Icelandic Sheepdog

¶Table of Contents

Sponsored Ad

¶Quick Facts

Native herding dog of Iceland, shaped by centuries of life on windswept farms and volcanic hillsides
Alert, cheerful, and social, the Icelandic Sheepdog is known for its constant “smile” and wagging tail
Medium sized, spitz type breed with prick ears, bushy tail, and a thick weatherproof double coat
Highly vocal communicator that uses barking to herd livestock and alert the family to anything unusual
Versatile companion that can excel in herding, agility, hiking, dog sports, and as an affectionate family dog

¶Appearance & Coat

The Icelandic Sheepdog is a medium sized, lightly built spitz type dog with a lively and athletic outline. At first glance, many people notice the typical spitz features. Erect, triangular ears sit high on the head, the muzzle tapers gently, and the eyes are expressive and friendly. The tail is one of the breed’s trademarks. It curls over the back in a full plume, usually carried high and cheerfully when the dog is moving or excited.

In terms of height, most Icelandic Sheepdogs stand in the small to medium range, which makes them well suited to both country and suburban living. They are sturdy but should never look heavy or coarse. The overall impression is one of agility, quick reactions, and a dog built to work on rough ground for long hours. Their proportions are slightly longer than tall, which helps them cover ground efficiently when herding or accompanying their people on long walks.

The head is wedge shaped without being too sharp. Eyes are typically dark to match the coat color and have a warm, intelligent expression that many owners fall in love with. The ears are highly mobile and help the dog communicate mood and focus. You will often see an Icelandic Sheepdog pricking its ears sharply at any new sound, then softening them when relaxing with family.

The coat is one of the most distinctive features of the breed. Icelandic Sheepdogs have a dense double coat that protects them from wind, rain, and cold. There are two accepted coat lengths, short and long, although both have a thick undercoat. The outer coat is coarse and water repellent, while the undercoat is soft and insulating. The fur is usually shorter on the head and fronts of the legs, and longer on the neck, back of the thighs, and tail, forming a ruff and breeches.

Color is where this breed truly varies. Common colors include:

Various shades of fawn and reddish brown
Cream, tan, or chocolate tones
Black and tan or black based coats
Often with white markings on the face, chest, legs, and tail tip

A black facial mask is sometimes seen, and symmetrical white markings are considered attractive but not required. The wide range of colors adds to the charm and individuality of each dog.

Despite its richness, the coat is not as high maintenance as some people fear. Regular brushing, ideally two to three times a week, helps remove loose hair and prevent tangles, especially behind the ears, under the elbows, and around the breeches and tail. During shedding seasons, usually spring and autumn, daily brushing may be needed to manage the extra hair. A slicker brush and a wide tooth comb or undercoat rake are useful tools for keeping the coat in good shape.

Bathing should be done only when the dog is dirty or has rolled in something unpleasant. The natural oils in the coat help maintain its weather resistance, so frequent shampooing is not recommended. Allow the coat to dry naturally whenever possible, as very hot dryers can dry out the skin. Trimming is limited. You should never shave an Icelandic Sheepdog, as this damages the protective coat structure. A small tidy up of the feet and excess fur around the ears can be helpful but is not mandatory.

Nails need regular trimming, since active outdoor dogs can still develop long, splitting nails if they do not naturally wear them down. Check and clean the ears weekly, as their upright shape usually keeps them healthy but does not guarantee they stay free from debris. With consistent, gentle care, the Icelandic Sheepdog’s coat and overall appearance remain attractive and practical for all sorts of outdoor adventures.

Sponsored Ad

¶Temperament & Personality

The Icelandic Sheepdog is often described as happy, friendly, and full of life. This is not a reserved or aloof breed. Most Icelandic Sheepdogs greet visitors with enthusiasm and curiosity, often wagging their tail so energetically that their whole body seems to move. Their natural friendliness makes them popular with families and neighbors, but it also means they are not typical guard dogs. They will alert you to anything unusual, yet they usually welcome people once they understand that everything is safe.

At home, the Icelandic Sheepdog tends to be affectionate and people oriented. They usually like to be where the action is, following their family from room to room. Many owners report that their dogs seem to enjoy being part of every activity, whether it is working in the garden, helping with barn chores, or curling up nearby while someone is reading. They rarely thrive if left alone for long periods. This is a breed that bonds closely to its people and enjoys companionship.

Around children, Icelandic Sheepdogs can be delightful, as long as both dog and child are taught to behave politely. Their playful, gentle nature often suits family life. They tend to be patient with respectful children and enjoy games in the yard or joining family walks. However, because of their herding instincts, some may try to round up running children by circling or light nipping at clothes. This is not aggression, but a natural working behavior. Early training and supervision help redirect this instinct into appropriate games and reduce the risk of accidental scares or tumbles.

With other dogs, Icelandic Sheepdogs are typically social and easygoing, especially if they have been well socialized from puppyhood. Their confident and balanced temperament usually allows them to get along well with most breeds. As with any dog, there can be individual differences. Some may be more dominant or reserved, so introductions should be done calmly and positively. Their herding background means they are often interested in movement, which can lead them to chase and bark at other dogs during play.

When it comes to smaller pets like cats, rabbits, or chickens, results vary. Many Icelandic Sheepdogs live peacefully with cats if they are introduced at a young age and taught appropriate boundaries. However, a lively chase instinct may appear, especially outdoors or with unfamiliar animals. Secure areas and careful introductions are essential. For farm owners, this natural attentiveness to livestock can be an advantage, as the breed was historically used to keep animals together and safe.

One important aspect of their personality is vocal behavior. Icelandic Sheepdogs are known to be barkers. They use their voice to signal the arrival of visitors, birds in the yard, unusual sounds, or even excitement during play. This can be charming in moderation, but it can also cause friction with close neighbors or in apartments. Potential owners need to be prepared to manage barking through training and routine, and to give the dog enough physical and mental stimulation so that boredom barking is minimized.

Common challenges with the breed include:

Tendency to bark frequently
Sensitivity to being left alone for long hours
Herding related behaviors like circling or chasing
High need for mental engagement and interaction

Despite these challenges, the Icelandic Sheepdog is usually straightforward to live with for committed owners. Their cheerful temperament, eagerness to please, and affectionate nature create strong bonds. Many people find that once they share their home with an Icelandic Sheepdog, they cannot imagine life without the constant companionship and bright personality that this breed offers.

¶Training & Exercise

The Icelandic Sheepdog is intelligent, quick, and often eager to learn, but it also has a lively, independent streak that comes from its working heritage. Farmers in Iceland relied on dogs that could make decisions, adjust to weather and terrain, and manage livestock without constant instructions. As a result, modern Icelandic Sheepdogs often respond best to training that treats them as active partners rather than passive followers.

Positive reinforcement is the most successful approach for this breed. Rewards such as small treats, praise, toys, or access to favorite activities help keep training sessions enjoyable. Harsh corrections or heavy handed discipline usually backfire. An Icelandic Sheepdog may shut down, become stubborn, or simply lose interest if training feels unfair or confusing. Short, varied sessions that end on a good note work far better than repetitive drills.

Because the breed is naturally social and alert, early socialization is very important. Puppy classes, safe meetings with other dogs, gentle exposure to different environments, and positive interactions with people of all ages all help shape a confident adult dog. These experiences also give you valuable opportunities to practice recall, loose leash walking, and focus exercises in real life settings.

Exercise needs for the Icelandic Sheepdog are moderate to high. They are not as intense as some herding breeds, but they are far from couch potatoes. A quick walk around the block will not be enough for most individuals. Good daily routines might include:

One or two brisk walks of at least 30 to 45 minutes
Off leash running in a secure area wherever local laws and safety allow
Play sessions such as fetch, tug, or structured games in the garden
Mental activities like scent games, puzzle toys, or basic obedience practice

They also enjoy more demanding activities. Many Icelandic Sheepdogs excel in dog sports such as agility, rally obedience, tracking, and herding tests. Their agility and enthusiasm make them natural performers, and the close teamwork required in these sports strengthens the human dog relationship. Hiking, camping, and long countryside walks are also well suited to this hardy, weather tolerant dog.

One of the special strengths of the Icelandic Sheepdog is its enthusiasm for work that involves interaction with humans. They like feeling involved and useful. Simple tasks around the home, such as carrying light objects, helping to fetch items, or practicing simple tricks, keep their minds busy. Teaching them to settle on a mat, wait politely at doors, and respond to a reliable recall is just as important as teaching showy tricks.

Common training challenges include:

Distractibility in stimulating environments
Vocal behavior when excited or uncertain
Herding related motion sensitivity and chasing

You can manage these issues with patience and consistency. For example, if your dog tends to bark at every noise, teach a quiet cue by rewarding even short moments of silence and offering an alternative task, such as going to a specific spot. If your dog becomes highly focused on moving objects like bicycles or joggers, start at a distance where the dog can still concentrate, and reward calm behavior while gradually moving closer over time.

Crate training, when done kindly, can be very helpful for this breed. It provides a safe resting place and makes travel, vet visits, and house training easier. Since Icelandic Sheepdogs like being near their people, place the crate in a busy area of the house where your dog will not feel isolated.

Overall, the Icelandic Sheepdog is a breed that thrives on structured activity combined with plenty of affection. When their exercise and mental needs are met, they relax more easily at home and become delightful, manageable companions. Owners who enjoy spending time outdoors, teaching new skills, and being actively involved in their dog’s life will find a rewarding partner in this spirited northern herder.

Sponsored Ad

¶Health

The Icelandic Sheepdog is generally considered a robust and healthy breed, shaped by a long history of working in tough conditions. However, no breed is entirely free from health concerns. Responsible breeders and informed owners play a crucial role in preserving the health and longevity of these dogs.

One area of attention is joint health. Like many medium sized, active breeds, Icelandic Sheepdogs can be prone to hip dysplasia and, less commonly, elbow dysplasia. These conditions involve abnormal development of the joints, which can lead to pain, lameness, or arthritis later in life. Reputable breeders typically screen their breeding dogs with official hip and sometimes elbow evaluations. As an owner, you can support joint health by keeping your dog at a lean weight, avoiding excessive jumping during growth, and providing regular, low impact exercise instead of sudden, intense bursts.

Eye health is another focus. Some lines may carry hereditary eye conditions, such as cataracts or other degenerative diseases. Eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist are often recommended for breeding dogs. Regular vet checks throughout the dog’s life can help detect developing problems early, especially as the dog ages.

Other conditions that have been reported in the breed include:

Patellar luxation, where the kneecap temporarily slips out of place
Certain hereditary neurological or developmental issues identified in limited lines
Allergies or skin sensitivities in some individuals, often mild and manageable

While many Icelandic Sheepdogs live long and active lives without serious health problems, it is important to work with breeders who follow testing recommendations from national or international breed clubs. Prospective owners should feel comfortable asking which health tests have been performed and requesting documentation.

Routine preventive care remains essential. Core vaccinations, parasite control, and regular dental care help maintain overall wellbeing. The dense coat can sometimes hide early signs of skin irritation or lumps, so regular grooming sessions provide an excellent opportunity to check the skin, ears, and body condition. A healthy Icelandic Sheepdog should have clear, bright eyes, clean ears, and good muscle tone.

Managing weight is particularly important. Because they are charming and often very food motivated, it can be easy to overfeed. Extra kilograms place strain on joints and organs and can shorten a dog’s active years. Adjust food portions according to age, activity level, and body condition, and use healthy, small treats during training.

The typical lifespan of an Icelandic Sheepdog often ranges into the early to mid teens, with many dogs reaching 12 to 14 years or more if well cared for. As they age, they may slow down and become less tolerant of extreme activity but still enjoy regular gentle walks and mental stimulation. Senior dogs benefit from comfortable bedding, ramps or steps instead of stairs, and regular veterinary checks to monitor for arthritis, dental disease, or organ changes.

Recommended health practices for owners include:

Annual or biannual veterinary wellness exams
Joint friendly exercise routines and appropriate surfaces
High quality diet adapted to life stage and activity level
Regular teeth brushing or dental chews to support oral health

By combining thoughtful breeding with attentive daily care, many of the potential health risks can be reduced or well managed. In return, most owners enjoy many years with a lively, capable companion who remains keen to participate in family life well into old age.

¶History & Origins

The Icelandic Sheepdog has a history closely tied to the settlement and survival of people in Iceland. It is believed that ancestors of this breed arrived on the island with Norse settlers during the Viking Age. These early dogs likely came from Scandinavian spitz type herding dogs and adapted over centuries to the unique, demanding environment of Iceland.

Life in Iceland has never been easy. Cold, wind, rough terrain, and limited resources shaped both human society and the animals that lived alongside it. The Icelandic Sheepdog developed as an indispensable farm worker. Its main tasks included:

Herding and driving sheep and sometimes horses between grazing areas
Guarding lambs and other livestock from birds of prey and other dangers
Alerting farmers to visitors, stray animals, or anything unusual around the farm

To perform this work, the dogs needed agility, stamina, and keen awareness. Their tendency to bark emerged as a functional trait, helping drive and gather animals and warn off threats. Over time, the breed became deeply woven into Icelandic rural life, so much so that it is often considered a national symbol and part of the country’s cultural heritage.

However, the history of the Icelandic Sheepdog has not been entirely smooth. At several points, the breed faced severe population declines. Harsh epidemics, parasites, and difficult economic times in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries greatly reduced dog numbers on the island. At one point the breed was at real risk of disappearing altogether.

Concerned individuals in Iceland and abroad began to take an interest in preserving the breed. Careful breeding programs were established, focused on maintaining the typical appearance and working character while broadening the genetic base as much as possible. Through these efforts, the Icelandic Sheepdog gradually recovered from its low point.

Recognition by national kennel clubs and international bodies has helped stabilize and promote the breed. Today, the Icelandic Sheepdog is recognized in many countries, and small but dedicated populations exist across Europe and North America, as well as in its homeland. Breed clubs often emphasize the importance of preserving both the working abilities and the friendly, outgoing temperament that have always defined the dog.

In modern times, the Icelandic Sheepdog still works on farms and with flocks, especially in rural Iceland and on some small farms elsewhere. However, many dogs now live primarily as companion animals. Their natural abilities lend themselves to a variety of activities. They are increasingly seen in:

Herding trials and instinct tests
Agility and other dog sports
Search and rescue work in some regions
Therapy and visiting dogs programs thanks to their gentle nature

Despite these newer roles, the essence of the breed remains similar to the farm dogs of centuries past. The same bright, watchful expression, the same eagerness to work in partnership with humans, and the same resilience in the face of challenging weather and terrain can still be seen today. For many owners, having an Icelandic Sheepdog feels like sharing daily life with a small piece of living history.

Sponsored Ad

¶Living with the Breed

Living with an Icelandic Sheepdog is both rewarding and engaging. This is not a breed that simply lies quietly in a corner for most of the day. Instead, you can expect an active, curious, and socially involved companion who wants to be part of your everyday routines.

First and foremost, potential owners should be ready to provide time and attention. Icelandic Sheepdogs do best in households where someone is home for a good portion of the day, or where they can accompany their person to work in suitable environments. Long hours alone day after day can lead to boredom, frustration, and unwanted behaviors such as excessive barking or destructive chewing. If you work full time away from home, consider options such as doggy daycare, hiring a dog walker, or sharing responsibilities within the family.

Daily life with this breed usually includes:

Meaningful walks rather than only quick bathroom breaks
Structured play and mental games indoors or in the yard
Regular grooming sessions, especially during shedding seasons
Training refreshers to keep good manners sharp

Financially, an Icelandic Sheepdog sits in a moderate range of dog ownership costs. Initial expenses include the purchase price from a reputable breeder, vaccinations, microchipping, and basic supplies. Annual costs typically cover quality food, routine veterinary care, parasite prevention, grooming tools, and insurance if you choose it. Allow for extra budget for unexpected vet bills, training classes, and occasional boarding or pet sitting. While they are not usually as costly to maintain as some giant or very high grooming breeds, they are also not “low cost” pets.

Space requirements are flexible as long as their exercise needs are met. A large, securely fenced yard is ideal, especially to manage the breed’s tendency to chase or bark at moving objects. However, motivated owners in apartments or townhouses can also succeed, provided they commit to proper outdoor exercise and training. Noise sensitivity in neighbors is worth considering, since this is a vocal breed. Good sound insulation and careful management of barking are important in close living quarters.

Useful equipment for Icelandic Sheepdog owners includes:

A well fitting harness and sturdy leash for daily walks
A selection of durable toys for chewing, fetching, and puzzle solving
A comfortable, washable bed placed in a quiet but not isolated corner
Grooming tools such as a slicker brush, undercoat rake, and nail clippers
Secure fencing or reliable long line for safe off leash exercise where needed

Because the breed enjoys learning, obedience and activity classes can be a valuable investment. They provide physical exercise, mental challenges, and socialization all at once. Family members, including older children, can participate in training, which helps build consistent rules and strong bonds.

Inside the home, the Icelandic Sheepdog is usually cheerful and manageable if its needs are met. They like to rest close to their people and may choose a spot where they can watch doors and windows. Teaching a solid “settle” cue on a mat or bed is extremely helpful when guests arrive or when you want calm time. Clear boundaries, such as whether the dog is allowed on furniture, should be decided early and applied consistently.

Travel with this breed can be enjoyable. Their adaptable nature and sturdy build make them good companions for road trips, outdoor vacations, and visits to friends and family. Crate training or use of a secure car harness improves safety and keeps both dog and passengers comfortable during journeys.

In summary, the Icelandic Sheepdog fits best with owners who:

Enjoy spending time outdoors in most weather conditions
Are happy to include their dog in daily activities and family life
Are prepared to invest effort into training and mental enrichment
Can tolerate and manage some level of barking

For those who meet these conditions, living with an Icelandic Sheepdog often becomes a deeply satisfying experience. Their bright expression, loyalty, sense of humor, and enthusiasm for shared adventures make them much more than just pets. They become true partners in life, reflecting the long history of cooperation between people and dogs in the Icelandic landscape.

¶Characteristics

High energy

Super smart

Easy to train

Small

Characteristic	Value
Breed Type	Purebred
Aggressiveness	3/5
Child Friendly	3/5
Energy	4/5
Hair Shedding	3/5
Health	4/5
Intelligence	4/5
Grooming Needs	3/5
Learning Ability	4/5
Barking Level	4/5
Height	41 – 46 cm
Weight	10 – 14 kg
Life Expectancy	12 – 15 years

Sponsored Ad

¶Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of temperament does the Icelandic Sheepdog have with families and children?

This breed is typically friendly, cheerful, and very people focused, which makes it well suited to family life. They usually get along well with children and enjoy being involved in all household activities. Their herding background can lead to gentle chasing or circling, so supervision and basic training with young kids are important.

Is the Icelandic Sheepdog a good choice for first-time dog owners?

They can work for dedicated first-time owners who are prepared for an active, intelligent herding dog. The breed is generally eager to please and trainable, but needs consistent guidance, daily mental stimulation, and firm management of barking. People who prefer a low-energy, low-maintenance dog may find the breed too demanding.

How much exercise does an Icelandic Sheepdog need each day?

Most adults require at least 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity each day along with opportunities to think and problem solve. They are built for endurance in rough terrain and enjoy hiking, herding-type games, and dog sports. Without enough exercise and mental engagement, they can become noisy, restless, or prone to unwanted behaviors.

Are Icelandic Sheepdogs very vocal and prone to barking?

Yes, this is a naturally alert and vocal breed that was historically used to signal the presence of people and animals. Many individuals bark readily at movement, sounds, or changes in their environment. Early training on quiet cues, along with ample exercise and mental work, is essential to keep barking at a manageable level.

What are the main health issues seen in Icelandic Sheepdogs?

Overall they are considered relatively robust, but there are some concerns to watch for. Hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, and certain eye conditions can occur, so responsible breeders screen their dogs. Regular veterinary checkups, weight control, and health testing of parents are important when choosing a puppy.

How much grooming does an Icelandic Sheepdog’s coat require?

The double coat is weather resistant and fairly easy to care for but sheds heavily, particularly seasonally. Brushing at least a few times a week, and more often during shedding periods, helps remove loose hair and prevent matting. Occasional baths, nail trimming, and routine ear checks complete their basic grooming needs.

Can an Icelandic Sheepdog live in an apartment or small home?

They can adapt to smaller living spaces if their exercise and mental needs are reliably met every single day. Their barking tendency and high energy can be challenging in close quarters, especially with thin walls. Frequent outdoor activity, training, and enrichment are essential to keep them settled indoors.

Do Icelandic Sheepdogs get along with other dogs and pets?

Most are sociable with other dogs when well socialized from a young age. Their herding instincts may lead them to try to control or chase other pets, particularly smaller or fast moving animals. Careful introductions, supervision, and training can help them live harmoniously with other household pets.

What makes the Icelandic Sheepdog different from other Nordic spitz breeds?

It was developed as a farm and herding dog rather than primarily a hunting or sledding breed, so its instincts center on gathering and watching livestock. Compared with many Nordic spitzes, it is often more people oriented and more intensely vocal as a watchdog. Its history of working in Iceland’s harsh climate also shaped a particularly hardy and weather tolerant coat.

At what age does an Icelandic Sheepdog mentally and physically mature?

They typically reach physical maturity around 12 to 18 months, although coat and muscle tone can continue to develop beyond that. Mentally, many retain a puppy-like enthusiasm well into adulthood and may not settle fully until around 2 to 3 years of age. Consistent training and structure throughout this period help channel their energy productively.

¶Comparisons with other breeds

Compare Icelandic Sheepdog with other breeds and see the differences in temperament, activity level, and care to make a confident choice. Show all comparisons