses in their lines." from="Get a Pet Editorial" />


## History & Origins

The Pomeranian belongs to the wider Spitz family, which also includes breeds like the German Spitz, Samoyed and Finnish Spitz. All share typical features such as a pointed muzzle, erect ears, a thick double coat and a curled tail. Historically, Spitz‑type dogs developed in colder climates, working as watchdogs, sled dogs and general farm helpers.

The ancestors of today’s Pomeranian were much larger, often weighing 10 to 15 kilograms or more. They came from the region historically known as Pomerania, located along the Baltic Sea in what is now parts of Germany and Poland. There they worked as versatile farm dogs and companions, valued for their alertness, weather resistant coats and loyalty.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, these dogs attracted attention in Britain and elsewhere in Europe as charming companions. Over time, breeders selected for smaller size, richer coat and a more companion oriented temperament. One of the most famous admirers was Queen Victoria, who kept and bred Pomeranians. Her preference for smaller individuals greatly influenced the breed, leading to the miniature version we recognize today.

As the breed spread, different color varieties became popular in different periods. Orange and sable were favoured for many years, but modern breeding has embraced a wide palette. Breed standards across kennel clubs today emphasize type, soundness and the characteristic lively, proud expression.

Today the Pomeranian is primarily a companion and show dog. They appear in conformation shows worldwide and are also increasingly seen in dog sports, therapy work and as urban family dogs. Despite their refined appearance, many still show hints of their working background in their alertness, curiosity and strong sense of territory.

Their journey from robust farm Spitz to glamorous toy companion is one of the more dramatic size changes in the dog world. Yet at heart, a Pomeranian still carries much of the spirit of a larger Spitz, only in a smaller, portable package that suits modern home and city life.  


## Living with the Breed

Sharing your life with a Pomeranian means adjusting to a small but vivid presence that is often involved in most of your daily routines. These dogs tend to bond closely with their families and do not enjoy being left alone for very long. Many cope well with a normal working day if they are gradually trained to it and receive quality time, mental stimulation and exercise when their people are home. Very long days alone, day after day, are not ideal.

New owners should be ready for:

- Regular grooming with brushing several times a week  
- Daily walks and playtime, even though the dog is small  
- Ongoing training to manage barking and polite behaviour  
- A focus on dental care and general health maintenance  

Costs will vary by country, but it helps to plan for:

- Initial purchase price, which can be considerable for a well bred Pomeranian  
- Vaccinations, microchipping and early vet care  
- Spaying or neutering if not used for breeding  
- Quality food suitable for small breeds  
- Regular grooming tools or professional grooming if you prefer help  
- Insurance and routine veterinary checks each year  

Over a year, routine costs plus occasional extras like dental cleaning or minor illnesses can add up. Having a financial buffer or insurance policy makes it easier to handle surprises without stress.

Useful equipment for a Pomeranian includes:

- A comfortable, snug harness that does not pressure the neck  
- Light but sturdy leads, plus a long line for safe outdoor freedom  
- A crate or pen as a safe resting place and for travel  
- Non slip steps or ramps if the dog often gets on sofas or beds  
- Puzzle toys, snuffle mats and chew items suited to small jaws  
- A soft, warm bed placed away from drafts  

Living space can be small or large. Poms can thrive in apartments as long as their needs for company, movement and mental activity are met. Sound management is important in close living, so teaching calm behaviour at the door and rewarding quiet moments from an early age pays off later.

For those considering breeding, specialist knowledge of toy breed whelping, good support from a mentor and appropriate tools such as [breeder tools](https://getapet.com/en/breeder-tools) and litter insurance are very helpful. Responsible breeding in this small breed requires careful planning of size, temperament and health.

<x-quote text="What surprised me most was how much life a small dog can bring into a home. Our Pom is low impact on space but high impact on daily joy, and she has made us more active and present in our routines." from="Johan, dog owner" />

If you are unsure whether a Pomeranian is the right breed for your lifestyle, exploring the [Dog Breed Advisor](https://getapet.com/en/dog-breed-advisor) can help you compare different breeds and reflect on what kind of companion will fit you best.

<x-quote text="Before welcoming a Pomeranian, think beyond the cute looks. Ask yourself if you are ready for a sensitive, alert and grooming intensive little companion for well over a decade." from="Get a Pet Editorial" />

Pomeranian

The Kennel Club (UK)

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)

Norsk Kennel Klub (Norwegian Kennel Club)

Deutscher Spitz Club (Germany)

Tiny, fox‑like Spitz with a fluffy double coat in many colors. Weighing 2–3.5 kg, Pomeranians are lively, alert, people‑focused companions and good watchdogs. They need regular grooming, gentle positive training, daily walks, mental games, dental care and protection of their small joints.

Kerry Blue Terrier vs Pomeranian

Characteristics

Summary

Similar breeds