## Quick Facts

- Originating from Cuba, the Havanese is the country’s national dog and a close companion breed that was cherished by Havana’s upper class.
- The Havanese has a long, silky, non‑shedding coat that is often better tolerated by allergy‑sensitive people than many other breeds.
- Despite its small size, this is a surprisingly sturdy, lively, and clever dog that loves to learn tricks and take part in family activities.
- Havanese are highly people‑oriented and usually thrive in busy households with children, seniors, and other pets, as long as they are not left alone too much.
- The breed adapts well to city apartments or houses with gardens, as long as they get daily walks, playtime, and mental stimulation.

## Appearance & Coat

The Havanese is a small toy breed, but it does not feel fragile or overly delicate. Most adults stand around 23 to 27 centimeters at the shoulder, with a well balanced and slightly longer than tall body. There is a gentle rise over the loin, which gives the topline a very slight arch rather than a straight, flat back. The overall impression is of a cheerful little dog that is light on its feet, yet with enough substance to move confidently and play energetically.

The head is fairly broad with soft, expressive brown eyes that give the Havanese its sweet and alert expression. The ears hang close to the head, framed by long hair, and the muzzle is of medium length, never too short or pointed. The tail is one of the breed’s trademarks. It is set high and carried in a graceful curve over the back, covered in a plume of long hair that adds to the breed’s elegant outline when in motion.

The true glory of the Havanese is its coat. The breed has a long, abundant, wavy or slightly curly coat with a soft and light texture. It should never be woolly or completely straight. Under that flowing outer coat there is a softer undercoat that provides insulation. Many owners are surprised at how many color possibilities are allowed. Havanese can be white, cream, fawn, gold, black, chocolate, silver, or various combinations and patterns. Some puppies change color as they mature, so a dark puppy may lighten over time.

Grooming a Havanese takes commitment, especially if you keep the coat long. The hair tangles easily, particularly in areas where friction occurs, such as behind the ears, under the collar, in the armpits, and around the hindquarters. A typical grooming routine for a pet Havanese includes:

- Brushing and combing the coat at least three to four times per week, and daily during shedding of the undercoat or when the dog is changing from puppy to adult coat.
- Using a pin brush and a metal comb to reach through all layers of hair, rather than just skimming the surface.
- Checking for and gently working out any mats with your fingers and a detangling spray before they tighten.

Some owners prefer to keep their Havanese in a shorter, practical “pet trim” to reduce grooming time. The coat still needs regular brushing, but it is less likely to mat into tight knots. Professional grooming every six to eight weeks can help maintain a neat shape and healthy hair. Regular trimming around the eyes, paws, and sanitary areas keeps the dog comfortable and clean.

Ears should be checked weekly for redness or odor, and nails should be trimmed or filed regularly so they do not become too long. Because the eyes are expressive and slightly prominent, it is helpful to keep hair from irritating the eyes and to gently wipe away any tear staining if it appears. With consistent care, the Havanese coat remains soft, beautiful, and pleasant to live with.

## Temperament & Personality

The Havanese is often described as a “velcro dog,” and that captures much of this breed’s personality. These dogs bond very closely to their people and genuinely want to be involved in whatever is happening. They follow family members from room to room, sit under the desk while someone works, and curl up on the sofa for movie nights. This intense attachment is one of the breed’s greatest charms, but it can also become a challenge if owners do not teach their dogs to feel relaxed when left alone.

In daily life, a well socialized Havanese is typically cheerful, playful, and friendly. They enjoy greeting visitors and are usually more welcoming than wary, although some individuals can be cautious with strangers at first. Their small size makes them suitable for apartment living, but their personality is far from passive. A Havanese will often act like a small comedian, using pawing, play bows, or funny little spins to get attention and start a game.

Around children, the Havanese is generally patient and affectionate, provided children are taught to treat the dog kindly. They usually enjoy participating in children’s games in the garden or quietly listening to bedtime stories. Because they are small, rough handling can accidentally cause injury, so supervision with very young children is important. Older children who understand how to handle a small dog can build a very strong bond with a Havanese, especially if they take part in training and daily care.

The breed tends to get along well with other dogs and can live happily with cats and other pets if introduced properly. Havanese are social by nature and many enjoy doggy day care, group walks, or visits with friendly canine neighbors. Some individuals may show a bit of bossy behavior toward much larger dogs, so guiding interactions and teaching respectful greetings is helpful.

Common temperament challenges include:

- A tendency toward separation anxiety if left alone for long periods regularly.
- Barking at sounds in the hallway, people passing the window, or any perceived change in the environment.
- Developing “small dog syndrome” if owners excuse rude behavior just because the dog is tiny and cute.

Preventing these issues starts early. Gradual training to be comfortable alone, plenty of exercise and mental stimulation, and consistent rules about behavior will help your Havanese grow into a confident, polite companion. When their emotional needs are met, Havanese are among the most charming and easygoing small breeds, perfectly suited for people who are happy to share most of their day with a furry shadow.

## Training & Exercise

Even though the Havanese belongs to the toy group, it is far from a decorative lap dog in terms of mind and energy. This breed is intelligent, curious, and highly motivated by interaction with people. That combination makes training both rewarding and enjoyable, as long as methods stay gentle and positive. Harsh corrections or impatience can quickly shut down a sensitive Havanese, while praise, treats, and play bring out their best performance.

Many owners are surprised at how quickly Havanese pick up new cues. They learn basic manners such as sit, down, and come very fast if training is consistent and sessions are kept short and fun. Because they enjoy human attention so much, they often work enthusiastically for a clicker and tiny food rewards. Trick training is ideal for this breed. Simple tricks like spinning, weaving between your legs, offering a paw, or playing dead keep their brain engaged and strengthen the bond between dog and owner.

Housetraining can take a little longer with some Havanese, not because they are stubborn, but because small dogs have small bladders. A clear routine, frequent toilet breaks, and supervision indoors are essential. Many families find that using a crate or a puppy pen at first, paired with regular outdoor trips and rewards for success, speeds up the process. It is important not to scold accidents, as this only teaches the dog to hide them.

In terms of exercise, the Havanese is adaptable. They do not need marathon runs, but they are not content with a quick walk around the block either. A typical adult Havanese will enjoy:

- Two to three moderate walks per day, often totaling around 45 to 90 minutes depending on age and fitness.
- Playtime in a secure garden or indoors with toys, especially fetch, gentle tug, or hide and seek.
- Short bursts of more intense activity, such as running around with other small dogs at the park.

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Puzzle toys, scent games, basic obedience practice, and new environments to explore all help prevent boredom. Havanese often excel in dog sports that suit their size and temperament. Many do well in agility, rally obedience, heelwork to music, or obedience classes. Even if you are not interested in competition, a local club or training group can be a great place to socialize your Havanese and learn how to communicate clearly.

Because they have a lively but not hyperactive nature, Havanese can adjust to slightly quieter days as long as they usually receive enough outlets for their energy. Older Havanese may prefer shorter walks and more gentle games, but they still need mental engagement to stay happy. The key is regularity. Daily exercise, a bit of training, and time spent together keep this breed balanced and content.

## Health

The Havanese is generally considered a healthy and robust small breed, especially when bred responsibly with attention to genetic diversity and health screening. With good care, many Havanese live well into their early to mid teens, often between 13 and 15 years. Some even reach 16 or 17 years of age. However, like all breeds, there are certain conditions that appear more frequently and that potential owners should be aware of.

Orthopedic issues can occur. Hip dysplasia and patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, are among the most commonly discussed. Responsible breeders often screen their breeding dogs with hip evaluations and patella checks to reduce the risk of passing on these problems. While serious cases may require surgery, many mild cases can be managed with weight control, appropriate exercise, and joint support under a veterinarian’s supervision.

Eye health is another area of focus. Conditions such as cataracts or other hereditary eye diseases can appear in the breed. Many national kennel clubs and breed clubs recommend that breeding Havanese undergo regular eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist. For pet owners, routine vet checkups and awareness of any changes in vision, eye cloudiness, or discomfort are important.

Havanese can be prone to certain skin and coat issues, often linked to allergies, parasites, or environmental factors. Regular grooming, high quality nutrition, and prompt attention to itching or hot spots help keep the skin in good condition. Because the coat is long and dense, it is essential to dry it thoroughly after baths or wet walks to avoid fungal or bacterial problems.

Other conditions that may occur in the breed include heart murmurs in some individuals, digestive sensitivities, and dental problems. Small dogs in general often develop tartar faster than larger breeds, so dental care is crucial. Daily tooth brushing if possible, along with regular dental checks at the vet, goes a long way in preventing periodontal disease and tooth loss.

Prospective owners should speak with breeders about the health tests they use. Typical recommended evaluations can include:

- Hip scoring.
- Patellar luxation checks.
- Eye examinations for hereditary eye disease, usually repeated periodically on breeding dogs.
- In some countries, additional DNA tests for specific hereditary conditions if relevant to certain lines.

Keeping a Havanese healthy also involves everyday choices. Maintaining a lean body condition through appropriate feeding and exercise protects joints and reduces the risk of many health problems. Vaccinations, parasite control, and annual or biannual veterinary exams help detect issues early. Paying attention to subtle changes in behavior, such as reluctance to jump, changes in appetite, or less enthusiasm for walks, can give early hints that something is wrong.

Overall, the Havanese offers a good balance of longevity and vitality. When combined with good breeding practices and attentive ownership, this little dog often enjoys many active and joyful years as part of the family.

## History & Origins

The Havanese has a fascinating history that stretches back several centuries and crosses oceans. Although closely associated with Cuba today, the breed’s roots lie in the Mediterranean region. Small companion dogs from Spain and possibly Italy traveled with sailors and settlers to the Caribbean in the 16th and 17th centuries. These dogs likely included ancestors of the Bichon family, such as the Bichon Frisé and related types, which were already popular as charming lapdogs among European nobility.

Once in Cuba, these little dogs adapted to the island’s warm climate and local lifestyle. Over time, they developed into a distinct type, with a light, insulating coat and a lively yet gentle temperament. In Havana, Cuba’s capital, they became favorites of the wealthy and the aristocracy. The breed’s name, Havanese, reflects this close association with the city and the Cuban culture that shaped it. At one point, the dogs were sometimes called “Havana Silk Dogs” in reference to their soft, flowing coat.

For many years, the Havanese existed as a prized companion of Cuban upper society, somewhat isolated from the outside world. However, in the mid 20th century, political changes in Cuba had a dramatic impact on the breed. When many Cuban families left the country, some took their beloved dogs with them to the United States and elsewhere. These emigrant dogs formed the foundation of the modern Havanese population outside Cuba. Dedicated breeders in North America and Europe worked to rebuild and stabilize the breed, carefully selecting for health, temperament, and the classic Havanese characteristics.

Recognition by kennel clubs followed as the breed grew in numbers and popularity. Over the last few decades, the Havanese has moved from relative obscurity to become one of the most admired toy breeds in many countries. Its blend of charm, intelligence, and adaptability has helped it gain a strong foothold with families, singles, and retired couples alike.

Historically, the Havanese has always been a companion first and foremost, but they have also shown ability in various roles. Their keen hearing and alert nature made them natural little watchdogs in Cuban homes, ready to announce visitors or unusual sounds. Today, while they still bark to alert, they are more likely to be found participating in modern pursuits such as obedience, agility, or visiting care homes as therapy dogs. Their gentle and empathetic manner makes them particularly suitable for emotional support and therapy work.

Despite its long and sometimes fragile history, the Havanese has emerged as a thriving and beloved breed worldwide. Modern Havanese retain an echo of their elegant island past in their flowing coats and proud carriage, while their friendly eyes and playful personality continue to win hearts in contemporary living rooms and city parks.

## Living with the Breed

Living with a Havanese is a joy for many people, but it also involves specific responsibilities that potential owners should consider carefully. This is not a breed that thrives with minimal interaction or care. Instead, the Havanese fits best with individuals or families who enjoy including their dog in daily life, from relaxed evenings on the sofa to weekend outings.

Daily routines usually center on companionship. A Havanese will want to be near you as much as possible. Working full time away from home can be challenging if the dog has to stay alone for many hours, especially on a regular basis. If your schedule is busy, arrangements such as doggy day care, a dog walker, or having another dog in the household can help. However, no dog should be expected to cope with excessive isolation. Preparing the dog gradually to handle short periods alone is an important part of early training.

From a financial perspective, owning a Havanese comes with typical dog expenses and a few breed specific considerations. Annual costs often include:

- Quality food appropriate for the dog’s age, size, and activity level.
- Routine veterinary care, including vaccinations, parasite prevention, and health checks.
- Grooming tools such as brushes, combs, shampoo, and possibly regular visits to a professional groomer.
- Pet insurance or a savings plan for unexpected veterinary costs.
- Training classes, toys, beds, leads, harnesses, and crates or carriers.

Grooming is a significant time commitment. Even if you choose a shorter pet trim, you will still need to brush regularly and keep up with nail trimming, ear care, and dental hygiene. Owners who love brushing and styling often find it a relaxing time to bond with their dog. Those who are less interested in grooming might prefer to schedule professional grooming at consistent intervals. It is a good idea to factor these expenses and time needs into your decision.

In terms of space, the Havanese is very suitable for apartment living as long as it gets enough exercise and mental stimulation. They do not need a large garden, but a secure outdoor area is helpful for play and toilet breaks. Indoors, they appreciate a comfortable bed in a quiet corner, as well as a place where they can observe household activity. Many Havanese like to perch on the back of a sofa or a low windowsill to watch the world outside.

Useful equipment for Havanese owners may include:

- A well fitting harness that protects the neck, especially during training or when the dog is still learning to walk on a loose lead.
- Soft, comfortable beds that support joints without creating too much heat under their coat.
- Interactive toys, puzzle feeders, and chew items that are safe for small dogs.
- Lightweight clothing for very cold or wet weather in regions with harsh climates, as long as the dog is comfortable wearing it.

Social needs are high. Regular positive contact with people and other friendly dogs keeps the Havanese emotionally balanced. Puppy socialization classes and calm introductions to different environments, sounds, and surfaces will help avoid timidity later in life. Because of their charming nature, Havanese can easily become the center of attention wherever they go, so it is vital to maintain good manners, such as not jumping on strangers or barking excessively.

Overall, living with a Havanese means sharing your life with an affectionate, intelligent, and at times comedic little companion. The breed rewards consistent care and involvement with deep loyalty and an infectious happiness that brightens daily routines. For those willing to invest time in grooming, training, and companionship, the Havanese is a delightful addition to many types of households.

Havanese

The Kennel Club (UK)

Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

Norwegian Kennel Club

Dansk Kennel Klub (Danish Kennel Club)

The Havanese is Cuba’s national toy breed, a sturdy, lively companion with a long, silky, low‑shedding coat. Affectionate and people‑oriented, it suits families, apartments or houses. It needs regular grooming, daily walks, play, mental stimulation, and dislikes long periods alone.

## Quick Facts

- Ancient Scandinavian hunting dog developed specifically for tracking and holding large game such as moose and bear  
- Medium sized, powerful spitz type with a dense, weatherproof black coat and curly tail  
- Highly alert, vocal and watchful, yet deeply loyal and attached to their own family  
- Needs substantial daily exercise and mental stimulation to stay balanced and content  
- A relatively rare breed outside Scandinavia, appealing to experienced and active dog owners who enjoy outdoor life  

## Appearance & Coat

The Norwegian Elkhound, Black is a compact, powerful and athletic spitz type, instantly recognisable by its dark coat and curled tail. Compared with its more widely known grey cousin, the Black Norwegian Elkhound is usually a little lighter in build and more clearly defined in outline. Males typically stand around 47 to 52 centimeters at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller. Weight often ranges from 18 to 25 kilograms, depending on sex, bone structure and individual condition. The overall impression should be one of strength, agility and readiness for work in harsh northern terrain.

The body is slightly longer than it is tall, with a deep chest and well sprung ribs that allow plenty of lung capacity for long days in the forest. The back is strong and level, leading to a high set tail that curls tightly over the back when the dog is alert or moving. The head is wedge shaped without being coarse, with a clear stop, strong muzzle and dark, expressive eyes that give a keen, intelligent expression. Ears are erect, mobile and fairly small in proportion to the head, which adds to the alert, fox like look that many elkhound owners love.

The coat is one of the breed’s most distinctive features. As the name suggests, the Norwegian Elkhound, Black is always black in colour. Some dogs may have lighter hairs mixed into the coat as they age, but the ideal is a solid, rich black that emphasizes the dog’s outline. The coat is double layered and highly weather resistant. The outer coat is harsh, straight and lies relatively close to the body, while the undercoat is soft, dense and insulating. This structure allows the breed to work comfortably in snow, rain and wind.

Coat care is straightforward but regular. Although the hair does not mat easily, the thick undercoat sheds heavily, usually once or twice a year. During these shedding periods, daily brushing with a firm slicker brush or a metal comb helps remove loose hair and keeps it from spreading all over the house. Outside of shedding season, a thorough brushing once or twice a week is often enough to keep the coat healthy and glossy. Bathing should be occasional rather than frequent, since too many baths can strip the natural oils that protect the skin and coat.

Pay particular attention to the areas where dead hair tends to collect, such as behind the ears, under the tail and along the trousers on the back of the legs. Nails should be trimmed regularly, especially for dogs that spend more time on soft ground than on rough surfaces. Clean the ears weekly and check that they remain dry and free from redness or bad smell. With these simple routines, the Norwegian Elkhound, Black is a relatively low maintenance dog in terms of grooming, despite its thick northern coat.

## Temperament & Personality

Living with a Norwegian Elkhound, Black means sharing your home with a lively, intelligent and independent minded companion. This is a dog bred to work at a distance from the hunter, make decisions on its own and keep game at bay through persistence and courage. As a result, many Black Norwegian Elkhounds combine strong loyalty to their humans with a certain stubborn streak and a good measure of self confidence.

With their family, these dogs are generally affectionate, devoted and playful. They often form a particularly close bond with one person, but still enjoy interacting with all members of the household. Many owners describe them as watchful yet friendly, not over the top with strangers but polite and curious once they have had a moment to assess the situation. Their natural alertness and tendency to bark makes them excellent watchdogs. They will let you know about anything unusual outside the house, whether it is a passing car, a fox in the garden or a visitor at the gate.

Around children, a well socialised Norwegian Elkhound, Black is usually kind and patient, especially if raised with kids from a young age. They tend to enjoy being part of family activities and will happily join in games, walks and outdoor adventures. Because they are robust and energetic, they are often better suited to families with slightly older children who can respect a dog’s boundaries and handle an active, sometimes boisterous playmate. As with any breed, interactions with small children should always be supervised, and kids should be taught not to climb on or tease the dog.

With other dogs, temperament can vary from individual to individual. Many are sociable and enjoy canine company, especially if they have been well socialised. Others may be more reserved or selective, particularly with dogs of the same sex. Early, positive experiences with different dogs are important to encourage relaxed behaviour. When it comes to smaller pets, their hunting background must be taken into account. A Norwegian Elkhound, Black may see cats, rabbits or other small animals as something to chase, especially outdoors. Some individuals learn to live peacefully with a resident cat, but it is not guaranteed, and introductions should be done carefully.

A common challenge for owners is the combination of intelligence and independence. This breed learns quickly, but it may not always choose to obey instantly. They like to think for themselves and may question commands they find pointless. Barking can also be an issue for some households, especially in more urban environments. In the forest, a clear voice is desirable, but in an apartment building it can cause problems. Teaching a “quiet” command early and providing enough stimulation helps keep barking within reasonable limits.

Despite these challenges, people who understand the temperament of the Norwegian Elkhound, Black often become devoted to the breed. They appreciate the dog’s honesty, courage and sense of humour. This is not a breed that blindly follows orders, but rather a partner with its own opinions, strong loyalties and a sincere desire to be part of its human pack.

## Training & Exercise

The Norwegian Elkhound, Black is an active working dog that thrives when given both physical exercise and mental challenges. A quick walk around the block will not be enough for most individuals. Owners should expect to provide at least one to two hours of activity every day, ideally split between brisk walks, off leash running in safe areas and focused training or games that engage the dog’s mind.

Because of their hunting heritage, many Black Norwegian Elkhounds love to explore new scents, follow trails and investigate the environment. This can be both a joy and a challenge. On one hand, it means they are enthusiastic about outdoor adventures, hiking in the forest or joining you on long countryside walks. On the other hand, a strong hunting instinct can make recall more difficult, especially when the dog has picked up a fresh scent. Investing time in reliable recall training, and using long lines where necessary, is essential for safety.

When it comes to training, the breed responds best to patient, consistent and positive methods. Harsh corrections or heavy handed handling can damage trust and make the dog more stubborn. Instead, use rewards such as food treats, praise and play. Short, varied training sessions keep their interest better than long repetitions of the same exercise. Try to mix obedience exercises with practical tasks. For example, you might practice recall and sits during a walk, ask the dog to wait politely before crossing the road or use obedience cues in daily routines such as mealtimes.

Owners who want to tap into the breed’s natural abilities can explore activities like:

- Nose work and scent games at home or in the garden  
- Tracking or mantrailing, which mirror elements of hunting work  
- Hiking or canicross, where the dog can run on a harness and help pull  
- Agility or rally obedience, if the dog enjoys structured sports  

While the Norwegian Elkhound, Black may not always be as instantly biddable as some herding breeds, many individuals perform very well in various dog sports when handlers understand how to motivate them. They enjoy tasks that have a clear purpose and allow them to use their natural strengths such as endurance, problem solving and using their nose.

Mental stimulation is as important as physical exercise. A bored elkhound is more likely to bark, dig or become inventive in ways that owners may not appreciate. Puzzle toys, chew items, scent searches in the house or garden and trick training sessions can all help keep their minds engaged. Even simple games like hiding a favourite toy for the dog to find can be very satisfying for them.

Young dogs need particular care. A Norwegian Elkhound, Black puppy is full of energy, but its joints and bones are still developing. Long runs or hard exercise on asphalt should be avoided until the dog is fully grown. Focus on shorter, frequent outings, gentle play and early training in good manners, such as walking on a loose lead, coming when called and settling calmly indoors.

For the right owner, training and exercising a Norwegian Elkhound, Black is not a chore but a shared way of life. They are happiest when they can join you in outdoor activities and when they feel that they have a role to play in your daily routine.

## Health

The Norwegian Elkhound, Black is generally a robust and hardy breed, shaped by generations of work in demanding Scandinavian conditions. Most individuals are healthy, energetic dogs with a lifespan typically around 12 to 14 years, sometimes longer with good care. However, like all breeds, they can be predisposed to certain health issues that responsible breeders and owners should be aware of.

Orthopaedic problems such as hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia can occur. These conditions affect the joints and may cause pain, lameness or reduced mobility, especially in older dogs. Reputable breeders usually screen their breeding dogs with official hip and elbow scoring schemes and select only those with acceptable results. For puppy buyers, asking about these test results is an important part of choosing a responsible breeder.

Eye conditions can also be seen in some lines. Examples include hereditary cataracts and other issues that may affect vision. Many kennel clubs and national breed clubs recommend regular eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist for breeding animals. A puppy from eye tested parents has a better chance of good eye health, although no test can give an absolute guarantee.

Some elkhounds are prone to being overweight, especially when they live a more sedentary life than their working ancestors. Extra kilos place strain on joints and can contribute to other health problems such as diabetes or reduced endurance. Keeping the dog at an ideal weight through appropriate feeding and regular exercise is one of the simplest and most effective ways to support long term health.

The dense double coat usually protects the skin well, but a few individuals may experience skin irritations, hot spots or allergies. Regular grooming helps you notice any issues early, such as redness, excessive scratching or flaky skin. Because the breed is often very stoic, they may not show obvious discomfort, so a quick health check during grooming can be helpful.

Responsible breeders often follow recommended health testing programs which can include:

- Hip and elbow evaluations  
- Eye examinations  
- In some countries, additional DNA tests if relevant for the line  

When you are considering a Norwegian Elkhound, Black puppy, ask the breeder about the health history of the parents and close relatives. A good breeder will be open about both strengths and weaknesses in their lines and can explain what they are doing to maintain or improve health.

Routine veterinary care is important throughout the dog’s life. Regular check ups, vaccinations according to local guidelines, deworming and parasite prevention all contribute to overall wellbeing. Dental care is sometimes overlooked in medium sized working breeds, but tartar and gum disease can still become a problem. Daily or frequent tooth brushing can greatly reduce the risk of dental issues later on.

With thoughtful breeding, appropriate exercise, balanced nutrition and regular veterinary care, the Norwegian Elkhound, Black can enjoy many active and healthy years, remaining lively and engaged well into old age.

## History & Origins

The Norwegian Elkhound, Black shares much of its background with the broader family of Nordic hunting spitzes. These dogs have a long history in Scandinavia, where people needed reliable hunting companions capable of working in dense forests and harsh climates. Archaeological findings suggest that spitz type dogs similar to elkhounds have been present in the region for thousands of years, accompanying hunters and settlers as they followed game and adapted to changing landscapes.

The term “elkhound” comes from the tradition of using these dogs to hunt large game, particularly moose, which is often called “elk” in Scandinavian languages. The dogs were expected to search silently for game, then hold it at bay by barking once they found it. The steady, rhythmic barking helped the hunter locate the dog and the animal in the deep forest. This style of hunting required a dog that was independent, courageous and persistent, with great stamina and a strong voice.

Within this broader group, a darker type of hunting spitz existed alongside the better known grey elkhound. The black variety was valued for its visibility in snowy landscapes and its clear outline in the forest. While the grey Norwegian Elkhound was recognised earlier by kennel clubs and became more widespread internationally, the black variety remained more local and less common. Over time, dedicated breeders in Norway worked to preserve and stabilise the characteristics of the black elkhound as a distinct breed.

Eventually, kennel clubs in Scandinavia and international organisations recognised the Norwegian Elkhound, Black as a separate breed with its own standard. Compared with the grey elkhound, the black version is often described as slightly lighter and more agile, with a sharper outline and, of course, a solid black coat. Despite these differences, both share many traits, including strong hunting instincts, loyalty to their handler and the ability to work independently in demanding terrain.

Today, the Norwegian Elkhound, Black is still used as a hunting dog in its homeland, particularly for moose and sometimes for other large game. In modern Scandinavia, many owners follow long traditions of hunting in autumn, where dog and handler work as a close team. The breed’s excellent nose, persistence and clear barking remain highly valued qualities.

Outside of hunting circles, the black elkhound has slowly gained admirers as a companion and versatile all round dog. It can take part in various dog sports, such as tracking, nose work, agility or obedience, although its independent nature can present a unique training challenge. Some individuals also work in roles that make use of their keen senses and endurance, such as search and rescue or long distance trekking companions.

Although still relatively rare compared to many more popular breeds, the Norwegian Elkhound, Black attracts people who appreciate its connection to Nordic history and traditional hunting culture. For many owners, living with this breed is a way to keep a small piece of Scandinavian heritage alive, while enjoying the company of a proud, capable and deeply loyal dog.

## Living with the Breed

Choosing to live with a Norwegian Elkhound, Black is a commitment to an active, outdoor oriented lifestyle. This is not a dog that is content to lie on the sofa all day, although they do enjoy relaxing with their family after a good amount of exercise. Prospective owners should realistically assess their time, energy and living situation before bringing one home.

In terms of space, the breed adapts reasonably well as long as exercise needs are met. A house with a secure garden is ideal, since it allows for free movement and sniffing between walks. However, a highly dedicated owner in an apartment can also succeed if they provide several substantial walks and mental activities every day. The key factor is not square meters indoors, but structured daily activity and meaningful interaction.

Barking is worth considering in shared living spaces. The Norwegian Elkhound, Black has a natural tendency to use its voice. With training and careful management, you can reduce excessive barking, but completely silent behaviour is unrealistic. If you live in a very noise sensitive environment, think carefully about whether this breed fits your circumstances.

The level of commitment is medium to high. Daily life with this breed typically includes:

- At least one long walk or hike, plus additional shorter outings  
- Regular training sessions for manners and mental stimulation  
- Weekly grooming outside of shedding seasons, daily when shedding heavily  
- Ongoing socialisation to maintain polite behaviour around people and other dogs  

Financially, costs are in the same range as for many medium sized, active breeds. The main expenses include high quality food, routine veterinary care, pet insurance where available, grooming tools, training classes and suitable outdoor equipment. An approximate annual budget might include:

- Food and treats, especially if you choose a quality diet suited for active dogs  
- Regular vaccinations, parasite prevention and annual health checks  
- Insurance premiums, which help cover costs for accidents or illness  
- Replacement of harnesses, leads, beds and toys over time  

Because the Norwegian Elkhound, Black is particularly fond of outdoor work, some specific pieces of equipment can be very useful. A well fitting harness is essential for activities like hiking or canicross. A long line allows the dog to explore more freely while you maintain control in areas where off leash running is not safe. Reflective gear or a bright collar can help make a dark coated dog more visible during evening walks or in dense forest.

At home, this breed appreciates a comfortable bed in a quiet corner where it can rest, but it also wants to be near its people. Most do not enjoy being isolated for long hours every day. If you work full time away from home, consider arrangements such as a dog walker, dog day care or a trusted friend who can visit during the day. A bored elkhound with too much time alone may develop unwanted behaviours such as excessive barking or destructive chewing.

Families who enjoy hiking, camping, forest walks or cross country skiing often find the Norwegian Elkhound, Black to be a perfect match. The dog can trot along for hours, happily carrying a small backpack once fully grown, or helping to pull in a harness. In more urban settings, they can still thrive if their owners are committed to regular trips to nature areas and provide enough mental challenges through training and games.

Ultimately, living with a Norwegian Elkhound, Black is about partnership. This is a dog that wants to be included in your daily life, not left in the background. In return for your time, patience and care, you gain a loyal, entertaining and capable companion with strong roots in Nordic tradition and a big personality packed into a medium sized body.

Norwegian Elkhound, Black

Norsk Kennel Klub (Norwegian Kennel Club)

The Kennel Club (United Kingdom)

Medium, powerful black spitz with curled tail, bred in Scandinavia to track and hold moose and other large game. Alert, vocal and loyal, it needs plenty of daily exercise and mental work. Robust and weatherproof, it suits experienced, active owners and remains rare outside its homeland.

Havanese vs Norwegian Elkhound, Black

Characteristics

Summary

Similar breeds