## Quick Facts

- Cheerful companion dog known for its cottony white coat and “smiling” expression  
- Typically 23 to 30 cm tall and weighing around 5 to 8 kg, making it a handy size for most homes  
- Low-shedding coat often suits allergy‑sensitive households, but needs regular grooming  
- Very people‑oriented and social, usually getting along well with children and other pets  
- Adaptable activity level, happy in both city apartments and houses, as long as it is included in family life  


## Appearance & Coat

The Bichon Frise is a small, sturdy companion dog that combines elegance with a surprisingly solid build. At first glance you notice the rounded outline, the dark, expressive eyes, and the powder puff coat that gives the breed such charm. Height at the shoulder is usually between 23 and 30 centimeters, with most adults weighing between 5 and 8 kilograms. They should never look fragile or spindly. A well bred Bichon has a short, strong back, a deep enough chest, and good bone, which all contribute to a balanced, athletic outline rather than a toy‑like delicateness.

The head is slightly rounded with a moderate stop, and the muzzle is not too long or too short. Dark, round eyes give a soft, alert, and friendly expression, which is a hallmark of the breed. The ears are covered with long hair and hang close to the cheeks. The tail is set high and carried gracefully over the back in a plume of soft curls. Viewed as a whole, the Bichon Frise should look happy, light on its feet, and always ready to engage with its people.

The coat is one of the main characteristics that makes the Bichon Frise so recognizable. It is double coated, with a soft, dense undercoat and a slightly coarser, curly outer coat. When properly groomed it forms a soft, springy texture that stands off the body and creates that well known round, plush look. The accepted color is pure white, although you may sometimes see very pale cream or apricot shadings on the ears or body in young dogs, which often fade as the dog matures.

Although the Bichon is often described as low shedding, the hair it does lose becomes trapped in the coat rather than falling on your floor. This makes regular grooming essential. At home, most owners need to brush and comb the coat at least three to four times per week to prevent tangles and mats, paying special attention to friction areas such as behind the ears, under the collar, around the armpits, and between the hind legs. Many families find that daily quick touch‑ups are easier than tackling big knots later.

Professional grooming is usually needed every four to eight weeks, depending on how short you prefer to keep the coat and how much time you can dedicate to maintenance. Regular visits to a groomer experienced with the Bichon Frise will help to keep the classic rounded head, neat body outline, and clean feet. It also gives the groomer a chance to check the skin for irritation, hot spots, or parasites hidden by the dense coat.

Basic coat care should also include cleaning the hair around the eyes to reduce staining, trimming the hair between the paw pads, and checking the ears weekly to keep them free from excess wax and hair. Many Bichon owners use dog‑safe eye wipes and a fine comb to keep the face tidy, especially since the white coat can show every little tear stain or food mark. With consistent care, the Bichon Frise’s coat remains a beautiful, soft cloud that invites cuddles and makes the breed visually unforgettable.  


## Temperament & Personality

The Bichon Frise is often described as a “happy little companion,” and that describes this breed rather well. It tends to be cheerful, lively, and full of curiosity about everything the family is doing. Most Bichons thrive on human company and want to be in the center of household life, not watching from the sidelines. If you are looking for a dog that will quietly stay in another room all day, this is probably not the right breed for you.

Around the home the Bichon Frise usually has two moods. There is the playful clown, racing around with toys, learning little tricks, and entertaining everyone with its antics. Then there is the cuddly lapdog that settles next to you on the sofa and is perfectly content just to be close. Many owners appreciate how adaptable the Bichon is. It can be lively and energetic when it is time to play, but once the excitement is over it can relax calmly indoors without constant demand for exercise.

With families, the Bichon Frise is generally affectionate and gentle. It often bonds strongly with all family members rather than just one person. Most Bichons enjoy the company of sensible children and love to join in games. Because of their small size, children should be taught to handle them carefully, avoid rough play, and never pick them up without supervision. For families who understand how to interact kindly with a small dog, the Bichon can be a delightful companion.

This breed typically gets along well with other friendly dogs and can live peacefully with cats, especially if introduced at a young age. The social nature of the Bichon Frise means that it enjoys canine playgroups, walks with dog friends, and visits from guests. Well socialized Bichons often greet visitors happily, without the reserve that some other breeds show, although individuals can vary in boldness.

There are also some challenges that prospective owners should consider. A strong attachment to people can lead to separation anxiety if the dog is left alone for long periods on a regular basis. A Bichon that is bored and lonely may bark excessively, chew furniture, or develop stress related behaviors. This breed suits households where someone is at home for a good part of the day, or where dog sitters or doggy day care are an option.

Some Bichon Frise can also be quite vocal when they hear noises in a hallway or see people walking past the window. While they are not typical guard dogs, they do like to announce things they consider interesting. Early training to respond to a “quiet” cue and providing enough mental stimulation can help keep barking under control.

In general, the Bichon Frise’s personality is bright, social, and endearing. With proper socialization, consistent guidance, and plenty of inclusion in daily family life, the breed usually grows into a confident, affectionate dog that charms almost everyone it meets.  


## Training & Exercise

The Bichon Frise is both intelligent and eager to please, which makes training an enjoyable activity for most owners. It responds best to positive reinforcement methods that use rewards such as treats, toys, and praise. Harsh corrections or rough handling are not only unnecessary but can damage the dog’s trust and willingness to learn. A gentle, consistent approach suits the sensitive yet lively nature of this breed.

Basic obedience training should start early. Even though the Bichon Frise is small, it benefits from the same foundations as any larger breed. Focus on skills like:

- Coming when called, even when distracted  
- Walking nicely on a loose lead  
- Waiting patiently at doors and before crossing roads  
- Settling on a mat or bed when asked  

Short, varied training sessions tend to work best. Many Bichons enjoy the “game” of learning and can become bored if exercises are too repetitive. It can help to mix simple commands that your dog already knows with new challenges. This keeps confidence high and prevents frustration. Trick training is particularly enjoyable for the breed. Teaching spins, bows, high fives, or weaving through your legs provides mental stimulation and strengthens your bond.

House training can sometimes be a longer process with small breeds, and the Bichon Frise is no exception. Tiny bladders and excitable personalities mean owners need patience and consistency. Taking the puppy out frequently, especially after eating, playing, or waking, and rewarding toileting in the correct place is essential. Indoor puppy pads can be a help in apartments but should not replace outdoor training entirely.

In terms of exercise, the Bichon Frise is generally moderate. It is not as demanding as many working or herding breeds, but it is no decorative ornament either. Daily walks are important for physical health and mental enrichment. Most adults are happy with two reasonably brisk walks of 20 to 30 minutes each, along with playtime at home. Young adults may enjoy more activity, while older dogs might prefer shorter but more frequent outings.

Beyond simple walks, the Bichon Frise often enjoys:

- Fetch games in the garden or living room  
- Interactive toys and food puzzles  
- Low‑impact agility or fun obstacle courses  
- Nose work games, such as searching for treats hidden around the house  

Because of their size, Bichons do not need huge yards, so they adapt very well to city living. What matters more than space is variety and interaction. A walk that allows time to sniff new scents, meet people, and explore different surfaces can be more satisfying than a rushed, purely physical exercise.

Owners should also be mindful of weather. The white coat offers some protection, but small dogs can feel the cold more easily and may appreciate a light coat in winter. During hot weather you should avoid intense exercise at midday and always provide fresh water and shade.

When training and exercise are approached thoughtfully, the Bichon Frise becomes a well mannered, content companion that enjoys sharing activities without overwhelming its owners with excessive energy needs.  


## Health

In general, the Bichon Frise is considered a relatively robust small breed, but like all purebred dogs it has a set of health issues that responsible breeders and owners should be aware of. Understanding potential problems allows you to choose a healthy puppy and to support your dog throughout its life.

The average lifespan of a Bichon Frise is often around 12 to 15 years, with many individuals reaching a good age when properly cared for. To support longevity, it helps to keep your dog at a healthy weight, provide regular veterinary checkups, maintain good dental care, and choose a balanced diet appropriate for age and activity level.

Some of the health concerns seen in the breed include:

- Allergies and skin problems. The Bichon’s sensitive skin and dense coat can make it prone to itching, redness, and infections. Triggers might include environmental allergens such as pollen or dust, food ingredients, or flea bites. Regular grooming, good parasite control, and veterinary guidance on diet can reduce the risk.

- Eye conditions. Cataracts, tear staining, and other eye issues can occur. Tear staining creates reddish or brown marks under the eyes, which are mostly cosmetic but sometimes linked to irritation or blocked tear ducts. Regular eye cleaning and vet checks help keep the eyes healthy.

- Orthopedic problems. Some Bichon Frise can develop patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place. This may cause lameness or an odd skipping gait. Responsible breeders usually have their breeding dogs checked for this condition. Maintaining a lean body weight and avoiding excessive jumping from heights can help protect the joints.

- Dental disease. Small breeds are often more prone to tartar build‑up and gum problems. Daily tooth brushing with a dog specific toothpaste or at least several times a week, combined with regular dental checks, goes a long way toward preventing painful dental disease later in life.

Reputable breeders may perform various health tests on their breeding stock, such as patella evaluations and eye examinations by qualified specialists. Some breeders also follow genetic screening programs for inherited issues that may appear in the wider Bichon Frise population. When speaking with breeders, do not hesitate to ask what tests they carry out and to see health certificates. A responsible breeder will welcome these questions.

Routine preventive care is equally important. Keep vaccinations and parasite prevention up to date, even for indoor dogs. Schedule yearly wellness visits with your veterinarian, and for senior Bichons, consider biannual checks that may include bloodwork to detect age related problems early. Monitoring any changes in appetite, thirst, weight, or behavior should become part of everyday life with your dog.

Nutrition also plays a role in health. Choose a high quality food formulated for small breeds, and avoid overfeeding with treats. Because the Bichon Frise can be quite persuasive at the table, it is easy for it to gain weight without noticing. Obesity increases the risk of joint strain, diabetes, and other conditions, and can significantly shorten lifespan.

With attentive care, early detection of health issues, and responsible breeding practices, many Bichon Frise live long, comfortable lives. Preparing for potential health needs is part of being a committed owner and allows you to enjoy many years with a happy, active companion.  


## History & Origins

The Bichon Frise belongs to a family of small white dogs that have accompanied people for centuries around the Mediterranean region. Its story is intertwined with that of other Bichon type breeds, such as the Maltese, Bolognese, and Havanese. These little dogs were often kept on trading ships and in ports, where they served partly as companions and partly as efficient ratters, helping to keep vermin under control.

Historical records suggest that ancestors of the Bichon Frise were especially associated with the Canary Islands, particularly the island of Tenerife. Sailors and traders are thought to have brought these dogs from the islands to mainland Europe. There they soon found favor among the nobility and wealthy families. In the courts of France, Spain, and Italy, these charming white dogs became popular as lapdogs and symbols of refinement and good taste.

During the Renaissance and later centuries, similar little white dogs frequently appeared in paintings and engravings, often sitting on the laps of elegant ladies or at the feet of kings. Their role as companions was already well established, and they were cherished more for their character and beauty than for any working ability. The ability of the Bichon type dogs to learn tricks and entertain also attracted street performers and circus trainers, who used them as clever show dogs in traveling acts.

Despite this glamorous and artistic history, the fortunes of the Bichon type dogs were not always secure. Political and social changes in Europe caused fashions to shift, and at various times the breed’s popularity declined. According to breed tradition, the little white dogs that would become the modern Bichon Frise survived partly thanks to ordinary people and performers who appreciated their merry temperament and usefulness as companions.

In the twentieth century, dedicated enthusiasts in France and Belgium worked to preserve and standardize the breed. The name “Bichon Frise,” loosely meaning “curly coated Bichon,” began to be used. Official recognition followed, and the breed standard was established to describe the appearance and character that breeders aimed to maintain. From these foundations, the Bichon Frise spread to other countries in Europe and later to North America and beyond.

Today the Bichon Frise is primarily a companion dog, prized for its friendly nature and attractive coat. It is also seen in various dog sports and activities, including obedience, agility, and rally, where its intelligence and enthusiasm can shine. The breed occasionally appears in therapy dog work as well, visiting hospitals, schools, and nursing homes to bring comfort and smiles.

Modern Bichon Frise dogs still reflect their long history as cheerful companions. Their sociable temperament, playful spirit, and strong bond with people have remained constant, even as their role shifted from royal lapdog to beloved family pet in homes all around the world.  


## Living with the Breed

Sharing your home with a Bichon Frise is a rewarding experience, but it also comes with specific responsibilities that new owners should understand. This is not a dog that thrives with minimal interaction or care. It is a true companion dog that wants to be involved in family life, and its grooming needs in particular require regular attention.

Time commitment is an important consideration. Alongside daily walks and play sessions, the Bichon’s coat demands consistent maintenance. Expect to spend time brushing and combing several days a week, if not daily, to keep tangles under control. Regular grooming appointments every four to eight weeks should be factored into both your schedule and your budget. For some owners, learning basic trimming skills at home can help reduce professional grooming costs, but many still rely on a groomer for the full, breed typical look.

Financially, you should plan for typical dog expenses such as high quality food, vaccinations, parasite prevention, pet insurance where available, and routine veterinary care. On top of these, Bichon Frise owners often have higher grooming costs than owners of short coated breeds. Toys, beds, leads, harnesses, and training classes also add to the yearly total. While costs vary by country and lifestyle, it is wise to calculate a realistic annual budget before bringing a Bichon home.

In terms of living space, the Bichon adapts well to apartments, townhouses, and larger homes. Access to a secure garden is nice but not required, as long as the dog receives sufficient outdoor walks and mental stimulation. What matters more than floor area is how much time the family spends with the dog. This breed does not enjoy long hours of solitude. Households where someone works from home, has flexible hours, or can arrange pet sitters or doggy day care often suit the Bichon Frise best.

A few pieces of useful equipment can make daily life easier:

- A comfortable, washable dog bed placed in a quiet corner where the dog can rest undisturbed  
- A secure harness and lightweight lead for walks, which are often kinder to a small dog’s neck than a collar alone  
- A set of grooming tools, including a slicker brush, metal comb, nail clippers or grinder, and dog safe shampoo  
- Interactive toys and food puzzles to provide mental stimulation on rainy days  

Socialization and routine are also part of living happily with a Bichon Frise. Early and positive exposure to different environments, people of all ages, and other dogs helps your Bichon grow into a confident adult. Establishing predictable daily routines for meals, walks, play, and quiet time gives the dog a sense of security. At the same time, gentle training to be calm when left alone for short periods is important to prevent separation issues.

For families with children, setting clear rules about how to handle and respect the dog is vital. Teaching children not to disturb the dog while it is sleeping or eating, and showing them how to play soft, supervised games, protects both child and dog. With this guidance, many Bichons become devoted playmates and affectionate companions for kids.

In everyday life, a well cared for Bichon Frise is a pleasure to have around. It often follows you from room to room, curious about your activities, and is quick to invite you to play or offer a cuddle. Its cheerful presence can lift the mood in the home, and its manageable size makes it easy to take along on travels, holidays, or visits to friends. For people willing to invest the necessary time, training, and grooming care, living with a Bichon Frise means sharing life with a bright, friendly, and loyal little dog that truly becomes part of the family.

Bichon Frise

The Kennel Club (UK)

Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)

Dansk Kennel Klub (Danish Kennel Club)

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

Deutscher Bichon Frisé Club e.V.

Small, sturdy companion dog (23–30 cm, 5–8 kg) with a cottony white, low‑shedding coat that needs frequent grooming. Cheerful, people‑oriented, and adaptable to city or house living, it enjoys play and cuddles, moderate daily exercise, and close inclusion in family life.

## Quick Facts

- One of the smallest terriers, but packed with confidence and character.  
- Bred as a hardworking ratter on farms and in stables, so still loves to hunt and explore.  
- Distinctive prick ears and a slightly foxy expression that gives a bright, alert look.  
- Weather resistant, “wash and wear” harsh coat that needs regular tidying rather than heavy grooming.  
- Generally sturdy and long lived, often remaining playful and lively well into their senior years.  


## Appearance & Coat

The Norwich Terrier is a small, compact dog, but people are often surprised by how solid and sturdy this little terrier feels when they pick one up. The ideal height is around 25 to 26 centimeters at the withers, with a weight that typically falls between 5 and 6 kilograms, although some healthy dogs sit just outside this range. The body is short and well knit, with good bone and substance. Nothing about the Norwich should look fragile or fine boned. They were bred as working terriers, so the overall impression is of a small but capable dog that could fit into tight spaces, yet still stand its ground.

The head is one of the most charming features. Norwich Terriers have a slightly rounded skull, a strong muzzle, and a distinct stop. Their dark, oval eyes are bright and full of expression, often giving an impression of curiosity and mischief. Pricked, medium sized ears sit well apart and are carried erect, which adds to the alert and foxy expression that many owners fall in love with. The tail is usually of moderate length, set high and carried gaily when the dog is on the move, although not curled over the back.

The coat is a big part of the breed’s character. Norwich Terriers wear a harsh, straight, weather resistant outer coat with a dense and softer undercoat. The body coat should feel tight and almost wiry to the touch, never soft or fluffy. Around the neck and shoulders there is often a thicker ruff that gives a slightly lion like look, while the hair on the head and ears is shorter and smoother, with enough hair on the muzzle to form gentle whiskers but not a full beard.

Accepted colors include:

- Red, from light wheaten to deep rich red  
- Black and tan  
- Grizzle  
- Wheaten  

White markings are not typical and are generally discouraged in the show ring, although a small patch is not unusual in pets.

Coat care for a Norwich Terrier is fairly manageable compared with many other breeds, but it is important to maintain the correct texture. Regular brushing, about two to three times a week, helps remove loose hair and prevent tangles, especially around the ruff and hindquarters. A slicker brush and a metal comb usually work well. Many owners also learn basic hand stripping, which means gently pulling out dead outer coat by hand or with a stripping knife. This keeps the coat harsh and weatherproof. Clipping is possible for pet dogs, but it tends to soften the coat and can make it more prone to matting and absorbing dirt.

Bathing should be done only when needed, since frequent baths can strip the natural oils that protect the coat and skin. A mild dog shampoo, followed by thorough rinsing and drying, is usually enough. Check ears regularly for wax and debris, trim nails every few weeks, and keep an eye on dental health. Their small mouths can be prone to tartar, so regular tooth brushing is very helpful. With sensible grooming and attention to coat texture, the Norwich Terrier remains a smart, practical little dog who always looks ready for action.  


## Temperament & Personality

Life with a Norwich Terrier is rarely dull. This is a big personality in a small body, often described as fearless, game, and full of fun. At the same time, a well bred and well socialized Norwich is also known for being more easy going and less sharp than some other terrier breeds. They tend to bond very closely with their families and usually prefer being involved in every part of household life instead of being left on the sidelines.

Around the home, the Norwich Terrier often follows their people from room to room, always interested in what is happening. Many owners describe them as “shadows with muddy paws.” They love to curl up on the sofa after a good walk or play session, and while they are certainly active, their energy is not usually excessive as long as their needs for exercise and mental stimulation are met. Indoors, they can be fairly calm, but they switch to full “on duty” mode the moment the doorbell rings or a squirrel dares to cross the garden.

With children, Norwich Terriers are generally affectionate and playful, especially if they have grown up with them. Their sturdy body and confident nature often make them more tolerant of the noise and bustle of family life than some other toy sized breeds. That said, they are still small dogs and should be treated with respect. Young children need to be taught how to handle them gently, and interactions should always be supervised to avoid accidents such as rough grabbing or falling on the dog. When treated kindly, many Norwich become wonderful childhood companions who join in games and love being part of family routines.

With other dogs, Norwich Terriers can be sociable if well introduced and socialized from puppyhood. They are terriers, so they may not back down if challenged, but most are not naturally quarrelsome. Care around much larger and boisterous dogs is sensible to prevent injury. With cats and small pets, their strong prey drive can be a challenge. Some Norwich live peacefully with a resident cat that they have grown up with, but wild animals and small furry pets such as hamsters or rabbits are likely to trigger their natural hunting instincts.

Common challenges often relate to this terrier heritage. Norwich Terriers like to bark to announce visitors or interesting noises, which makes them good little watchdogs but can cause tension with neighbors if not guided early. They may dig in the garden in search of imaginary prey, and their curiosity can tempt them to follow an interesting scent under a fence. Good fencing and supervision in the garden are therefore important. Separation anxiety can appear in dogs that are left alone for many hours, since they tend to thrive on companionship. A Norwich Terrier is happiest when it can share life closely with its people, not when it is treated as a decorative accessory.  


## Training & Exercise

Norwich Terriers are intelligent and motivated dogs, but they also come with a dash of terrier independence. Successful training usually combines patience, consistency, and a good sense of humor. They respond extremely well to positive reinforcement methods that use food, toys, and praise as rewards. Harsh corrections or heavy handed handling can damage their trust and may make them stubborn or worried instead of cooperative.

Basic obedience training should start early, ideally from the day the puppy comes home. Short, varied sessions work best, since Norwich Terriers can lose interest if work becomes repetitive. Simple cues such as “sit,” “down,” “come,” and “leave it” are important, as is reliable recall. Because of their instinct to chase small animals, a solid recall is one of the most valuable skills you can teach. Many owners find that using a long training line outdoors during the learning phase allows the dog some freedom while still keeping everyone safe.

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Norwich Terriers enjoy problem solving, so games and training that ask them to think can be very satisfying. They often excel at:

- Clicker training of tricks and fun behaviors  
- Nose work games, such as searching for hidden treats or toys  
- Interactive puzzle feeders and slow feeding bowls  
- Beginner level agility or rally activities  

Formal dog sports are not a requirement, but they can be a great outlet for an energetic Norwich and a lovely way to strengthen the bond between dog and owner.

In terms of exercise, the Norwich Terrier is more active than its size suggests. Most adults need around one to one and a half hours of daily activity, spread across walks, play, and free exploration. A typical day might include a brisk morning walk, some play time or training games during the afternoon, and a shorter evening stroll. They usually enjoy off lead running in safe, enclosed areas. Many Norwich love to chase balls and play tug, and some enjoy paddling or swimming in safe water once they have been gently introduced.

Young puppies should not be over exercised, since their bones and joints are still developing. Short, frequent outings and gentle play are better than long hikes. As the dog matures, you can gradually increase distance and intensity. Adult Norwich Terriers often enjoy longer countryside walks and can keep up surprisingly well, but it is wise to build fitness slowly and pay attention to very hot weather, as their small bodies can overheat faster than a larger, leaner breed.

Because they are bright and sometimes a little too self assured, Norwich Terriers will take advantage of inconsistency. Clear rules and routines help them understand what is expected. For example, decide early whether your dog will be allowed on the sofa or bed, and stick to it. Many owners find crate training useful for managing rest periods and creating a safe space, especially during puppyhood. When training is fun, varied, and fair, the Norwich Terrier tends to become a cheerful and keen partner who loves to show off what it has learned.  


## Health

The Norwich Terrier is generally considered a robust and healthy breed, especially compared with some larger or more heavily exaggerated breeds. Their moderate structure, natural tail, and functional body preserve much of the soundness required in a working terrier. Many Norwich live well into their teens, with 12 to 14 years being common when they receive good care, a healthy diet, and sensible exercise.

Like all breeds, they have some health issues that occur more frequently than in the general dog population. Responsible breeders work to reduce these risks through health testing, thoughtful breeding choices, and careful monitoring of lines.

Some conditions that are known in the breed include:

- Respiratory issues such as upper airway problems and a condition known as Norwich Terrier Upper Airway Syndrome, which can involve noisy breathing, gagging, or exercise intolerance in affected dogs  
- Eye conditions, including cataracts and other inherited eye diseases  
- Patellar luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, which can cause lameness or an odd skipping gait  
- Hip dysplasia, less common in this small breed than in large dogs, but still monitored in many countries  
- Dental issues, as with many small breeds, including tartar buildup and occasional tooth crowding  

Health testing recommendations can vary by country and kennel club, but may include eye examinations, knee checks, and in some regions, respiratory evaluations and hip scoring. Prospective puppy buyers should feel comfortable asking breeders what health tests they carry out and how they use the results in planning their litters. A caring breeder will be open about the strengths and weaknesses in their lines and will explain how they aim to improve the health and temperament of future generations.

Routine veterinary care plays a big role in keeping a Norwich Terrier healthy. Regular checkups, vaccinations or titer testing according to local guidelines, and parasite control for fleas, ticks, and worms are all important. Preventive dental care is particularly valuable. Brushing the dog’s teeth several times a week with canine toothpaste can greatly reduce the risk of periodontal disease, which in turn supports overall health, including heart and kidney function.

Weight management deserves close attention. Because the Norwich Terrier is compact and small, just a kilogram of extra weight represents a significant percentage of their body mass. Extra weight can put pressure on joints, worsen breathing issues, and reduce energy levels. A good quality, balanced diet appropriate for the dog’s age, activity level, and any special needs, combined with portion control and regular exercise, helps maintain an ideal body condition.

Owners should be aware of early signs that might indicate health concerns, such as changes in breathing sounds, reduced exercise tolerance, persistent coughing, cloudiness in the eyes, changes in gait, or reluctance to jump. Early veterinary assessment usually leads to better outcomes. With informed breeding practices and attentive lifelong care, most Norwich Terriers enjoy many years of active, affectionate companionship.  


## History & Origins

The Norwich Terrier comes from the historic county of Norfolk in eastern England, an area known for its farms, stables, and bustling market towns. The breed developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as a small, agile working terrier whose main job was to control rats and other vermin. Farmers, horsemen, and stable workers valued a dog that could fit into tight spaces, had the courage to face determined pests, and still be friendly and manageable around people and other dogs.

The early Norwich type likely arose from mixing various small terriers that were common in the region at the time, including red and wheaten working terriers that bore some resemblance to today’s Cairn and Irish Terriers. These little dogs were sometimes known locally as “Cantab” terriers, especially around Cambridge, where they gained popularity among students who kept them as both companions and ratters in college rooms and stables.

Originally, both prick eared and drop eared varieties were considered the same breed. Over time, enthusiasts began to focus more carefully on type and standardization. In 1932, the breed was officially recognized under the name Norwich Terrier, taking its name from the city of Norwich. For many years, both ear types were registered together. However, the differences in appearance and breeding became more distinct, leading eventually to a formal separation. In the 1960s, kennel clubs in several countries recognized the prick eared dogs as Norwich Terriers and the drop eared dogs as a separate but closely related breed, the Norfolk Terrier.

Despite their small size, Norwich Terriers retained their working character. They were used not only for farm and stable work but also sometimes for bolting foxes, although they were never large enough to take on such quarry directly. Their courage, persistence, and compact build made them valuable companions wherever vermin were a problem.

As the twentieth century progressed and the need for working ratters declined, the Norwich Terrier gradually transitioned into a companion and show dog. The breed’s cheerful attitude, portability, and manageable coat helped it gain admirers in Britain, Scandinavia, and North America, and later across the world. Breed clubs formed to protect and promote the Norwich Terrier, focusing on preserving sound structure, stable temperament, and the tough, weather resistant coat that spoke of its working past.

Today, the Norwich Terrier is rarely used as a professional ratter, but the instincts remain. Many enjoy earthdog trials, tracking games, and other activities that mimic their traditional work. Above all, they are cherished as lively, affectionate family companions that bring a touch of old farmhouse spirit into modern homes. Their history as a practical, hardworking terrier still shapes their character, making the Norwich Terrier a small dog of real substance and determination.  


## Living with the Breed

Bringing a Norwich Terrier into your home means committing to an engaging, energetic companion who wants to be fully involved in your daily life. This is not a breed that thrives when left alone for long working days without company or stimulation. They fit well into many types of households, from single owners in apartments to active families in houses with gardens, as long as their social and exercise needs are met.

In terms of space, Norwich Terriers adapt well to smaller homes, provided they receive enough outdoor time and mental stimulation. A securely fenced garden is ideal but not essential if you can offer several good walks every day. Because of their hunting instincts, a secure environment is important. Gaps under fences, loose boards, or easy escape routes can all tempt a curious Norwich. Many owners choose solid fencing rather than low decorative borders, and some supervise all garden time to prevent digging or adventurous exploration.

The daily routine with a Norwich Terrier often includes a mix of walks, play, and relaxation. They appreciate structure. Morning and evening walks at roughly the same times each day, regular feeding times, and consistent rules help them feel secure. They particularly enjoy being involved in family activities, such as car trips, visits to dog friendly cafés, or watching sports in the park. The more they are included, the happier they tend to be.

Financially, owning a Norwich Terrier involves similar costs to other small pedigree dogs. Initial expenses include the purchase price, vaccinations, microchipping, spaying or neutering if appropriate, a crate or bed, bowls, grooming tools, a harness or collar, lead, toys, and insurance if you choose to take it. Ongoing annual costs usually involve:

- Quality food  
- Routine veterinary care and vaccinations  
- Parasite prevention  
- Grooming, especially if you use a professional for hand stripping  
- Pet insurance or a savings fund for unexpected veterinary bills  

Grooming costs can vary depending on whether you learn to hand strip at home or visit a groomer regularly. Many owners choose a combination, doing basic maintenance themselves and booking a few professional sessions each year.

Useful equipment for a Norwich Terrier includes a well fitting harness for walks, since small dogs can be prone to neck strain if they pull on a collar. A crate or quiet den area helps with house training and provides a safe retreat. Because they like to chew and play, a variety of durable toys is valuable, including chew toys, small balls that fit safely in their mouth, and soft toys for indoor games. Puzzle feeders or treat dispensing toys are excellent for keeping their clever minds busy, especially when you are occupied with other tasks.

New owners should be prepared to invest time in early socialization. Introducing the puppy to a wide range of people, gentle dogs, sounds, and environments in a positive way helps create a confident adult Norwich Terrier. Puppy training classes run by experienced instructors can be very beneficial. Consistent boundaries and calm leadership help prevent common behavior issues such as excessive barking or possessiveness over toys.

Living with a Norwich Terrier rewards that commitment in many ways. You gain a loyal, lively little dog who is usually ready to walk, play, or simply sit beside you while you relax. Their size makes them easy to transport, and their sturdy temperament means they are often good travelers and adaptable guests. With thoughtful preparation and a realistic view of the time and energy required, a Norwich Terrier fits beautifully into many modern lifestyles, bringing companionship, enthusiasm, and a touch of terrier spirit to every day.

Norwich Terrier

Norwich Terrier Club of Great Britain

Den Norske Kenneklub (Norwegian Kennel Club)

Norwich Terriers are small, sturdy, confident terriers with prick ears, a foxy, alert expression and a harsh, weather‑resistant coat. Bred as farm ratters, they remain lively, curious hunters, need regular exercise, mental stimulation and moderate grooming, and are generally long lived.

Bichon Frise vs Norwich Terrier

Characteristics

Summary

Similar breeds