Cavachon

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Friendly, people-focused companion that usually loves children and other pets
• Low-shedding, fluffy coat that can suit allergy-prone households, but needs regular grooming
• Small, sturdy size that fits apartment living yet still enjoys active family life
• Intelligent and eager to please, but can be sensitive and dislike being left alone
• A cross between the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and the Bichon Frise, bred for companionship

Appearance & Coat

The Cavachon is a small companion dog with a soft, appealing look that many people describe as teddy bear like. Most adults stand around 28 to 33 centimeters at the shoulder, though size can vary a little depending on which parent they take after. Their weight usually falls between 6 and 11 kilograms, with a compact, slightly longer than tall body and a sturdy feel when you pick them up. They are not fragile toy dogs, but they are still small enough to carry if needed and to live comfortably in homes of almost any size.

The head is often roundish with expressive, dark eyes and a sweet, open expression that is one of the breed’s biggest charms. Ears are usually medium in length and drop close to the head, covered in soft, wavy hair. The muzzle is moderate in length, neither very short nor long, which often helps with easier breathing compared to some flatter faced breeds. Their overall outline gives an impression of balance and gentle energy rather than extreme features.

The coat is one of the defining traits of the Cavachon. Thanks to the Bichon Frise influence, most Cavachons have a coat that is low shedding and can be more comfortable for allergy prone households. The texture is typically soft, wavy, or loosely curly, with a fluffy feel. Some individuals have straighter hair if they take after the Cavalier side more strongly. Common coat colors include:

• White with apricot, tan, or golden patches
• White with black or sable patches
• Solid cream or pale apricot
• Tricolor patterns similar to the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

Many Cavachons lighten or change shade slightly as they mature, so a deep colored puppy may grow into a softer, more pastel toned adult. Their coat tends to grow continuously, so regular maintenance is essential to keep them comfortable and looking their best.

Grooming a Cavachon involves daily or at least several times weekly brushing to prevent tangles and mats, especially behind the ears, around the neck, under the legs, and in the feathering on the legs and tail. A slicker brush combined with a metal comb works well to get through the soft undercoat. Many owners choose to have their Cavachon clipped or trimmed every 6 to 8 weeks by a professional groomer. A practical pet trim around the face, paws, and sanitary areas helps keep dirt at bay and makes home care easier.

Routine coat care should also include:

• Regular ear checks and gentle cleaning, since floppy ears can trap moisture
• Wiping around the eyes if your dog is prone to tear staining
• Nail trimming every few weeks
• Dental care such as brushing or dental chews, as small breeds often have crowded teeth

With consistent grooming habits, the Cavachon’s coat remains soft, clean, and pleasant to live with, and many owners find that grooming sessions become a relaxing bonding time with their dog.

Temperament & Personality

The Cavachon is first and foremost a companion. This is a dog that truly enjoys being with people and tends to form strong bonds with its family. In daily life, most Cavachons are affectionate, cheerful, and eager to participate in whatever the household is doing. They often follow their favorite human from room to room, curl up nearby when you rest, and are usually ready to greet visitors with wagging tails and bright eyes.

With families, Cavachons typically shine. They are usually gentle and patient with children, especially if the children are taught to handle the dog with respect. Their small size and soft nature suit quieter play such as fetch with a soft toy or practicing tricks in the living room. With very young children, supervision is important on both sides. The dog needs to feel safe from rough handling, and the child needs guidance to treat a small dog kindly. Many families find that older children and Cavachons become close playmates and cuddle partners.

Around other dogs and household pets, the Cavachon is often friendly and tolerant. Early socialisation helps them learn good manners and confidence. They usually enjoy canine company at the park or in training classes, and many will happily share a home with another dog or even a cat. Introductions should always be calm and gradual, and it helps if the Cavachon has positive experiences from puppyhood with a variety of animals and people. Their gentle nature means they are often more likely to avoid conflict than to start it.

Despite their sweet temperament, Cavachons are not without challenges. Their strong attachment to people means they can be prone to separation anxiety if left alone for long hours every day. A Cavachon that feels lonely may bark, whine, or become destructive. They do best in homes where someone is around for much of the day or where arrangements can be made for dog sitters, daycare, or a trusted friend to visit. Teaching them from an early age that alone time is safe and rewarding is very important.

Some Cavachons can also develop a tendency to bark at noises, passing people outside the window, or unfamiliar sounds. This does not usually come from true aggression, but from alertness and a desire to communicate. Gentle training, providing enough exercise, and avoiding accidentally rewarding barking with extra attention can reduce this behaviour. A tired, mentally satisfied Cavachon is usually a quiet and relaxed companion indoors.

In general, the Cavachon suits people who want a loving, interactive dog, rather than a highly independent animal. They respond best to kindness and consistency. Harsh handling or raised voices can easily worry them and may lead to nervous behaviour. When given security, affection, and guidance, the Cavachon tends to grow into a confident, happy little dog that brings warmth and fun to everyday life.

Training & Exercise

The Cavachon is an intelligent, responsive breed that usually enjoys learning. They are quick to pick up new cues and can be very eager to please, especially if training feels like a game. Their sensitivity and people focus make them ideal candidates for positive reinforcement methods. They respond well to praise, gentle words, small food rewards, and play. Heavy handed training methods, punishment, or loud corrections tend to shut them down and can damage their trust.

Basic training should start early. Young Cavachons benefit from short, fun sessions that cover key skills such as:

• Responding to their name reliably
• Sit, lie down, and stay
• Walking politely on a lead without constantly pulling
• Coming when called, even around mild distractions
• Settling on a bed or mat when asked

Because Cavachons can be curious and social, recall training is especially important before allowing off lead time in safe areas. Using high value treats, happy body language, and calling them in a cheerful tone encourages a fast, enthusiastic return. Practising this regularly from puppyhood can save worry later on.

Although they are small dogs, Cavachons still require daily exercise to stay healthy and well balanced. A typical adult Cavachon will usually be content with a combination of:

• Two or three shorter walks that add up to about 45 to 60 minutes a day
• Some off lead play in a secure garden or fenced area
• Indoor games such as tug, hide and seek, or fetch with soft toys

They are adaptable. A relaxed day with shorter strolls may be fine from time to time, but long term they do best with a steady routine of activity. Too little exercise can lead to restlessness, weight gain, or behaviour issues like excessive barking or chewing. On the other hand, they are not endurance athletes. Long, intense runs or very hard exercise can strain their joints. It is better to offer frequent moderate activity and mental enrichment.

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise for Cavachons. They enjoy puzzle feeders, simple scent games, and trick training. Teaching them to spin, give a paw, roll over, or weave through your legs keeps their mind busy and strengthens your bond. Many Cavachons thrive in low impact dog sports such as rally obedience, beginner agility at a gentle level, or canine freestyle, where they can show off their love of people and natural charm.

House training can take some patience, as with many small breeds, especially in bad weather when a small dog might be reluctant to go outside. Consistency, frequent toilet breaks, and rewards for going in the correct place usually bring good results. Using a covered area or litter tray for emergencies can help some owners, but it is still important to encourage regular outdoor toileting.

In summary, Cavachons do not need hours of intensive exercise, but they do need meaningful daily activity and training. They thrive when their minds are engaged, their bodies get regular movement, and they feel part of the family’s daily rhythm. With the right approach, training is not a chore but an enjoyable shared activity that helps your Cavachon become a well mannered, confident companion.

Health

As a cross between the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and the Bichon Frise, the Cavachon may inherit health strengths and weaknesses from both sides. Responsible breeding and informed ownership can make a big difference to individual dogs, so it helps to understand the most relevant health considerations.

One of the most widely discussed concerns from the Cavalier side is heart disease, particularly a condition called mitral valve disease. This is a problem with one of the heart valves that can lead to heart murmurs and eventually heart failure in serious cases. Some Cavachons may have a reduced risk if breeders select carefully, but it remains important to be aware of. Regular veterinary check ups, including listening to the heart, are essential throughout the dog’s life, especially from middle age onwards.

Orthopaedic issues are another area to watch. Small dogs can be prone to patellar luxation, where the kneecap can slip temporarily out of place, causing lameness or skipping. Hip dysplasia, although often thought of as a problem for larger breeds, can also occur. Sensible exercise while the dog is growing, avoiding obesity, and not encouraging excessive jumping from furniture can all help protect the joints. If a breeder offers health test results for hips or patellas in breeding parents, this is a positive sign.

From the Bichon side, skin and allergy issues may appear in some Cavachons. These can range from itchy skin to recurrent ear infections. A good quality diet, regular grooming, and early veterinary advice when problems appear can help keep things under control. Some Cavachons can also be prone to tear staining, which may be linked to eye shape, blocked tear ducts, or mild irritation. Gentle cleaning and checking with your vet if staining is excessive can be part of routine care.

Eye conditions, such as cataracts or retinal issues, may appear in either parent breed, so eye testing of breeding stock is valuable. Dental disease is another common problem in small dogs. Their teeth are often crowded, which allows plaque to build up more quickly. Daily or frequent tooth brushing using dog safe toothpaste, along with regular dental checks, can significantly improve long term oral health.

When choosing a Cavachon puppy, it is wise to look for breeders who are open about health, use health tested parents where possible, and are happy to discuss potential issues from both breeds involved. Recommended health tests for breeding stock often include:

• Heart evaluation by a veterinary professional
• Eye examinations
• Hip scores and patella checks
• In some lines, genetic tests relevant to Cavaliers or Bichons

The expected lifespan of a Cavachon usually falls around 12 to 15 years, sometimes longer with excellent care. Diet, weight control, dental hygiene, mental and physical exercise, and regular veterinary care all contribute to a healthy life. Vaccinations, parasite control, and early spay or neuter discussions with your vet are also part of responsible ownership.

Although no dog is guaranteed to be free from illness, many Cavachons live active, happy lives as much loved family members. By understanding their potential risks and working closely with a trusted vet, owners can take sensible, proactive steps to support their dog’s wellbeing from puppyhood through to senior years.

History & Origins

The Cavachon is a relatively modern crossbreed that brings together two long established toy companion breeds, the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and the Bichon Frise. While small spaniels and powder puff type dogs have existed for centuries across Europe, the intentional crossing that produced the Cavachon is believed to have started in the late twentieth century and became more widely known during the 1990s and 2000s.

The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel has its roots in the lapdogs of European nobility. These little spaniels were treasured as comfort dogs, often appearing in paintings seated next to their royal owners. Over time, they developed into the friendly, gentle breed we recognise today, known for their silky coats, melting eyes, and calm affection. However, concerns about health, particularly heart disease, have grown as the breed became more popular, and some breeders began exploring crosses that might combine the Cavalier temperament with the resilience of other small breeds.

The Bichon Frise has a slightly different background. Originating from Mediterranean lapdogs that travelled with sailors and lived in port cities, the Bichon later became a favourite among European aristocracy before almost disappearing from fashion. In the twentieth century, dedicated fanciers revived the breed, focusing on its cheerful personality, bright white coat, and lively charm. The Bichon is known for being playful, sturdy, and often somewhat more robust in health than some of the more extreme toy breeds.

The idea behind the Cavachon was to blend the Cavalier’s famously sweet, gentle nature with the Bichon’s cheerful, low shedding coat. Breeders and owners aimed for a small, affectionate family dog that could suit modern living, including apartments and busy households, and might also be more comfortable for allergy sufferers. As with many popular crosses, early Cavachons varied a great deal in looks and character, but over time certain expectations became common: a soft, wavy coat, warm temperament, and strong focus on companionship.

Today, the Cavachon is kept almost entirely as a companion and family pet. They are not typically used for traditional working roles, but some individuals train as therapy dogs because of their friendly, gentle nature and convenient size. You might see Cavachons visiting care homes, schools, or hospitals, where their calm presence and affectionate manner bring comfort to people of all ages.

The Cavachon is not usually recognised as a pedigree breed by major kennel clubs, since it is a intentional cross between two recognised breeds. This means there is no single international breed standard. Instead, different breeders and clubs have their own informal guidelines. As the cross has become more popular, some breeders now work in multi generation programmes, breeding Cavachon to Cavachon, while others continue to produce first generation litters from Cavalier and Bichon parents.

For potential owners, the history of the Cavachon is a reminder that this is a dog created with companionship at its heart. Their background combines centuries of lapdog tradition with a modern understanding of what families often need in a household pet. When selected carefully and raised with care, the Cavachon reflects this heritage as an adaptable, affectionate, and thoroughly people orientated little dog.

Living with the Breed

Living with a Cavachon means sharing your daily life with a small, affectionate shadow. They fit well into many types of homes, from city apartments to suburban houses, as long as their social and exercise needs are met. Prospective owners should be prepared for a dog that wants to be involved in family activities. A Cavachon is rarely happiest left alone in another room. They prefer to sit by your feet while you work, curl up on your lap in the evening, and accompany you on errands where dogs are welcome.

The level of commitment required is moderate. Cavachons are not demanding in terms of extreme exercise, but they do require:

• Daily walks and play sessions
• Consistent grooming, including professional grooming several times a year
• Regular training and mental stimulation
• Significant companionship and human interaction

If you work long hours away from home, you will need to plan for dog walkers, daycare, or a trusted friend or family member to help. Without enough company, a Cavachon may become anxious or develop unwanted behaviours. On the other hand, people who work from home, retirees, or families with varied schedules often find the Cavachon an excellent match.

Financially, owning a Cavachon includes initial costs, such as the price of a well bred puppy, vaccinations, microchipping, and neutering if chosen. On an ongoing basis, you can expect to budget yearly for:

• High quality dog food
• Routine veterinary care and vaccinations
• Parasite prevention
• Pet insurance, which can be very helpful for unexpected illness or injury
• Professional grooming every 6 to 8 weeks
• Replacement of toys, bedding, and other supplies

The grooming element is worth highlighting. Even with a simple pet trim, Cavachons need regular professional care to keep their coat manageable, plus brushing at home. Owners who enjoy grooming often find this aspect rewarding, but those who dislike brushing or visiting the groomer may find it burdensome. Considering this in advance helps avoid unpleasant surprises.

Useful equipment for living with a Cavachon includes a comfortable, well fitting harness and a light, sturdy lead for walks. Many owners prefer harnesses because they reduce strain on the neck and throat of small dogs. A cosy bed placed in a quiet corner, plus another resting place where the family spends time, gives your dog options for relaxation. Interactive toys, chew items, and puzzle feeders help keep them mentally occupied, especially during times when you are busy.

Because Cavachons are small, safety at home is important. Stair gates, secure fencing in the garden, and careful storage of cleaning products and food can prevent accidents. Teaching children how to respect the dog’s space, especially when it is resting or eating, builds trust on both sides. Routine, clear boundaries, and gentle rules about jumping up, begging at the table, or barking at windows will help your Cavachon become a polite member of the household.

Traveling with a Cavachon can be relatively easy due to their size. A secure crate or travel carrier for the car is essential for safety. Many Cavachons adapt quickly to new environments if they are with their people, and they often enjoy holidays, visits to friends, or trips to dog friendly cafes. Socialisation during the first months, including car rides and exposure to different places, will help your dog grow into a confident traveller.

In daily life, most Cavachon owners describe their dogs as affectionate, cheerful companions who bring a lot of joy without overwhelming demands. Their ideal home is one where they are truly part of the family, where their need for love, activity, and grooming is understood and welcomed. For someone prepared for that commitment, living with a Cavachon can be a deeply rewarding experience that fills ordinary days with warmth, humour, and steady, soft footed company.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of temperament does a Cavachon typically have?

This crossbreed is usually affectionate, sociable, and people oriented, often inheriting the gentle nature of the Cavalier and the cheerful energy of the Bichon. Most are good with children and other pets, but they can be sensitive and do best in homes that offer plenty of companionship and calm handling.

Are Cavachons really hypoallergenic and do they shed much?

Many individuals shed very lightly because of the Bichon influence, but no dog is truly hypoallergenic. Coats can vary within a litter, so some will shed more than others and allergy sufferers should spend time with adult dogs of similar parentage before committing.

How big do Cavachons get and are they suitable for apartments?

Most adults weigh around 12 to 20 pounds and have a compact, moderate build. Their small size and generally calm indoor demeanor can work well in apartments as long as they receive daily walks, some playtime, and are not left alone for long periods.

What health problems are Cavachons prone to from their Cavalier and Bichon heritage?

They can inherit issues seen in Cavaliers such as heart disease, especially mitral valve disease, and eye or joint problems. From the Bichon side there is some risk of allergies, skin problems, and bladder stones, so regular veterinary checks and monitoring for early signs are important.

How much exercise does a Cavachon actually need each day?

Most do well with about 30 to 60 minutes of activity per day, split between walks and short play sessions. They are usually more about companionship than intense sport, but they benefit from mental stimulation such as training games and gentle scent or puzzle activities.

What kind of grooming routine does a Cavachon coat require?

Their soft, often wavy coat can mat if neglected, so brushing several times a week is usually needed, along with professional grooming every 6 to 8 weeks. Regular ear cleaning, tear stain management, and trimming around the eyes are also common needs for this crossbreed.

Do Cavachons bark a lot or tend to develop separation anxiety?

Many are quite attached to their owners and can become vocal or distressed if left alone frequently for long hours. Early training, gradual alone-time practice, and providing mental enrichment can help reduce nuisance barking and prevent anxiety from developing.

Are Cavachons good with children and first-time dog owners?

Their gentle and friendly nature usually makes them a good match for families with respectful children and for beginners. However, their small size means they can be easily injured by rough handling, so supervision and teaching children appropriate interaction are essential.

How trainable are Cavachons and are they difficult to housebreak?

They tend to be eager to please and respond well to calm, reward-based training, although some can be a little soft or easily distracted. House training can take patience, as with many small breeds, so a consistent schedule, frequent outdoor trips, and crate training are often helpful.

What is the typical lifespan of a Cavachon and how can I help them live longer?

The average lifespan is often around 12 to 15 years, reflecting their small size and mixed heritage. Keeping them at a healthy weight, maintaining good dental care, providing regular exercise, and having routine veterinary checks can support a longer, healthier life.

Sources

• The Kennel Club (UK)
• The British Veterinary Association
• Förbundet Svenska Brukshundklubben (Sweden)