## Quick Facts

- Ancient companion breed believed to have charmed nobility and traders around the Mediterranean for centuries  
- Small, sturdy toy dog with a long, white, silky coat that does not have an undercoat  
- Affectionate and people focused, often described as a “Velcro dog” that loves staying close to its owner  
- Adaptable to city apartments or houses, provided it gets daily walks and mental stimulation  
- Needs regular coat care and dental care, but usually has a long lifespan when well looked after  

## Appearance & Coat

The Maltese is a small toy breed, but there is more substance to this dog than many people expect at first glance. Under the flowing white coat there is a compact, balanced little body with good structure and surprising agility. Adult Maltese typically stand around 20 to 25 centimeters at the shoulder, with only slight differences between males and females. They should never look fragile or spindly. A well bred Maltese feels solid when you pick it up, with a straight back, well set tail and well proportioned head.

The head is one of the breed’s real charms. The skull is slightly rounded with a gently defined stop, dark round eyes, and a black nose that stands out against the white fur. The expression is alert, gentle and intelligent. Ears are dropped and covered in long hair that blends into the rest of the coat. The muzzle should not be extremely short, which helps with breathing and dental health.

The coat is one of the main reasons people fall in love with the Maltese. It is long, flat and silky in texture, with no woolly undercoat. The breed standard calls for pure white, although very slight lemon or pale ivory shading can sometimes appear on the ears. Because there is no undercoat, many owners with allergies find the Maltese more tolerable than many shedding breeds, although no dog can be guaranteed hypoallergenic.

In full coat the hair can reach the ground and flow beautifully around the dog, especially in the show ring. At home, however, many pet owners choose a shorter “puppy cut” for ease of care. A full coat requires daily attention. This usually includes:

- Gently brushing and combing the coat every day to prevent tangles  
- Checking behind the ears, under the legs and around the tail where mats form easily  
- Using a detangling spray to avoid breaking the fine hair  

Regular bathing is important, typically every one to three weeks depending on lifestyle. Always rinse thoroughly and dry the coat completely to avoid skin irritation. Because the hair around the eyes is white, tearing can create stains. Many owners carefully wipe the eye area daily with a damp cloth and keep the hair trimmed to reduce irritation. The hair on the feet and around the pads should also be trimmed, which helps with traction and keeps dirt from spreading through the house.

Although the show coat is breathtaking, do not feel guilty if you prefer a neat, manageable trim. A well groomed Maltese in a shorter coat is often much more comfortable for busy families. What matters most is that the coat is clean, free of mats and brushed often enough to keep the dog comfortable and the skin healthy.

## Temperament & Personality

The Maltese has been bred for centuries as a companion, and this shines through in the way the breed behaves in daily life. This is a dog that genuinely enjoys being with people. Most Maltese want to sit on your lap, follow you from room to room and sleep close by at night. They form very strong bonds with their owners and can be surprisingly sensitive to changes in mood or routine.

In a family, the Maltese is often a cheerful, lively presence. Many are playful well into old age and enjoy gentle games and short bursts of zooming around the living room. With children, they can be loving and patient, but their small size means that supervision is essential. Young kids must be taught how to handle a little dog carefully. Rough play, grabbing or dropping can easily cause injury. In families where children are calm and respectful, the Maltese is usually a devoted little friend who will happily take part in story time on the sofa or quiet play on the floor.

With strangers, the breed can range from outgoing and social to a bit reserved. A well socialized Maltese typically greets visitors with wagging tail and curiosity. Others may stand back, bark a little to alert their owners and then slowly warm up. Early exposure to different people, sounds and environments helps them develop confidence. Despite their size, many Maltese make surprisingly good watchdogs and will announce visitors with a clear, high bark.

Around other pets, Maltese usually do well when introduced correctly. They often enjoy the company of other small dogs and can get on with larger dogs that are gentle and calm. However, their boldness can get them into trouble if they challenge big, boisterous dogs. When it comes to cats, many Maltese live peacefully with them, especially if raised together from a young age. Their playful nature can either delight a friendly cat or annoy one that prefers solitude, so introductions should be done gradually.

One of the more common challenges with the breed is separation anxiety. Because they love being with their humans, Maltese can become stressed when left alone for long periods. This may show up as barking, whining, destructive chewing or soiling indoors. Building independence from puppyhood helps. Short, positive absences, safe chew toys, and calm departures and arrivals are all useful.

Another issue some owners face is excessive barking. The Maltese is alert and attentive, which can turn into yappy behavior if not managed. Teaching a quiet cue, giving the dog enough mental stimulation, and avoiding reinforcing barking (for example, rushing to the dog every time it makes a sound) are important strategies. Despite these challenges, most people who share their life with a Maltese describe them as funny, affectionate, clever and endlessly loyal. They are small dogs with big personalities, and they thrive in homes where their emotional needs are taken seriously.

## Training & Exercise

Although the Maltese is a toy breed, it should never be thought of as a toy in the sense of a decoration or accessory. This is an intelligent dog that benefits greatly from training and regular exercise. The good news is that their size and willingness to interact with people make them very rewarding to train, even for first time dog owners, provided the methods are gentle and consistent.

The Maltese responds best to positive reinforcement. That means using food rewards, praise, toys and play rather than harsh corrections. They can be quite sensitive, and raised voices or rough handling will usually shut them down or make them anxious. Short, fun training sessions work best. Many owners find that three to five minutes a few times per day is more effective than one long lesson. Because Maltese are often food motivated, tiny treats can be powerful rewards, but you should keep portion sizes small to avoid weight gain.

Basic obedience such as sit, down, come, and walking nicely on a leash should be taught from an early age. House training can take patience with small breeds, as their bladders are tiny and they need frequent toilet breaks. A consistent routine and close supervision indoors make a big difference. Some owners use indoor puppy pads at first, then gradually shift to outdoor toileting as the dog matures. Staying calm and avoiding punishment for accidents helps the dog learn faster.

In terms of exercise, Maltese do not require marathon runs, but they are not content to be carried everywhere either. Most adults enjoy one or two moderate walks per day, combined with playtime and mental stimulation. A typical daily routine might include:

- A 20 to 30 minute walk in the morning at the dog’s own pace  
- Short training or puzzle games during the day  
- Another shorter walk or play session in the evening  

They often love interactive games such as fetch with a soft toy, searching for treats hidden around the room, or learning simple tricks. Many Maltese excel in activities like rally obedience, heelwork to music and even agility, as long as the equipment is adjusted for their size. These sports strengthen the bond between dog and owner and provide valuable mental exercise.

Because of their small frame, care should be taken to avoid activities that are too rough or high impact. Jumping off furniture, running stairs frequently or leaping from your arms can lead to injuries. Using ramps or steps to help your Maltese get on and off sofas or beds can be very helpful. Walking on varied surfaces, such as grass, gravel and forest paths, can help strengthen muscles and keep joints healthy without too much strain.

In hot weather, keep exercise sessions short and avoid the hottest part of the day, especially if your Maltese is in full coat. In cold or wet conditions, they may appreciate a light, waterproof coat to stay comfortable. The key point is that a Maltese should be active and engaged, but always within safe limits for its size. A well exercised Maltese that uses both body and brain is usually calmer, happier and easier to live with.

## Health

The Maltese is generally a long lived breed, and many individuals reach their early to mid teens with good care. However, like all breeds, there are some health concerns that potential owners should be aware of. Responsible breeders work hard to reduce the risk of these issues by careful selection of breeding dogs and relevant health testing.

One common concern in small breeds is dental disease. The small mouth and close set teeth of a Maltese can easily lead to tartar build up, gum inflammation and tooth loss if not managed. Daily or at least frequent tooth brushing with dog safe toothpaste is highly recommended. Regular dental checks by a veterinarian and professional cleaning when necessary help prevent more serious problems such as infections that can affect the heart, kidneys or liver.

Patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, is another condition seen in the breed. This can cause intermittent lameness, skipping steps or discomfort when moving. In mild cases, management through weight control and careful exercise may be enough. More severe cases sometimes require surgical correction. Breeders can have their dogs’ knees examined and graded to help reduce the incidence of this problem.

Some Maltese may be prone to issues such as:

- Legg Calvé Perthes disease, which affects the hip joint in young small breed dogs  
- Eye problems such as tear staining, dry eye or cataracts in older dogs  
- Collapsing trachea, a condition where the windpipe weakens, leading to coughing or breathing difficulty  

Good breeding practices and regular veterinary care reduce the risk and impact of these conditions. It is important for new owners to choose breeders who are open about the health of their dogs and who follow recommended test protocols where available. While the specifics can vary by country, checks such as patella evaluations, eye examinations and general health assessments of breeding animals are common.

Maintaining a healthy body weight is essential for the Maltese. Extra kilos put unnecessary strain on joints and the heart. Measuring food portions, limiting treats and keeping the dog active are simple but powerful steps. A high quality diet appropriate for age and size, along with access to fresh water at all times, supports overall wellbeing.

Routine preventive care should not be overlooked. This includes vaccinations according to local veterinary guidelines, parasite prevention and regular wellness checks. Because the Maltese often lives into advanced age, senior health care becomes important later in life. Annual or semiannual vet visits for blood tests, dental checks and mobility assessments help catch problems early, when they are usually easier to manage.

With attentive care, many Maltese enjoy a long, comfortable life from puppyhood to senior years. Owners who are prepared to invest time in grooming, dental care, weight management and veterinary visits usually find that their little companion remains active, bright and full of personality well into old age.

## History & Origins

The Maltese is one of the oldest known companion dog breeds, and its early history is wrapped in a mix of fact, trade routes and legend. What is fairly clear is that small, white lapdogs existed around the Mediterranean for many centuries. They were especially associated with ports and trading centers, where goods and ideas moved between cultures. The name suggests a connection with the island of Malta, but the term has sometimes been used more broadly in history to refer to parts of the Mediterranean region.

Ancient writings and artworks from civilizations such as the Greeks and Romans show small, refined dogs that closely resemble the Maltese. These dogs were often kept by noblewomen and wealthy families. They were prized for their beauty, gentle nature and ability to provide warmth and comfort. Some descriptions even mention them being carried in sleeves or cloaks, a sign of their cherished status in households where luxury and refinement were important.

Over time, these little dogs spread across Europe, often as gifts among the upper classes. They appear in paintings hanging in the homes of aristocrats, usually shown on cushions or in the laps of elegantly dressed ladies. Their role was very clear. They were companions, not workers. While other breeds were developed for herding, hunting or guarding, the Maltese was refined specifically to be a pleasant and attractive house dog.

As dog breeding became more formalized in the 19th and early 20th centuries, various small white companion dogs were classified into distinct breeds. The Maltese took its modern form through careful selection for size, coat and temperament. Breed clubs and kennel clubs helped define the standard and preserve the unique look of the dog. The long, white, silky coat became a signature feature, along with the gentle expression and friendly nature.

Throughout these changes, the essential purpose of the Maltese remained the same. This has never been a breed bred for field work or heavy tasks. Instead, the Maltese has always been valued for the close bond it forms with people, its lively charm and its role as a source of comfort and companionship. Today, the breed is found in homes all over the world. It is still seen in the show ring, where breeders demonstrate their work in maintaining type and quality. At the same time, countless Maltese live as beloved family pets in cities and rural areas alike.

In modern life, the Maltese fits well into many different situations. They are popular with older owners who appreciate a manageable size and gentle nature, as well as with families who want a small dog that enjoys being part of daily activities. From ancient Mediterranean ports to modern apartments, the Maltese has held onto its identity as a charming, people focused companion.

## Living with the Breed

Sharing your life with a Maltese is a rewarding experience, but it does come with responsibilities that prospective owners should understand in advance. This is not a breed that thrives when left alone for long days or treated as a decorative pet. A Maltese wants to be involved in your routines, whether that is sitting beside you while you work, joining you on walks, or cuddling during a quiet evening at home.

Time commitment is significant, particularly for grooming and companionship. Even if you decide on a shorter pet trim instead of a full show coat, the Maltese still needs regular brushing, bathing and coat maintenance. Plan on spending time each day checking the coat, wiping the eyes and ensuring there are no tangles. Weekly or fortnightly bathing, nail trimming, ear cleaning and tooth brushing all take dedication. Many owners also schedule regular professional grooming sessions every four to eight weeks, depending on coat length and lifestyle.

Financially, a Maltese is not usually the most expensive breed to feed, due to its small size, but there are ongoing costs to consider. Annual expenses can include:

- Quality food formulated for small dogs  
- Routine veterinary care, vaccinations and parasite prevention  
- Possible dental cleanings under anesthesia  
- Grooming tools and professional grooming fees  
- Pet insurance, which many owners choose for peace of mind  

While exact amounts vary by country, it is wise to budget not only for everyday care, but also for unexpected vet visits. Small dogs can be injured relatively easily, and insurance or a reserved fund can make difficult decisions less stressful.

In terms of daily living, the Maltese is usually well suited to apartment life or homes without large gardens, as long as it receives regular walks and play. Because they are light and portable, they travel fairly easily, whether by car or public transport. Many owners appreciate being able to take their Maltese on holidays or day trips. Secure harnesses, comfortable travel bags and soft blankets help create a safe space when on the move.

At home, it is helpful to adapt the environment for a small dog. For example, using dog steps or ramps to allow access to sofas or beds can prevent jumping injuries. Baby gates can restrict access to stairs or rooms where the dog might be at risk. Small breed dogs can also feel the cold more, so a cozy bed, soft blankets and perhaps a warm coat for winter walks are sensible investments.

Mentally, the Maltese needs as much attention as physically. These dogs are often happiest when they have some form of “job”, even if that is simply performing tricks, taking part in training classes or being your shadow during daily tasks. Interactive toys, puzzle feeders and gentle play sessions all help keep boredom at bay. Too little stimulation can lead to barking, clinginess or destructive habits.

New owners should be prepared to set boundaries kindly but firmly from the beginning. It can be tempting to allow a cute Maltese puppy to get away with behavior that would not be tolerated in a larger dog, such as constant barking, jumping up or guarding a lap. Early training and clear routines help prevent these habits from forming. Remember that small does not mean less of a dog. A Maltese will be happier and more relaxed when it understands what is expected and feels secure in its place in the family.

For people who can offer time, affection, and consistent care, living with a Maltese is often deeply satisfying. Their loyalty, playful spirit and desire to be close create a strong bond. Many owners say that once they have had a Maltese, they cannot imagine life without the gentle presence of this small but spirited companion at their side.

Maltese

The Kennel Club (UK)

Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

The Maltese is a small, sturdy companion dog with a long, white silky coat and expressive dark eyes. Affectionate and people oriented, it adapts well to apartments with daily walks. It needs regular grooming, dental care and gentle training, and often enjoys a long, active life.

## Quick Facts

- One of the smallest terriers, but packed with confidence and character.  
- Bred as a hardworking ratter on farms and in stables, so still loves to hunt and explore.  
- Distinctive prick ears and a slightly foxy expression that gives a bright, alert look.  
- Weather resistant, “wash and wear” harsh coat that needs regular tidying rather than heavy grooming.  
- Generally sturdy and long lived, often remaining playful and lively well into their senior years.  


## Appearance & Coat

The Norwich Terrier is a small, compact dog, but people are often surprised by how solid and sturdy this little terrier feels when they pick one up. The ideal height is around 25 to 26 centimeters at the withers, with a weight that typically falls between 5 and 6 kilograms, although some healthy dogs sit just outside this range. The body is short and well knit, with good bone and substance. Nothing about the Norwich should look fragile or fine boned. They were bred as working terriers, so the overall impression is of a small but capable dog that could fit into tight spaces, yet still stand its ground.

The head is one of the most charming features. Norwich Terriers have a slightly rounded skull, a strong muzzle, and a distinct stop. Their dark, oval eyes are bright and full of expression, often giving an impression of curiosity and mischief. Pricked, medium sized ears sit well apart and are carried erect, which adds to the alert and foxy expression that many owners fall in love with. The tail is usually of moderate length, set high and carried gaily when the dog is on the move, although not curled over the back.

The coat is a big part of the breed’s character. Norwich Terriers wear a harsh, straight, weather resistant outer coat with a dense and softer undercoat. The body coat should feel tight and almost wiry to the touch, never soft or fluffy. Around the neck and shoulders there is often a thicker ruff that gives a slightly lion like look, while the hair on the head and ears is shorter and smoother, with enough hair on the muzzle to form gentle whiskers but not a full beard.

Accepted colors include:

- Red, from light wheaten to deep rich red  
- Black and tan  
- Grizzle  
- Wheaten  

White markings are not typical and are generally discouraged in the show ring, although a small patch is not unusual in pets.

Coat care for a Norwich Terrier is fairly manageable compared with many other breeds, but it is important to maintain the correct texture. Regular brushing, about two to three times a week, helps remove loose hair and prevent tangles, especially around the ruff and hindquarters. A slicker brush and a metal comb usually work well. Many owners also learn basic hand stripping, which means gently pulling out dead outer coat by hand or with a stripping knife. This keeps the coat harsh and weatherproof. Clipping is possible for pet dogs, but it tends to soften the coat and can make it more prone to matting and absorbing dirt.

Bathing should be done only when needed, since frequent baths can strip the natural oils that protect the coat and skin. A mild dog shampoo, followed by thorough rinsing and drying, is usually enough. Check ears regularly for wax and debris, trim nails every few weeks, and keep an eye on dental health. Their small mouths can be prone to tartar, so regular tooth brushing is very helpful. With sensible grooming and attention to coat texture, the Norwich Terrier remains a smart, practical little dog who always looks ready for action.  


## Temperament & Personality

Life with a Norwich Terrier is rarely dull. This is a big personality in a small body, often described as fearless, game, and full of fun. At the same time, a well bred and well socialized Norwich is also known for being more easy going and less sharp than some other terrier breeds. They tend to bond very closely with their families and usually prefer being involved in every part of household life instead of being left on the sidelines.

Around the home, the Norwich Terrier often follows their people from room to room, always interested in what is happening. Many owners describe them as “shadows with muddy paws.” They love to curl up on the sofa after a good walk or play session, and while they are certainly active, their energy is not usually excessive as long as their needs for exercise and mental stimulation are met. Indoors, they can be fairly calm, but they switch to full “on duty” mode the moment the doorbell rings or a squirrel dares to cross the garden.

With children, Norwich Terriers are generally affectionate and playful, especially if they have grown up with them. Their sturdy body and confident nature often make them more tolerant of the noise and bustle of family life than some other toy sized breeds. That said, they are still small dogs and should be treated with respect. Young children need to be taught how to handle them gently, and interactions should always be supervised to avoid accidents such as rough grabbing or falling on the dog. When treated kindly, many Norwich become wonderful childhood companions who join in games and love being part of family routines.

With other dogs, Norwich Terriers can be sociable if well introduced and socialized from puppyhood. They are terriers, so they may not back down if challenged, but most are not naturally quarrelsome. Care around much larger and boisterous dogs is sensible to prevent injury. With cats and small pets, their strong prey drive can be a challenge. Some Norwich live peacefully with a resident cat that they have grown up with, but wild animals and small furry pets such as hamsters or rabbits are likely to trigger their natural hunting instincts.

Common challenges often relate to this terrier heritage. Norwich Terriers like to bark to announce visitors or interesting noises, which makes them good little watchdogs but can cause tension with neighbors if not guided early. They may dig in the garden in search of imaginary prey, and their curiosity can tempt them to follow an interesting scent under a fence. Good fencing and supervision in the garden are therefore important. Separation anxiety can appear in dogs that are left alone for many hours, since they tend to thrive on companionship. A Norwich Terrier is happiest when it can share life closely with its people, not when it is treated as a decorative accessory.  


## Training & Exercise

Norwich Terriers are intelligent and motivated dogs, but they also come with a dash of terrier independence. Successful training usually combines patience, consistency, and a good sense of humor. They respond extremely well to positive reinforcement methods that use food, toys, and praise as rewards. Harsh corrections or heavy handed handling can damage their trust and may make them stubborn or worried instead of cooperative.

Basic obedience training should start early, ideally from the day the puppy comes home. Short, varied sessions work best, since Norwich Terriers can lose interest if work becomes repetitive. Simple cues such as “sit,” “down,” “come,” and “leave it” are important, as is reliable recall. Because of their instinct to chase small animals, a solid recall is one of the most valuable skills you can teach. Many owners find that using a long training line outdoors during the learning phase allows the dog some freedom while still keeping everyone safe.

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Norwich Terriers enjoy problem solving, so games and training that ask them to think can be very satisfying. They often excel at:

- Clicker training of tricks and fun behaviors  
- Nose work games, such as searching for hidden treats or toys  
- Interactive puzzle feeders and slow feeding bowls  
- Beginner level agility or rally activities  

Formal dog sports are not a requirement, but they can be a great outlet for an energetic Norwich and a lovely way to strengthen the bond between dog and owner.

In terms of exercise, the Norwich Terrier is more active than its size suggests. Most adults need around one to one and a half hours of daily activity, spread across walks, play, and free exploration. A typical day might include a brisk morning walk, some play time or training games during the afternoon, and a shorter evening stroll. They usually enjoy off lead running in safe, enclosed areas. Many Norwich love to chase balls and play tug, and some enjoy paddling or swimming in safe water once they have been gently introduced.

Young puppies should not be over exercised, since their bones and joints are still developing. Short, frequent outings and gentle play are better than long hikes. As the dog matures, you can gradually increase distance and intensity. Adult Norwich Terriers often enjoy longer countryside walks and can keep up surprisingly well, but it is wise to build fitness slowly and pay attention to very hot weather, as their small bodies can overheat faster than a larger, leaner breed.

Because they are bright and sometimes a little too self assured, Norwich Terriers will take advantage of inconsistency. Clear rules and routines help them understand what is expected. For example, decide early whether your dog will be allowed on the sofa or bed, and stick to it. Many owners find crate training useful for managing rest periods and creating a safe space, especially during puppyhood. When training is fun, varied, and fair, the Norwich Terrier tends to become a cheerful and keen partner who loves to show off what it has learned.  


## Health

The Norwich Terrier is generally considered a robust and healthy breed, especially compared with some larger or more heavily exaggerated breeds. Their moderate structure, natural tail, and functional body preserve much of the soundness required in a working terrier. Many Norwich live well into their teens, with 12 to 14 years being common when they receive good care, a healthy diet, and sensible exercise.

Like all breeds, they have some health issues that occur more frequently than in the general dog population. Responsible breeders work to reduce these risks through health testing, thoughtful breeding choices, and careful monitoring of lines.

Some conditions that are known in the breed include:

- Respiratory issues such as upper airway problems and a condition known as Norwich Terrier Upper Airway Syndrome, which can involve noisy breathing, gagging, or exercise intolerance in affected dogs  
- Eye conditions, including cataracts and other inherited eye diseases  
- Patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, which can cause lameness or an odd skipping gait  
- Hip dysplasia, less common in this small breed than in large dogs, but still monitored in many countries  
- Dental issues, as with many small breeds, including tartar buildup and occasional tooth crowding  

Health testing recommendations can vary by country and kennel club, but may include eye examinations, knee checks, and in some regions, respiratory evaluations and hip scoring. Prospective puppy buyers should feel comfortable asking breeders what health tests they carry out and how they use the results in planning their litters. A caring breeder will be open about the strengths and weaknesses in their lines and will explain how they aim to improve the health and temperament of future generations.

Routine veterinary care plays a big role in keeping a Norwich Terrier healthy. Regular checkups, vaccinations or titer testing according to local guidelines, and parasite control for fleas, ticks, and worms are all important. Preventive dental care is particularly valuable. Brushing the dog’s teeth several times a week with canine toothpaste can greatly reduce the risk of periodontal disease, which in turn supports overall health, including heart and kidney function.

Weight management deserves close attention. Because the Norwich Terrier is compact and small, just a kilogram of extra weight represents a significant percentage of their body mass. Extra weight can put pressure on joints, worsen breathing issues, and reduce energy levels. A good quality, balanced diet appropriate for the dog’s age, activity level, and any special needs, combined with portion control and regular exercise, helps maintain an ideal body condition.

Owners should be aware of early signs that might indicate health concerns, such as changes in breathing sounds, reduced exercise tolerance, persistent coughing, cloudiness in the eyes, changes in gait, or reluctance to jump. Early veterinary assessment usually leads to better outcomes. With informed breeding practices and attentive lifelong care, most Norwich Terriers enjoy many years of active, affectionate companionship.  


## History & Origins

The Norwich Terrier comes from the historic county of Norfolk in eastern England, an area known for its farms, stables, and bustling market towns. The breed developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as a small, agile working terrier whose main job was to control rats and other vermin. Farmers, horsemen, and stable workers valued a dog that could fit into tight spaces, had the courage to face determined pests, and still be friendly and manageable around people and other dogs.

The early Norwich type likely arose from mixing various small terriers that were common in the region at the time, including red and wheaten working terriers that bore some resemblance to today’s Cairn and Irish Terriers. These little dogs were sometimes known locally as “Cantab” terriers, especially around Cambridge, where they gained popularity among students who kept them as both companions and ratters in college rooms and stables.

Originally, both prick eared and drop eared varieties were considered the same breed. Over time, enthusiasts began to focus more carefully on type and standardization. In 1932, the breed was officially recognized under the name Norwich Terrier, taking its name from the city of Norwich. For many years, both ear types were registered together. However, the differences in appearance and breeding became more distinct, leading eventually to a formal separation. In the 1960s, kennel clubs in several countries recognized the prick eared dogs as Norwich Terriers and the drop eared dogs as a separate but closely related breed, the Norfolk Terrier.

Despite their small size, Norwich Terriers retained their working character. They were used not only for farm and stable work but also sometimes for bolting foxes, although they were never large enough to take on such quarry directly. Their courage, persistence, and compact build made them valuable companions wherever vermin were a problem.

As the twentieth century progressed and the need for working ratters declined, the Norwich Terrier gradually transitioned into a companion and show dog. The breed’s cheerful attitude, portability, and manageable coat helped it gain admirers in Britain, Scandinavia, and North America, and later across the world. Breed clubs formed to protect and promote the Norwich Terrier, focusing on preserving sound structure, stable temperament, and the tough, weather resistant coat that spoke of its working past.

Today, the Norwich Terrier is rarely used as a professional ratter, but the instincts remain. Many enjoy earthdog trials, tracking games, and other activities that mimic their traditional work. Above all, they are cherished as lively, affectionate family companions that bring a touch of old farmhouse spirit into modern homes. Their history as a practical, hardworking terrier still shapes their character, making the Norwich Terrier a small dog of real substance and determination.  


## Living with the Breed

Bringing a Norwich Terrier into your home means committing to an engaging, energetic companion who wants to be fully involved in your daily life. This is not a breed that thrives when left alone for long working days without company or stimulation. They fit well into many types of households, from single owners in apartments to active families in houses with gardens, as long as their social and exercise needs are met.

In terms of space, Norwich Terriers adapt well to smaller homes, provided they receive enough outdoor time and mental stimulation. A securely fenced garden is ideal but not essential if you can offer several good walks every day. Because of their hunting instincts, a secure environment is important. Gaps under fences, loose boards, or easy escape routes can all tempt a curious Norwich. Many owners choose solid fencing rather than low decorative borders, and some supervise all garden time to prevent digging or adventurous exploration.

The daily routine with a Norwich Terrier often includes a mix of walks, play, and relaxation. They appreciate structure. Morning and evening walks at roughly the same times each day, regular feeding times, and consistent rules help them feel secure. They particularly enjoy being involved in family activities, such as car trips, visits to dog friendly cafés, or watching sports in the park. The more they are included, the happier they tend to be.

Financially, owning a Norwich Terrier involves similar costs to other small pedigree dogs. Initial expenses include the purchase price, vaccinations, microchipping, spaying or neutering if appropriate, a crate or bed, bowls, grooming tools, a harness or collar, lead, toys, and insurance if you choose to take it. Ongoing annual costs usually involve:

- Quality food  
- Routine veterinary care and vaccinations  
- Parasite prevention  
- Grooming, especially if you use a professional for hand stripping  
- Pet insurance or a savings fund for unexpected veterinary bills  

Grooming costs can vary depending on whether you learn to hand strip at home or visit a groomer regularly. Many owners choose a combination, doing basic maintenance themselves and booking a few professional sessions each year.

Useful equipment for a Norwich Terrier includes a well fitting harness for walks, since small dogs can be prone to neck strain if they pull on a collar. A crate or quiet den area helps with house training and provides a safe retreat. Because they like to chew and play, a variety of durable toys is valuable, including chew toys, small balls that fit safely in their mouth, and soft toys for indoor games. Puzzle feeders or treat dispensing toys are excellent for keeping their clever minds busy, especially when you are occupied with other tasks.

New owners should be prepared to invest time in early socialization. Introducing the puppy to a wide range of people, gentle dogs, sounds, and environments in a positive way helps create a confident adult Norwich Terrier. Puppy training classes run by experienced instructors can be very beneficial. Consistent boundaries and calm leadership help prevent common behavior issues such as excessive barking or possessiveness over toys.

Living with a Norwich Terrier rewards that commitment in many ways. You gain a loyal, lively little dog who is usually ready to walk, play, or simply sit beside you while you relax. Their size makes them easy to transport, and their sturdy temperament means they are often good travelers and adaptable guests. With thoughtful preparation and a realistic view of the time and energy required, a Norwich Terrier fits beautifully into many modern lifestyles, bringing companionship, enthusiasm, and a touch of terrier spirit to every day.

Norwich Terrier

Norwich Terrier Club of Great Britain

Den Norske Kenneklub (Norwegian Kennel Club)

Norwich Terriers are small, sturdy, confident terriers with prick ears, a foxy, alert expression and a harsh, weather‑resistant coat. Bred as farm ratters, they remain lively, curious hunters, need regular exercise, mental stimulation and moderate grooming, and are generally long lived.

Maltese vs Norwich Terrier

Characteristics

Summary

Similar breeds