Smålandsstövare

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Swedish scenthound traditionally used for hunting hare and fox in forested terrain
• Compact, sturdy, and athletic, with a striking black and tan coat and often a natural short tail
• Loyal one-person or one-family dog that forms deep bonds and prefers a close relationship with its owner
• Intelligent, independent thinker that combines strong hunting instincts with a calm, steady nature at home
• Still relatively rare outside Scandinavia, which helps preserve its working ability and rustic character

Appearance & Coat

The Smålandsstövare is a medium sized scenthound with a solid, well balanced build that reflects its working heritage. It is slightly longer than it is tall, with enough substance to move through dense forest and rough ground, yet without ever appearing heavy or clumsy. Males typically stand around 46 to 54 centimeters at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller, and weight usually falls within the range you would expect for a medium hunting dog, depending on condition and muscle tone.

The head is clean and fairly long without exaggeration. The skull is slightly arched, and the muzzle is strong enough for a dog that might need to work all day in changing weather. The eyes are dark and expressive, often giving a calm and thoughtful expression that many owners find very characteristic of the breed. Ears are set fairly high, hanging close to the head and reaching about to the corner of the mouth. The overall impression should be that of a practical, capable working dog, not a showy or overdone companion.

One of the most striking features of the Smålandsstövare is its coat. The breed has a dense, close lying double coat that protects it from cold, damp forest conditions and harsh weather. The outer coat is fairly harsh and straight, while the undercoat is softer and insulating. The classic color is black with clearly defined tan markings on cheeks, chest, legs, and under the tail. Some dogs also have small white markings on the chest or toes, which are accepted in the standard. The rich contrast between the black and tan gives the Smålandsstövare a very distinctive, almost noble look even though it is a rustic hunting breed at heart.

Tail length can vary. Many Smålandsstövare are born with a naturally short tail of different lengths, while others have a full length tail that is carried in a slight curve when the dog is moving or alert. Both types are correct and reflect the breed’s old and varied origins. The body should be muscular and strong, with well angulated hindquarters and a good reach and drive in movement. When you see a Smålandsstövare in motion, it should cover ground efficiently, looking like it could work for many hours without tiring.

Coat care for this breed is fairly straightforward, especially compared to some long haired or heavily feathered breeds. A weekly brush with a firm bristle brush or a rubber grooming glove is usually enough to keep the coat in good condition and remove loose hair. During shedding seasons in spring and autumn, more frequent brushing helps reduce loose undercoat around the house and keeps the skin healthy. Because the coat is naturally weather resistant, frequent baths are not necessary and can actually strip protective oils from the fur. A bath every few months, or when the dog is particularly dirty from hunting or outdoor adventures, is usually enough.

Owners should also pay attention to ear care, as the hanging ears can trap moisture, especially in wet climates or after swimming. Regular checks and gentle cleaning when needed can help prevent irritation or infections. Nails should be trimmed regularly unless the dog wears them down naturally through work or exercise. Overall, the Smålandsstövare is a low maintenance breed in terms of grooming, which suits its practical, working dog background.

Temperament & Personality

The temperament of the Smålandsstövare is one of its greatest strengths, especially for people who appreciate a dog that is both a capable worker and a calm, loyal companion. This breed was developed as a versatile hunting dog that would work closely with its owner, and that heritage is still very clear in its personality today. Many owners describe the Smålandsstövare as devoted, affectionate, and somewhat reserved with strangers, but deeply attached to its own family.

In the home, the Smålandsstövare is usually quite calm and settled, provided its exercise and mental needs are met. It enjoys being close to its people and will often choose to stay in the same room, quietly observing or resting at your feet. This is not a hyperactive dog that bounces off the walls all day, yet it has plenty of energy outdoors and can switch into working mode very quickly. The balance between a focused hunter outside and a relaxed family dog inside is part of the breed’s unique charm.

With children, the Smålandsstövare can be a very good companion, especially when raised with them and treated with respect. Its stable nature and medium size make it manageable for families, but like any hunting breed, it is not a toy and should not be expected to tolerate rough handling. Children should be taught to interact politely and to allow the dog space when it wants to rest. In return, the dog often forms strong bonds with the kids in the family and may follow them around the house or garden, keeping a gentle eye on their activities.

In terms of social behavior, the breed is usually polite but somewhat reserved with strangers. It is not typically aggressive, but it may not be overly enthusiastic about greeting new people until it has had time to observe and feel comfortable. This natural reserve can make the Smålandsstövare a good watchdog in the sense that it will alert you to someone arriving, although it is not a guard dog in the traditional sense and should not be encouraged to show defensive behavior. Early socialization with a variety of people, places, and experiences helps ensure that the dog grows into a confident, well adjusted adult.

With other dogs, the Smålandsstövare is often friendly or neutral, especially if properly socialized from a young age. As a hunting hound, it is used to working in cooperation with humans and sometimes with other dogs, so open conflict is not desirable. However, intact males can be assertive with other males, and individual temperament varies, so careful introductions and good management are always wise, especially in tight spaces or around resources like food.

Small pets can be more challenging. The Smålandsstövare has retained strong hunting instincts, particularly toward hare and fox, and that instinct can extend to other small animals such as rabbits, rodents, or sometimes cats. Some individuals can live peacefully with cats and small pets if introduced from a young age and carefully supervised, but this can never be guaranteed. Prospective owners who keep small animals should be realistic about the dog’s natural drive and be prepared to manage interactions and physical separation when needed.

Common challenges with this breed are often linked to its independence and nose driven nature. Once the Smålandsstövare picks up an interesting scent, it may decide that the track is more important than your recall command. This does not mean the dog is stubborn in a negative sense, but rather that it has been bred to follow scent with determination. Patience, consistent training, and safe off leash areas are important. Boredom can also be a problem if the dog is under stimulated. Without enough activity and mental challenges, it may become restless, vocal, or creative in ways that are not always appreciated, such as digging or trying to escape.

Despite these challenges, for owners who understand and respect its hunting heritage, the Smålandsstövare is a deeply rewarding companion. It offers a combination of loyalty, steadiness, and working enthusiasm that can be hard to find in more modern or purely companion breeds.

Training & Exercise

Training a Smålandsstövare is both enjoyable and occasionally testing, because the breed combines intelligence with a strong independent streak. These dogs are quick learners and very capable problem solvers, but they also have a natural tendency to think for themselves, especially once their nose catches an interesting scent. The key to successful training lies in building a cooperative relationship based on trust and respect rather than force or harsh methods.

Positive reinforcement methods work particularly well with this breed. Smålandsstövare respond best to training sessions that are:

• Short and focused, rather than long and repetitive
• Reward based, using treats, toys, or access to sniffing and exploring as rewards
• Varied and interesting, with new challenges and real life tasks rather than endless drills

Because this breed is often very food motivated, treats can be powerful training tools, but they should be used thoughtfully to avoid overfeeding. Many owners find that combining treats with praise and a chance to explore a new scent or area works especially well. These dogs enjoy having a job to do and like to understand the purpose behind an exercise, which is why practical, real world training is often more successful than artificial exercises with no clear meaning.

Recall training deserves special attention. As a scenthound, the Smålandsstövare is naturally inclined to follow scents over long distances. Reliable recall is possible, but it requires early training, careful management, and realistic expectations. Long lines, fenced areas, and gradual proofing in increasingly distracting environments are essential. Some owners choose to keep their dogs on a long line in unfenced areas, especially if there is game nearby. This keeps the dog safe while still allowing it to enjoy sniffing and exploring.

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. The Smålandsstövare enjoys activities that allow it to use its nose and mind, such as:

• Tracking and mantrailing
• Search and find games at home or in the garden
• Scent work classes and nosework sports
• Puzzle feeders and food hiding games

Physically, this breed has medium to high exercise needs, especially in its prime adult years. A quick walk around the block is not enough. Most Smålandsstövare thrive with at least one longer daily outing, ideally 60 to 90 minutes, which combines walking, some running or free movement, and plenty of sniffing time. On top of this, shorter walks, play sessions, or mental tasks spread through the day help keep the dog balanced.

If you hunt, the Smålandsstövare can be an outstanding partner for tracking and driving hare, fox, and sometimes other game, depending on local regulations and traditions. Hunting work provides a deep level of satisfaction and natural fulfillment for this breed. For non hunting owners, structured activities such as tracking trials, canicross, hiking, or even low impact agility can be good substitutes, provided they are adapted to the individual dog’s build and fitness.

It is worth noting that young Smålandsstövare should not be over exercised while their bones and joints are still developing. Long distance running beside a bicycle, repeated jumping, or very hard surfaces should be introduced gradually and not pushed too early. Controlled free movement on varied, softer ground is usually best for building strength and coordination.

Consistency is important in training. If you let a Smålandsstövare decide the rules one day and then change them the next, it will quickly learn to test boundaries. Clear, fair rules that apply every day help the dog feel secure and understand what is expected. At the same time, the breed is sensitive to tone and atmosphere. Harsh corrections, shouting, or unpredictable punishment can damage trust and reduce the dog’s willingness to cooperate. A calm, confident handler who guides rather than dominates will usually get the best results.

With the right balance of exercise, mental challenges, and kind but firm training, the Smålandsstövare becomes a reliable, responsive partner. It is not a robotically obedient breed, and it will always retain a hint of independent spirit, but that is part of its appeal for people who value character and working ability.

Health

The Smålandsstövare is generally considered a robust and healthy breed, shaped by generations of practical selection for performance in real hunting conditions. Dogs that could not work well or cope with the climate and terrain were not used for breeding, which helped to maintain soundness and overall vitality. However, like any purebred dog, the breed does have some health considerations that responsible owners and breeders should keep in mind.

Overall longevity is good. Many Smålandsstövare live well into their teens when kept in good condition, with a typical lifespan often around 12 to 14 years, and sometimes longer. A balanced diet, appropriate exercise, and regular veterinary care are all important factors in helping the dog reach a healthy old age.

Orthopedic health is an area that deserves attention. As a medium sized, active working breed, the Smålandsstövare can be prone to certain joint issues seen in many dogs of similar type, such as:

• Hip dysplasia
• Elbow dysplasia

Reputable breeders usually screen their breeding dogs for these conditions using official scoring systems. Prospective puppy buyers should ask about hip and elbow evaluations in the parents and, where available, in previous generations. While testing cannot guarantee that a puppy will never develop problems, it significantly reduces the overall risk and supports healthier breeding decisions for the entire population.

Another area of potential concern in scent and hunting dogs is ear health. The breed’s drop ears can trap moisture, dirt, or plant material, particularly after work in forested or marshy areas. Left unchecked, this can lead to ear infections or chronic irritation. Routine ear checks, gentle cleaning when necessary, and careful drying after swimming or heavy rain can go a long way to prevent problems. Dogs that shake or scratch their ears, or have a strong odour from the ear canal, should be checked by a veterinarian.

Eye health should not be overlooked, even though severe hereditary eye diseases are not commonly associated with the breed. Some breeders choose to have their dogs examined by a veterinary ophthalmologist to screen for potential issues. Clear, bright eyes without excessive discharge are signs of good health. Any changes in eye appearance or vision should be assessed promptly.

Because the Smålandsstövare is an active working dog, injuries related to exercise and hunting can occur. Cuts from branches, thorn punctures, strained muscles, or pad injuries are not unusual in any hunting breed. Owners who work their dogs in the field should learn basic first aid and regularly check paws, skin, and coat after outings. Keeping the dog at a healthy weight and building fitness gradually helps reduce the risk of strains and joint overload, especially early in the season.

Digestive health in this breed is generally stable, but as with any dog, sudden diet changes can cause upset. A high quality, balanced diet that matches the dog’s activity level is important. Very active hunting dogs may need more calories and slightly different nutrient ratios than dogs kept mostly as companions. Some owners divide the daily food into two meals to reduce the risk of stomach discomfort during activity. Keeping heavy meals and intense exercise separated in time is a sensible precaution.

Recommended health tests for breeding animals commonly include:

• Hip dysplasia screening
• Elbow dysplasia screening
• Sometimes eye examinations, depending on national club recommendations

Puppy buyers should feel comfortable asking breeders about these tests and about the overall health history in the lines they use. A good breeder will be open and informative, and will also ask you questions to ensure their puppies go to suitable homes.

Preventive care, including vaccinations, parasite control, and regular dental checks, is just as important for the Smålandsstövare as for any other breed. Tartar buildup and gum disease can be prevented or reduced with a combination of chewing, dental snacks, and, where possible, regular tooth brushing. An annual veterinary check up helps catch any emerging problems early, when they can often be managed more easily.

With thoughtful breeding, sensible management, and attentive care, the Smålandsstövare remains a sturdy, resilient breed that can share many active, healthy years with its owners.

History & Origins

The Smålandsstövare is one of Sweden’s native scenthounds and carries a long, proud history in its compact frame. Its roots go back several centuries to the province of Småland in southern Sweden, a region of forests, lakes, and small farms. Local farmers and hunters needed a versatile, enduring dog that could hunt hare and fox on foot, often with limited resources and in challenging terrain. Over time, a distinct type developed, shaped more by practical needs than by appearance.

In the early days, the local hounds of Småland were not standardized. They were influenced by a variety of dogs that came with soldiers returning from wars in Europe, including German and Polish hounds, which were then crossed with local spitz types and farm dogs. This mixture produced a wide range of colors and sizes. Some dogs had full tails, others natural short tails, and their appearance varied considerably from village to village. What they all had in common was a strong nose, determination in the hunt, and a close working relationship with their owners.

By the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, there was a growing interest in organizing and preserving Swedish dog breeds. At that time, many local hunting dogs were being replaced or absorbed by more uniform imported hounds, and there was a real risk that old types like the Smålandsstövare could disappear. Swedish enthusiasts began to collect and select dogs that fit the traditional type from Småland, with a particular focus on hunting ability and the characteristic black and tan coloring.

The Smålandsstövare was officially recognized as a distinct Swedish breed in the early part of the twentieth century. Breed clubs and the national kennel club worked together to create a standard that reflected the traditional working dog, without turning it into a purely show oriented breed. The natural short tail that is still seen in the breed was considered special and was preserved as part of the standard, although full tails remain equally correct.

Throughout the twentieth century, the Smålandsstövare remained closely tied to hunting culture. Unlike some breeds that shifted strongly toward the show ring and companion roles, the Smålandsstövare population has stayed relatively small and focused on function. Breeding decisions were often made by practical hunters who valued dogs that could track and drive game efficiently, with a clear, melodic voice and steady temperament.

Today, the Smålandsstövare is still primarily used as a hunting dog in Sweden and some neighboring countries. It is especially valued for hunting hare and fox, where it works by finding the track, following the scent, and driving the game in a wide circle while the hunter waits in a strategic position. The dog’s steady work style, keen nose, and ability to adapt to varying ground and weather make it well suited to the forested landscapes where it originated.

Outside Scandinavia, the Smålandsstövare remains a rare breed, though interest is slowly growing among hunters and enthusiasts who appreciate its rustic charm and practical abilities. Its relative rarity has helped protect it from extreme fashion trends and has kept the focus on health, character, and working qualities. In some countries, small groups of dedicated breeders and owners are working to introduce the breed to new audiences, both as a hunting partner and as an active family companion.

Although it is now recognized internationally by major kennel organizations, the Smålandsstövare still feels very much like a local treasure from the forests of Småland. Owning one is, in a way, a connection to the traditional Swedish hunting culture in which small farms, deep woods, and a reliable hound formed the backbone of daily life.

Living with the Breed

Living with a Smålandsstövare can be deeply rewarding, but it also requires a realistic understanding of what life with an active hunting breed involves. This is not a dog that will be content with a purely sedentary lifestyle or long days of isolation. It thrives in a home where it can be a full member of the family and where outdoor activities are a regular part of the weekly routine.

For daily life, expect to provide:

• At least one longer walk or outdoor session each day, with real opportunities to move and sniff
• Additional shorter walks, playtimes, or mental games to break up the day
• Training sessions that keep the dog mentally engaged and strengthen the bond with you

A house with a secure garden is ideal, as the Smålandsstövare enjoys spending time outdoors in all kinds of weather. The fence should be solid and high enough to prevent jumping or climbing, and it should extend low enough to discourage digging escapes. While some individuals are perfectly content to stay in the yard, others may be more inventive, especially if they catch the scent of wildlife just outside the boundary. Leaving a Smålandsstövare unsupervised outside for long periods is not recommended, as boredom can lead to barking, digging, or attempts to wander.

In an apartment, the breed can manage if its exercise needs are reliably met every day and if it has regular access to green areas and forests or fields. In such settings, good management of leash training and recall is essential, since off leash freedom may be more limited. Many owners use long lines to offer more freedom to sniff and explore while keeping the dog safe.

The Smålandsstövare is very people oriented and bonds closely with its family. It is not a dog that likes to be left alone for many hours every day. While it can learn to handle normal working hours if gradually accustomed to it, it will be happiest in a home where someone is around for at least part of the day, or where it can accompany the owner to work in a suitable environment. A bored and lonely Smålandsstövare may become vocal, destructive, or anxious.

Financially, owning this breed is similar to other medium sized, active dogs. Annual costs typically include:

• Quality food appropriate to the dog’s age and activity level
• Routine veterinary care, including vaccinations and check ups
• Parasite prevention for fleas, ticks, and worms
• Insurance, where available, which can help cover unexpected veterinary expenses
• Equipment such as leads, harnesses, beds, toys, and grooming tools

Owners who hunt or participate in dog sports should also budget for additional costs like travel to hunting grounds or events, tracking or nosework classes, and any special gear needed in the field.

Useful equipment for a Smålandsstövare often includes:

• A comfortable, well fitting harness that allows full shoulder movement
• A strong, reliable leash and a long line for training and safe exploration
• Reflective collar or vest for visibility in forested or low light conditions
• Warm but breathable coat for older dogs or those resting outdoors in very cold weather
• Durable toys for chewing, searching, and interactive play

Inside the home, the Smålandsstövare appreciates a quiet place to rest, such as a bed in a corner away from busy doorways. Even though it enjoys being close to the family, having a defined resting area teaches children and visitors to respect the dog’s need for undisturbed sleep.

For families considering this breed as a first dog, it is entirely possible to succeed, provided they are committed to learning about training and canine behavior. Beginner friendly does not mean low effort. New owners should be ready to invest time in puppy classes, socialization, and building a reliable recall. Joining breed clubs or local training groups can provide valuable support and advice.

Prospective owners should also consider that the hunting instinct is deeply rooted. Even if you do not plan to hunt, you must be comfortable living with a dog that reacts strongly to wildlife and that may never be completely trustworthy off leash in unfenced, game rich areas. If you dream of a dog that can walk loosely beside you through a forest with no lead and no risk of disappearing on a scent trail, a scenthound like the Smålandsstövare may not be the best match.

For the right person or family, however, the Smålandsstövare is a wonderful companion. It brings a mix of calm home presence, outdoor enthusiasm, and historic Swedish character into everyday life. Shared walks in the forest, quiet evenings with a dog resting at your feet, and the satisfaction of building a working partnership with a thoughtful, independent animal are all part of the experience. With commitment, understanding, and care, living with a Smålandsstövare can be one of the most rewarding partnerships a dog lover can have.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of temperament does the Smålandsstövare have at home and in the hunting field?

This breed is typically calm, steady and affectionate at home, yet determined and energetic when hunting. They are loyal to their family, often reserved with strangers and can be quite independent in their work. Their hunting focus means good training and clear boundaries are important from an early age.

How much exercise does a Smålandsstövare need each day?

This is an active scent hound originally bred for long days in the forest, so it usually needs at least 1.5 to 2 hours of physical activity daily. Off lead running in safe areas and chances to follow scent trails are ideal. Without enough exercise and mental stimulation, they may become restless or vocal.

Is the Smålandsstövare a suitable dog for first time owners?

It can be suitable for a dedicated first time owner who is prepared to handle a hunting breed with a strong nose and some independence. They are generally biddable and not overly sharp, but their tracking instincts and energy level require consistent training and secure management. Owners should be confident with recall work and patient with a slower maturing, outdoorsy dog.

Can a Smålandsstövare live in an apartment or city environment?

Apartment or city living is possible but challenging if their exercise and scent needs are not fully met. They do best with access to large, secure outdoor spaces and regular trips to forests or countryside. In a more urban setting, owners must commit to multiple long walks, structured activities and careful leash use around traffic and wildlife.

How is the Smålandsstövare with children and other pets?

They are often gentle and patient with respectful, dog‑savvy children, especially when raised together and supervised appropriately. With other dogs they are usually sociable but can be focused on their work. Small pets such as rabbits or outdoor cats may trigger their hunting instinct, so careful introductions and management are essential.

What health issues are most common in the Smålandsstövare?

This is generally a robust, rustic breed with a reputation for good overall health, partly due to a relatively small and carefully managed population. However, as a medium sized, active hound, potential concerns include hip or elbow issues, ear infections from hanging ears and occasional eye problems. Responsible breeders typically screen for joint and eye health and maintain genetic diversity.

How much grooming does a Smålandsstövare need and how much do they shed?

The short, dense coat is low maintenance and usually only needs weekly brushing to remove loose hair and debris from the field. Shedding is moderate, with heavier molts once or twice a year. Regular ear checks, nail trims and inspection after hunting or long walks are important due to their work in rough terrain.

Is the Smålandsstövare easy to train given its strong hunting instincts?

They are intelligent and willing to work with their handler but can be single minded when following a scent. Short, consistent training sessions with clear rewards and early focus on recall and self control are essential. Many respond very well to reward based methods, though absolute reliability off lead around game can be challenging.

What sets the Smålandsstövare apart from other Scandinavian hounds?

It is one of the smallest and oldest Swedish scenthounds, traditionally used on hare and fox in forested terrain. The breed is known for its black and tan coloring, compact and sturdy build and strong attachment to its handler. Compared with some larger Nordic hounds, it often combines a manageable size with a serious working attitude.

Does the Smålandsstövare bark a lot and is it naturally vocal when hunting?

Like many scenthounds, it uses its voice actively while tracking and chasing, which hunters value as a clear indication of the trail. At home it may bark to alert or out of boredom, but good exercise and early training can keep this manageable. Prospective owners should be comfortable living with a dog that is not typically silent when stimulated.

Sources

• Svenska Smålandsstövarföreningen
• Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)