## Quick Facts

- Originating from Cuba, the Havanese is the country’s national dog and a close companion breed that was cherished by Havana’s upper class.
- The Havanese has a long, silky, non‑shedding coat that is often better tolerated by allergy‑sensitive people than many other breeds.
- Despite its small size, this is a surprisingly sturdy, lively, and clever dog that loves to learn tricks and take part in family activities.
- Havanese are highly people‑oriented and usually thrive in busy households with children, seniors, and other pets, as long as they are not left alone too much.
- The breed adapts well to city apartments or houses with gardens, as long as they get daily walks, playtime, and mental stimulation.

## Appearance & Coat

The Havanese is a small toy breed, but it does not feel fragile or overly delicate. Most adults stand around 23 to 27 centimeters at the shoulder, with a well balanced and slightly longer than tall body. There is a gentle rise over the loin, which gives the topline a very slight arch rather than a straight, flat back. The overall impression is of a cheerful little dog that is light on its feet, yet with enough substance to move confidently and play energetically.

The head is fairly broad with soft, expressive brown eyes that give the Havanese its sweet and alert expression. The ears hang close to the head, framed by long hair, and the muzzle is of medium length, never too short or pointed. The tail is one of the breed’s trademarks. It is set high and carried in a graceful curve over the back, covered in a plume of long hair that adds to the breed’s elegant outline when in motion.

The true glory of the Havanese is its coat. The breed has a long, abundant, wavy or slightly curly coat with a soft and light texture. It should never be woolly or completely straight. Under that flowing outer coat there is a softer undercoat that provides insulation. Many owners are surprised at how many color possibilities are allowed. Havanese can be white, cream, fawn, gold, black, chocolate, silver, or various combinations and patterns. Some puppies change color as they mature, so a dark puppy may lighten over time.

Grooming a Havanese takes commitment, especially if you keep the coat long. The hair tangles easily, particularly in areas where friction occurs, such as behind the ears, under the collar, in the armpits, and around the hindquarters. A typical grooming routine for a pet Havanese includes:

- Brushing and combing the coat at least three to four times per week, and daily during shedding of the undercoat or when the dog is changing from puppy to adult coat.
- Using a pin brush and a metal comb to reach through all layers of hair, rather than just skimming the surface.
- Checking for and gently working out any mats with your fingers and a detangling spray before they tighten.

Some owners prefer to keep their Havanese in a shorter, practical “pet trim” to reduce grooming time. The coat still needs regular brushing, but it is less likely to mat into tight knots. Professional grooming every six to eight weeks can help maintain a neat shape and healthy hair. Regular trimming around the eyes, paws, and sanitary areas keeps the dog comfortable and clean.

Ears should be checked weekly for redness or odor, and nails should be trimmed or filed regularly so they do not become too long. Because the eyes are expressive and slightly prominent, it is helpful to keep hair from irritating the eyes and to gently wipe away any tear staining if it appears. With consistent care, the Havanese coat remains soft, beautiful, and pleasant to live with.

## Temperament & Personality

The Havanese is often described as a “velcro dog,” and that captures much of this breed’s personality. These dogs bond very closely to their people and genuinely want to be involved in whatever is happening. They follow family members from room to room, sit under the desk while someone works, and curl up on the sofa for movie nights. This intense attachment is one of the breed’s greatest charms, but it can also become a challenge if owners do not teach their dogs to feel relaxed when left alone.

In daily life, a well socialized Havanese is typically cheerful, playful, and friendly. They enjoy greeting visitors and are usually more welcoming than wary, although some individuals can be cautious with strangers at first. Their small size makes them suitable for apartment living, but their personality is far from passive. A Havanese will often act like a small comedian, using pawing, play bows, or funny little spins to get attention and start a game.

Around children, the Havanese is generally patient and affectionate, provided children are taught to treat the dog kindly. They usually enjoy participating in children’s games in the garden or quietly listening to bedtime stories. Because they are small, rough handling can accidentally cause injury, so supervision with very young children is important. Older children who understand how to handle a small dog can build a very strong bond with a Havanese, especially if they take part in training and daily care.

The breed tends to get along well with other dogs and can live happily with cats and other pets if introduced properly. Havanese are social by nature and many enjoy doggy day care, group walks, or visits with friendly canine neighbors. Some individuals may show a bit of bossy behavior toward much larger dogs, so guiding interactions and teaching respectful greetings is helpful.

Common temperament challenges include:

- A tendency toward separation anxiety if left alone for long periods regularly.
- Barking at sounds in the hallway, people passing the window, or any perceived change in the environment.
- Developing “small dog syndrome” if owners excuse rude behavior just because the dog is tiny and cute.

Preventing these issues starts early. Gradual training to be comfortable alone, plenty of exercise and mental stimulation, and consistent rules about behavior will help your Havanese grow into a confident, polite companion. When their emotional needs are met, Havanese are among the most charming and easygoing small breeds, perfectly suited for people who are happy to share most of their day with a furry shadow.

## Training & Exercise

Even though the Havanese belongs to the toy group, it is far from a decorative lap dog in terms of mind and energy. This breed is intelligent, curious, and highly motivated by interaction with people. That combination makes training both rewarding and enjoyable, as long as methods stay gentle and positive. Harsh corrections or impatience can quickly shut down a sensitive Havanese, while praise, treats, and play bring out their best performance.

Many owners are surprised at how quickly Havanese pick up new cues. They learn basic manners such as sit, down, and come very fast if training is consistent and sessions are kept short and fun. Because they enjoy human attention so much, they often work enthusiastically for a clicker and tiny food rewards. Trick training is ideal for this breed. Simple tricks like spinning, weaving between your legs, offering a paw, or playing dead keep their brain engaged and strengthen the bond between dog and owner.

Housetraining can take a little longer with some Havanese, not because they are stubborn, but because small dogs have small bladders. A clear routine, frequent toilet breaks, and supervision indoors are essential. Many families find that using a crate or a puppy pen at first, paired with regular outdoor trips and rewards for success, speeds up the process. It is important not to scold accidents, as this only teaches the dog to hide them.

In terms of exercise, the Havanese is adaptable. They do not need marathon runs, but they are not content with a quick walk around the block either. A typical adult Havanese will enjoy:

- Two to three moderate walks per day, often totaling around 45 to 90 minutes depending on age and fitness.
- Playtime in a secure garden or indoors with toys, especially fetch, gentle tug, or hide and seek.
- Short bursts of more intense activity, such as running around with other small dogs at the park.

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Puzzle toys, scent games, basic obedience practice, and new environments to explore all help prevent boredom. Havanese often excel in dog sports that suit their size and temperament. Many do well in agility, rally obedience, heelwork to music, or obedience classes. Even if you are not interested in competition, a local club or training group can be a great place to socialize your Havanese and learn how to communicate clearly.

Because they have a lively but not hyperactive nature, Havanese can adjust to slightly quieter days as long as they usually receive enough outlets for their energy. Older Havanese may prefer shorter walks and more gentle games, but they still need mental engagement to stay happy. The key is regularity. Daily exercise, a bit of training, and time spent together keep this breed balanced and content.

## Health

The Havanese is generally considered a healthy and robust small breed, especially when bred responsibly with attention to genetic diversity and health screening. With good care, many Havanese live well into their early to mid teens, often between 13 and 15 years. Some even reach 16 or 17 years of age. However, like all breeds, there are certain conditions that appear more frequently and that potential owners should be aware of.

Orthopedic issues can occur. Hip dysplasia and patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, are among the most commonly discussed. Responsible breeders often screen their breeding dogs with hip evaluations and patella checks to reduce the risk of passing on these problems. While serious cases may require surgery, many mild cases can be managed with weight control, appropriate exercise, and joint support under a veterinarian’s supervision.

Eye health is another area of focus. Conditions such as cataracts or other hereditary eye diseases can appear in the breed. Many national kennel clubs and breed clubs recommend that breeding Havanese undergo regular eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist. For pet owners, routine vet checkups and awareness of any changes in vision, eye cloudiness, or discomfort are important.

Havanese can be prone to certain skin and coat issues, often linked to allergies, parasites, or environmental factors. Regular grooming, high quality nutrition, and prompt attention to itching or hot spots help keep the skin in good condition. Because the coat is long and dense, it is essential to dry it thoroughly after baths or wet walks to avoid fungal or bacterial problems.

Other conditions that may occur in the breed include heart murmurs in some individuals, digestive sensitivities, and dental problems. Small dogs in general often develop tartar faster than larger breeds, so dental care is crucial. Daily tooth brushing if possible, along with regular dental checks at the vet, goes a long way in preventing periodontal disease and tooth loss.

Prospective owners should speak with breeders about the health tests they use. Typical recommended evaluations can include:

- Hip scoring.
- Patellar luxation checks.
- Eye examinations for hereditary eye disease, usually repeated periodically on breeding dogs.
- In some countries, additional DNA tests for specific hereditary conditions if relevant to certain lines.

Keeping a Havanese healthy also involves everyday choices. Maintaining a lean body condition through appropriate feeding and exercise protects joints and reduces the risk of many health problems. Vaccinations, parasite control, and annual or biannual veterinary exams help detect issues early. Paying attention to subtle changes in behavior, such as reluctance to jump, changes in appetite, or less enthusiasm for walks, can give early hints that something is wrong.

Overall, the Havanese offers a good balance of longevity and vitality. When combined with good breeding practices and attentive ownership, this little dog often enjoys many active and joyful years as part of the family.

## History & Origins

The Havanese has a fascinating history that stretches back several centuries and crosses oceans. Although closely associated with Cuba today, the breed’s roots lie in the Mediterranean region. Small companion dogs from Spain and possibly Italy traveled with sailors and settlers to the Caribbean in the 16th and 17th centuries. These dogs likely included ancestors of the Bichon family, such as the Bichon Frisé and related types, which were already popular as charming lapdogs among European nobility.

Once in Cuba, these little dogs adapted to the island’s warm climate and local lifestyle. Over time, they developed into a distinct type, with a light, insulating coat and a lively yet gentle temperament. In Havana, Cuba’s capital, they became favorites of the wealthy and the aristocracy. The breed’s name, Havanese, reflects this close association with the city and the Cuban culture that shaped it. At one point, the dogs were sometimes called “Havana Silk Dogs” in reference to their soft, flowing coat.

For many years, the Havanese existed as a prized companion of Cuban upper society, somewhat isolated from the outside world. However, in the mid 20th century, political changes in Cuba had a dramatic impact on the breed. When many Cuban families left the country, some took their beloved dogs with them to the United States and elsewhere. These emigrant dogs formed the foundation of the modern Havanese population outside Cuba. Dedicated breeders in North America and Europe worked to rebuild and stabilize the breed, carefully selecting for health, temperament, and the classic Havanese characteristics.

Recognition by kennel clubs followed as the breed grew in numbers and popularity. Over the last few decades, the Havanese has moved from relative obscurity to become one of the most admired toy breeds in many countries. Its blend of charm, intelligence, and adaptability has helped it gain a strong foothold with families, singles, and retired couples alike.

Historically, the Havanese has always been a companion first and foremost, but they have also shown ability in various roles. Their keen hearing and alert nature made them natural little watchdogs in Cuban homes, ready to announce visitors or unusual sounds. Today, while they still bark to alert, they are more likely to be found participating in modern pursuits such as obedience, agility, or visiting care homes as therapy dogs. Their gentle and empathetic manner makes them particularly suitable for emotional support and therapy work.

Despite its long and sometimes fragile history, the Havanese has emerged as a thriving and beloved breed worldwide. Modern Havanese retain an echo of their elegant island past in their flowing coats and proud carriage, while their friendly eyes and playful personality continue to win hearts in contemporary living rooms and city parks.

## Living with the Breed

Living with a Havanese is a joy for many people, but it also involves specific responsibilities that potential owners should consider carefully. This is not a breed that thrives with minimal interaction or care. Instead, the Havanese fits best with individuals or families who enjoy including their dog in daily life, from relaxed evenings on the sofa to weekend outings.

Daily routines usually center on companionship. A Havanese will want to be near you as much as possible. Working full time away from home can be challenging if the dog has to stay alone for many hours, especially on a regular basis. If your schedule is busy, arrangements such as doggy day care, a dog walker, or having another dog in the household can help. However, no dog should be expected to cope with excessive isolation. Preparing the dog gradually to handle short periods alone is an important part of early training.

From a financial perspective, owning a Havanese comes with typical dog expenses and a few breed specific considerations. Annual costs often include:

- Quality food appropriate for the dog’s age, size, and activity level.
- Routine veterinary care, including vaccinations, parasite prevention, and health checks.
- Grooming tools such as brushes, combs, shampoo, and possibly regular visits to a professional groomer.
- Pet insurance or a savings plan for unexpected veterinary costs.
- Training classes, toys, beds, leads, harnesses, and crates or carriers.

Grooming is a significant time commitment. Even if you choose a shorter pet trim, you will still need to brush regularly and keep up with nail trimming, ear care, and dental hygiene. Owners who love brushing and styling often find it a relaxing time to bond with their dog. Those who are less interested in grooming might prefer to schedule professional grooming at consistent intervals. It is a good idea to factor these expenses and time needs into your decision.

In terms of space, the Havanese is very suitable for apartment living as long as it gets enough exercise and mental stimulation. They do not need a large garden, but a secure outdoor area is helpful for play and toilet breaks. Indoors, they appreciate a comfortable bed in a quiet corner, as well as a place where they can observe household activity. Many Havanese like to perch on the back of a sofa or a low windowsill to watch the world outside.

Useful equipment for Havanese owners may include:

- A well fitting harness that protects the neck, especially during training or when the dog is still learning to walk on a loose lead.
- Soft, comfortable beds that support joints without creating too much heat under their coat.
- Interactive toys, puzzle feeders, and chew items that are safe for small dogs.
- Lightweight clothing for very cold or wet weather in regions with harsh climates, as long as the dog is comfortable wearing it.

Social needs are high. Regular positive contact with people and other friendly dogs keeps the Havanese emotionally balanced. Puppy socialization classes and calm introductions to different environments, sounds, and surfaces will help avoid timidity later in life. Because of their charming nature, Havanese can easily become the center of attention wherever they go, so it is vital to maintain good manners, such as not jumping on strangers or barking excessively.

Overall, living with a Havanese means sharing your life with an affectionate, intelligent, and at times comedic little companion. The breed rewards consistent care and involvement with deep loyalty and an infectious happiness that brightens daily routines. For those willing to invest time in grooming, training, and companionship, the Havanese is a delightful addition to many types of households.

Havanese

The Kennel Club (UK)

Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

Norwegian Kennel Club

Dansk Kennel Klub (Danish Kennel Club)

The Havanese is Cuba’s national toy breed, a sturdy, lively companion with a long, silky, low‑shedding coat. Affectionate and people‑oriented, it suits families, apartments or houses. It needs regular grooming, daily walks, play, mental stimulation, and dislikes long periods alone.

## Quick Facts

- Tiny companion breed from the Czech Republic, traditionally used as a nimble ratter in castles and city homes  
- Very small and lightweight, yet surprisingly athletic and confident in attitude  
- Strong bond with their people, often choosing one favorite person while still loving the whole family  
- Short, easy care coat, but they feel the cold and usually need a sweater or coat in cooler weather  
- Alert watchdog with a big voice for such a small body, making them excellent little house guardians  

## Appearance & Coat

The Prague Ratter is one of the smallest dog breeds in the world, but their presence feels much larger than their size. Most adults stand around 20 to 23 centimeters at the shoulder and weigh between 1.5 and 3.5 kilograms. They are compact, well balanced and lightly built, with a fine bone structure that still feels surprisingly sturdy in the hand. Their body is slightly longer than tall, with a graceful neck and an elegant, almost toy like silhouette.

The head is small and refined, with a gently rounded skull and a narrow muzzle that tapers without appearing snippy. Dark, expressive eyes give the Prague Ratter a lively and alert expression that many owners describe as nearly human. Ears are usually set high and carried erect, which adds to their inquisitive look. The tail may be natural or docked depending on local regulations, but in motion it often curves slightly and shows how much they enjoy life.

The coat of the Prague Ratter is most commonly short, smooth and tight to the body, with a glossy shine when in good condition. There is also a longer coated variety, sometimes with light feathering on ears, legs and tail, although the short coat is still much more widespread. Classic coloring for the breed is black and tan, with rich tan markings above the eyes, on the cheeks, chest, legs and under the tail. However, other colors exist, such as brown and tan, blue and tan, red, yellow and occasionally merle in some lines where it is allowed.

Caring for the coat is generally straightforward, which is one reason the Prague Ratter appeals to many modern owners. A weekly brush with a soft bristle brush or grooming glove is usually enough to remove loose hairs and keep the coat shiny. During seasonal shedding periods, brushing two or three times a week can help reduce hair around the house. Because the coat is so short, skin health is particularly important. Use mild dog shampoo, avoid over bathing, and check regularly for dry patches or irritation.

Their small size means they feel temperature changes quite strongly. In cool or wet weather, most Prague Ratters appreciate a light coat or sweater, especially on windy days. In winter in colder climates, a warm jacket and even small dog boots can be useful for longer walks, as salt and ice may irritate their delicate paws. Regular nail trimming, ear cleaning and dental care are also essential, since many toy breeds are prone to dental tartar and gum issues. With a simple but consistent grooming routine, a Prague Ratter will stay neat and comfortable with very little fuss.

## Temperament & Personality

The Prague Ratter is often described as a big dog in a tiny body. They are confident, spirited and curious, and they love to be involved in everything their family does. In daily life, you can expect a Prague Ratter to follow you from room to room, jump onto the sofa to sit beside you, and quickly learn the sounds of your routine. They thrive on human company and usually do not enjoy being left alone for long periods.

With their families, Prague Ratters tend to be very affectionate and loyal. Many form a particularly close bond with one person, often the main caregiver, while still being friendly and cuddly with other family members. They like to burrow under blankets, curl up on laps, and sleep close to their people at night. For some owners this closeness is the best part of living with the breed, but it also means that these dogs can become quite dependent and may develop separation anxiety if not trained to be comfortable alone.

Around children, the Prague Ratter can be a loving and playful companion, but their tiny size requires careful supervision. Well raised children who understand how to be gentle can enjoy teaching tricks, playing short games of fetch or simply cuddling on the sofa. However, rough handling, squeezing or accidental dropping can seriously injure such a small dog. Families with very young or boisterous children must think honestly about whether everyone can respect the physical limits of the breed.

With other dogs, Prague Ratters are often confident and sometimes a little too bold. They may challenge much larger dogs without realizing how small they really are. Early socialization in safe environments is important, so they learn to read other dogs correctly and to interact politely. With other small dogs they usually get along well, especially if introduced gradually. Their original role as a ratter means that many keep a strong prey drive, so caution is needed with pet rodents, small birds or free roaming rabbits. Some can live with cats, especially if raised together from puppyhood, but many will still chase if the cat runs.

One notable personality trait of the Prague Ratter is their alertness. They notice every sound in the hallway, footsteps outside the door, and cars arriving at the house. This makes them excellent little watchdogs, but it can also lead to nuisance barking if not managed. Teaching a reliable “quiet” cue and rewarding calm behavior works better than scolding. Because they are intelligent and eager to please, Prague Ratters respond well to gentle, reward based training that makes them think and keeps them included.

Potential challenges include:

- Tendency to bark at noises or strangers  
- Strong attachment that can turn into separation anxiety  
- Prey drive towards small animals  
- Overconfidence with larger dogs

For owners who can provide structure, patience and plenty of closeness, the Prague Ratter is a deeply loving companion with a lively, entertaining personality that fills the home with energy.

## Training & Exercise

Despite their tiny body, the Prague Ratter is an active and quick thinking dog that truly enjoys training. They are usually food motivated, curious and eager to be part of whatever their person is doing. This combination means that, with the right approach, training can be both effective and great fun for everyone.

The best training methods for a Prague Ratter are positive and encouraging. They respond very well to:

- Small, tasty treats as rewards  
- Verbal praise delivered in a warm, happy tone  
- Short, varied sessions that keep boredom away  
- Games that let them use both body and brain  

Harsh corrections, shouting or physical punishment can damage their trust and may make them anxious or defensive. Given their sensitive nature, it is much more successful to guide them gently and reward what you like, rather than focusing heavily on what you do not want.

Basic obedience such as sit, down, stay, recall and walking nicely on a leash should start early. Because of their size, some owners fall into the trap of carrying them everywhere and allowing pushy behaviors that would never be accepted in a larger dog. It is important to remember that a Prague Ratter is still a dog, not a toy, and needs the same clear boundaries and consistent rules as any other breed. Teaching them to walk on their own four paws, wait calmly at doors, and greet people politely helps prevent “small dog syndrome” and makes daily life easier.

Exercise needs are moderate but not negligible. A Prague Ratter does not require long mountain hikes, but they do enjoy several short walks every day, along with time to sniff, explore and play. Many adults are happy with around 45 to 60 minutes of activity spread throughout the day, adapted to their age and health. This might include:

- Two or three brisk walks of 10 to 20 minutes each  
- Play sessions at home such as fetch or tug with safe, lightweight toys  
- Short indoor training games on rainy or very cold days  

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Because of their history as ratters, many Prague Ratters enjoy nose work games, searching for treats hidden in folded towels or simple puzzle toys. Some take to beginner level agility, trick training or mini obedience competitions. These activities help to channel their natural alertness and intelligence, and they also strengthen the bond between dog and owner.

Owners should keep in mind that the Prague Ratter is small and can tire more quickly than a larger, athletic breed, especially on rough terrain or in extreme temperatures. Watch for signs of fatigue, such as lagging behind, panting heavily or refusing to continue. In hot weather, avoid walking in the full midday sun and offer water frequently. In cold weather, keep walks shorter and use dog clothing to protect their body and paws.

Early socialization is a key part of training. Expose your Prague Ratter puppy to different people, gentle dogs, vehicles, sounds and environments in a positive, controlled way. Reward calm curiosity and allow them to retreat if something worries them, rather than forcing contact. A well socialized Prague Ratter is far less likely to develop fearfulness or sharpness in adulthood.

When training and exercise are tailored to their size and temperament, Prague Ratters become delightful, manageable companions who enjoy learning, exploring and being by your side in everyday life.

## Health

Although usually a robust and lively little dog, the Prague Ratter does have some health issues that owners and breeders should be aware of. Responsible breeding, routine veterinary care and careful daily management all play an important role in keeping this breed healthy over the long term.

Common health concerns in Prague Ratters can include:

- Patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, causing lameness or hopping  
- Dental problems such as tartar build up, gum disease and retained baby teeth, which are common in many toy breeds  
- Fragile bones in very small individuals, leading to a risk of fractures from jumping or accidental falls  
- Heart issues in some lines, particularly valve diseases that may appear with age  
- Eye conditions such as cataracts or dry eye in certain bloodlines  

Because of these potential problems, many breed clubs and responsible breeders recommend specific health tests. These may include veterinary examination of the knees to check for patellar luxation, eye examinations by a specialist, and in some cases heart evaluations. Prospective puppy buyers should feel comfortable asking breeders what health checks have been carried out on the parents, and requesting to see the relevant documentation.

Lifespan for a well cared for Prague Ratter is often between 12 and 15 years, and many remain active and playful well into their senior years. To support a long and healthy life, owners should focus on several key areas.

Firstly, weight management is essential. Even a small amount of extra weight is significant on such a tiny frame and can increase the strain on joints, heart and other organs. Feed a high quality, age appropriate diet and measure portions carefully. Treats should make up only a small part of daily calorie intake. It is easy to spoil such a small, cute dog with snacks, but their body will thank you for moderation.

Secondly, dental care deserves special attention. Daily or at least frequent tooth brushing with dog safe toothpaste helps to prevent plaque and tartar buildup. Regular dental check ups with the vet allow early intervention if problems arise. Many Prague Ratters accept tooth brushing readily if introduced gradually with patience and rewards.

Thirdly, owners should protect their dog from accidents and injuries. Avoid allowing a Prague Ratter to jump from high furniture or run up and down steep stairs repeatedly. Train them to use ramps or small steps to reach sofas or beds if they are allowed on furniture. When out on walks, use a lightweight harness instead of a collar for leash attachment, to avoid pressure on the delicate neck and trachea.

Routine preventive care such as vaccinations, parasite control, and annual health checks are also important. Senior Prague Ratters may benefit from more frequent veterinary visits to monitor heart function, joints, dental health and general condition. Early detection of changes, such as weight loss, coughing, stiffness or increased thirst, can greatly improve the success of treatment.

Breeders who care about the future of the Prague Ratter focus not only on appearance but also on solid health, sound temperament and appropriate size. As a buyer or owner, supporting these efforts by choosing responsible breeders and following veterinary advice will help to keep this charming little breed healthy and happy for generations to come.

## History & Origins

The Prague Ratter, known in its homeland as Pražský krysařík, has a history that stretches back many centuries in the Czech lands and neighboring regions. While the exact origins are not fully documented, it is widely believed that small, agile terrier type dogs were kept in royal courts, castles and city houses to control rats and other vermin. Their compact size, quick reflexes and keen hunting instinct made them extremely effective at this job.

Historical records and paintings from Central Europe show tiny black and tan dogs at the side of nobility and in the bustling streets of medieval towns. These early Prague Ratters were valued not only as working ratters but also as charming companions, often living close to their owners and sharing their daily life. Their presence in royal courts helped spread their reputation abroad as well, and small dogs similar to the Prague Ratter appeared in other European countries.

Over time, changes in living conditions, urban development and the introduction of other fashionable toy breeds led to a decline in the popularity of the Prague Ratter. For a period, the breed seemed at risk of disappearing, kept mainly by a small number of enthusiasts in rural areas and by families who valued them as traditional rat catchers and house companions.

In the late 20th century, interest in native breeds and cultural heritage in the Czech Republic led to renewed efforts to preserve and standardize the Prague Ratter. Dedicated breeders began to select carefully for type, temperament and health, and a modern breed standard was created. This work helped the Prague Ratter move from a nearly forgotten local dog to an internationally recognized companion breed with growing popularity in various European countries and beyond.

Today, the Prague Ratter is no longer relied on as a working ratter in most homes, although many still show a strong instinct to chase mice and small pests if they get the chance. Instead, the breed is primarily a beloved companion, valued for its affectionate nature, intelligence and compact size that fits well into modern city living. In some countries, Prague Ratters can also be seen in dog sports such as agility, obedience or trick competitions, where their lively character and quick learning stand out.

Breed clubs in the Czech Republic, France, Scandinavia and other regions now work together to maintain and promote the Prague Ratter. The focus is on preserving its historic charm and usefulness as a small, alert and loving family dog, while ensuring solid health and stable temperament. For people who appreciate a breed with deep local roots and a story that connects royal courts, city alleys and modern apartments, the Prague Ratter carries a rich and fascinating heritage in a very tiny body.

## Living with the Breed

Sharing your life with a Prague Ratter is often described as having a tiny shadow with a huge personality. This breed thrives on being close to their people and is best suited to owners who enjoy a dog that wants to be involved in daily routines rather than lying quietly in a corner. If you like a dog that sits on your lap while you work, curls up under the blanket in the evening and greets you joyfully after even short absences, the Prague Ratter can be a wonderful match.

Prospective owners should be prepared for a relatively high level of emotional commitment. These dogs form strong attachments and can be sensitive to changes in routine, raised voices or family tension. They do best in homes where they are treated as a true family member and where someone is usually present for much of the day. A Prague Ratter left alone regularly for long hours may develop barking, destructive behavior or anxiety.

From a practical point of view, their small size is both an advantage and a responsibility. On one hand, they fit easily into small apartments, and many landlords who accept dogs are more open to such a tiny breed. Daily exercise is relatively easy to provide, since shorter walks and indoor play can already meet a large part of their needs. On the other hand, owners must always be aware of physical risks, such as being stepped on, caught in a door, or injured by larger animals. Simple habits like checking where the dog is before moving a chair or closing a door become second nature.

Financially, annual costs for a Prague Ratter are often lower than for large dogs, particularly when it comes to food and some medications that depend on weight. However, there are still important expenses to consider:

- Purchase price from a responsible breeder  
- Vaccinations, routine veterinary checks and parasite control  
- Sterilization or castration if not used for breeding  
- Pet insurance or a savings fund for unexpected veterinary bills  
- Quality food, treats and dental care products  
- Equipment such as harnesses, collars, leashes, coats and bedding  

Because of the potential for dental and orthopedic issues, choosing a good pet insurance policy or setting aside money regularly for veterinary care is wise. Over the course of their life, preventive care, dental work and occasional testing can add up, even for a small dog.

Useful equipment for living with a Prague Ratter includes a comfortable, well fitting harness that does not rub under the arms; a lightweight leash; and a selection of soft, appropriately sized toys. Many owners find that puzzle feeders and treat balls help keep their dog mentally busy, especially on days when outdoor activity is limited. Several soft beds or blankets around the home allow the dog to rest near different family members. Warm coats and sweaters for winter, along with a rain jacket for wet weather, are more than a fashion choice for this breed, as they genuinely support their comfort and health.

Training should continue throughout the dog’s life, not just during puppyhood. Short daily sessions, even of only five minutes, keep their mind engaged and reinforce good manners. Basic house rules such as where the dog is allowed to go, how they greet visitors, and how they behave at mealtimes should be clear and consistent. Many behavior issues in small dogs arise simply because boundaries were never clearly set.

For families who understand toy breed needs and are willing to adapt their home and habits slightly, the Prague Ratter offers an enormous amount of joy in a very small package. Their combination of devotion, playfulness and intelligence makes them a rewarding companion for people across different ages, from active singles to older adults who want a dog that can participate fully in daily life without demanding extreme exercise. With care, patience and love, living with a Prague Ratter can feel like sharing your world with a brave and loyal little friend who never stops trying to be by your side.

Prague Ratter

Verein für Deutsche Spitze

Dansk Kennel Klub

Svenska Kennelklubben

British Veterinary Association

Club Français des Rats de Prague

The Prague Ratter is a tiny Czech companion once used for ratting, lively and athletic despite its size. It has a short, low‑maintenance coat but feels the cold. Very affectionate and people‑oriented, it’s an alert little watchdog that bonds closely with its family.

Havanese vs Prague Ratter

Characteristics

Summary

Similar breeds