Basset Hound

¶Table of Contents

¶Quick Facts

Classic scenthound with an incredible nose that can follow a trail for hours
Distinctive low, long body with heavy bone and loose skin that gives a naturally “sad” expression
Calm, affectionate family dog that usually gets along well with children and other pets
Independent and sometimes stubborn thinker that needs patient, reward based training
Moderate exercise needs but very strong hunting instinct, so secure fencing and leash use are essential

¶Appearance & Coat

The Basset Hound is one of those breeds that people recognize instantly, even if they do not know the name. The body is long and very low to the ground, supported by short but strongly boned legs. This shape is no accident. It was developed so the dog could follow a scent close to the earth at a steady pace, while the hunter walked behind. Although the Basset Hound is short, it is not a small dog. Adults are heavy and solid, often weighing as much as a medium or large breed. A typical adult stands around 33 to 38 centimeters at the shoulder, but the weight can reach 23 to 30 kilograms or more, depending on sex and build.

The head is one of the most striking features. It is large and noble with a pronounced stop, long, low set ears and loose skin that forms wrinkles around the forehead and cheeks. The eyes are usually dark and soulful, giving the Basset Hound its famous gentle, slightly melancholic expression. The long ears and facial skin actually help funnel scent toward the nose when the dog is tracking a trail.

The body should appear powerful and substantial without being fat. A Basset should have a noticeable chest with plenty of depth and a long ribcage. The back is level and strong, not weak or sagging, and the tail is set high, carried in a gentle curve when the dog is moving. Good breeders pay attention to overall soundness and balance, since this low build can put strain on joints and spine if the dog is too heavy or poorly constructed.

The coat of the Basset Hound is short, dense and weather resistant. It lies close to the body and feels smooth to the touch. There is no need for trimming or complicated grooming, which is a relief for many owners. Accepted colors are usually any hound color, most commonly tricolor (black, white and tan) or bicolor (lemon and white, red and white). Some dogs have darker or lighter shadings, ticking in the white areas, or more extensive patches of color. The color does not affect temperament, but patterns are often a matter of personal preference for new owners.

Coat care is straightforward but should not be neglected. A weekly brushing with a soft bristle brush or grooming mitt helps to remove dead hair and keep the skin healthy. Basset Hounds shed steadily all year rather than in dramatic seasonal clumps, so regular brushing is more effective than an occasional big effort. Because of the loose skin, it is important to check for any redness, irritation or damp areas, particularly in folds.

The ears need special attention. Long, drooping ears have poor air circulation, which makes them prone to wax build up and infections. Owners should gently clean the ears once or twice a week with a dog safe ear cleaner and cotton pads, never inserting anything deep into the ear canal. Keeping the ears dry after rain or swimming also helps prevent problems.

Other routine grooming includes:

Wiping the eyes when necessary, as some Basset Hounds can have mild tearing
Keeping nails trimmed short to protect the low joints and improve comfort
Checking teeth and providing regular dental care, such as brushing or dental chews

With consistent, gentle upkeep, the Basset Hound’s coat and skin remain in good condition and the dog keeps that classic, dignified appearance that so many people love.

¶Temperament & Personality

Living with a Basset Hound feels like sharing your home with a wise, slightly comical friend. This breed is known for its calm, kindly nature and strong attachment to family. Basset Hounds were bred to work closely with people and other dogs in packs, so most individuals are naturally sociable and enjoy company. They rarely show unprovoked aggression and are usually polite or reserved rather than pushy with strangers.

In the home, a Basset Hound tends to be relaxed and steady. Many owners describe them as “couch potatoes with sudden bursts of energy.” Indoors, they are happy to lounge in a comfortable spot, often choosing a soft bed or the corner of a sofa if allowed. They like to be near their people and will often follow from room to room, then settle down again. This calm presence suits families who want a companion that can adapt to a quieter lifestyle without constant demands for action.

With children, the Basset Hound is usually patient and tolerant. Their sturdy build means they are less fragile than some small breeds, and their kind nature makes them good companions for respectful kids. However, like all dogs, they should not be treated as toys. Children must be taught to avoid pulling ears or climbing on the dog’s back, since the long spine needs protection. Supervision is always wise, especially with very young children who may not understand how to handle a dog gently.

Basset Hounds often get along well with other dogs, particularly if they have been properly socialized. Their history as pack hunters means that many Bassets actively enjoy canine company and may be happier living with another dog. They can also coexist peacefully with cats and other small pets, especially when introduced carefully from a young age. It is important to remember that the hunting instinct is still strong, so fast moving small animals outdoors may trigger chasing behavior.

One of the defining features of the Basset Hound personality is independence. They are extremely scent focused and once they pick up an interesting trail, their nose can switch off their ears. This tendency can sometimes be mistaken for stubbornness, but it is really a product of their original purpose as scenthounds. They were bred to follow a smell without constantly asking their handler for instructions. As a result, recall training and general obedience require patience and a sense of humor.

The Basset Hound can be vocal in a variety of ways. Many have a deep, melodic bark or bay that they use when excited, following a scent, or announcing the arrival of visitors. Inside the home, some are fairly quiet while others like to join in with household noises or “answer” conversations. Early training to reward calm behavior can help manage excessive barking. Their voice is part of their charm, but neighbors may not always agree, so it is wise to consider your living situation.

Common temperament challenges include:

Selective hearing when following a scent
Resistance to harsh or repetitive training methods
Possible stubbornness when asked to do something they find pointless
A tendency to become vocal if bored, lonely or under stimulated

Despite these quirks, a well raised Basset Hound is affectionate, humorous and devoted. They generally thrive when they feel included in family life, with a routine that combines gentle activity, mental stimulation and plenty of relaxed companionship on the sofa. For people who appreciate a dog with character and do not expect razor sharp obedience, the Basset Hound can be an endlessly rewarding companion.

¶Training & Exercise

Training a Basset Hound requires a blend of patience, consistency and creativity. This breed is intelligent, but not always in a way that fits neatly into classic obedience patterns. They think for themselves and often weigh up whether a request makes sense to them. Harsh corrections or forceful methods tend to backfire. A Basset Hound may simply shut down or become more stubborn if it feels pressured.

Positive reinforcement is key. Food rewards usually work very well, as most Basset Hounds are enthusiastic eaters. Small, tasty treats combined with praise and a warm tone help motivate them to repeat desired behaviors. Short, varied training sessions work better than long, demanding ones. For example, two or three five minute sessions spread through the day are more effective than one half hour session where both dog and owner become frustrated.

Important early training goals include:

Reliable house training, using a clear routine and plenty of chances to go outside
Teaching a polite response to visitors, such as sitting instead of jumping or barking
Walking on a loose lead, since a strong Basset can pull surprisingly hard for its size
Building a strong reward history for coming when called, started in safe, low distraction places

Recall is often the biggest challenge with this breed. Their incredible nose and deep instinct to follow scent can override everything else. Many owners choose to keep their Basset Hound on a long line or in secure fenced areas when off lead. This approach is not a failure in training. It is simply a practical way to respect the dog’s nature while keeping it safe from traffic or getting lost.

In terms of exercise, the Basset Hound is moderate. They are not athletes like some hounds, but they are also not as lazy as their relaxed indoor nature suggests. Adult Basset Hounds usually do well with around 1 to 1.5 hours of activity per day, split into two or three walks. The ideal routine includes steady walking, some sniffing time and occasional bursts of play. Long hikes on rough ground or high impact running are not suitable, because of the strain on their long backs and short legs.

Sniffing is extremely important for this breed’s mental well being. Scent games and “sniffari” walks, where the dog is allowed to explore smells at its own pace, can be far more satisfying than endless ball throwing. You can make use of their natural talent at home by hiding treats in different rooms or in the garden and encouraging them to find them, or by scattering kibble in the grass instead of always feeding from a bowl.

Many Basset Hounds enjoy:

Tracking or mantrailing activities that allow them to follow a human scent trail
Nosework classes and scent detection games
Low impact obedience or rally obedience that focuses on fun and teamwork
Puzzle feeders and interactive toys that release small amounts of food

When exercising a young Basset Hound puppy, special care is needed. Their bones and joints are still developing, and the low, heavy build can be vulnerable to strain. Avoid long walks, stair climbing and jumping from furniture. Short, frequent outings on soft ground, combined with gentle play, are sufficient. As the dog matures, the distance and intensity can increase gradually, guided by your veterinarian’s advice.

Mental exercise is just as important as physical activity. A bored Basset Hound may become destructive, vocal or more determined to escape the garden in search of adventure. Training tricks, food puzzles, scent games and simply including the dog in day to day family life all help to keep their mind engaged.

With the right approach, training and exercise time becomes a way to build partnership. The Basset Hound will never be a robot like some working breeds, but it can learn excellent manners and a range of useful cues. Owners who accept the breed’s independent streak and work with it, rather than against it, usually find that their Basset becomes a willing, if occasionally humorous, student.

¶Health

The Basset Hound is a generally robust breed in terms of temperament and character, but its unique body shape and genetic background bring certain health considerations. Responsible breeders and informed owners can do a great deal to reduce risk and support a long, comfortable life.

One of the primary concerns is the skeletal and joint system. The long back and short legs place the spine and joints under particular stress, especially if the dog is overweight. Common issues include intervertebral disc disease, elbow and hip problems and general joint strain. Careful management of body weight, suitable exercise on non slippery surfaces and avoidance of high impact activities are vital for protecting these structures.

Obesity is a serious risk for Basset Hounds. Their love of food, combined with a calm indoor lifestyle, can easily lead to extra kilos. Excess weight does not just affect appearance. It increases the likelihood of arthritis, breathing difficulties, heart strain and mobility problems. Owners should monitor body condition regularly, feel for the ribs under a light layer of flesh and adjust food portions according to the dog’s actual activity level. Regular weigh ins at the vet or on a home scale can help catch weight gain early.

Due to the long, drooping ears, Basset Hounds are prone to ear infections. Warm, moist conditions inside the ear canal can encourage yeast and bacteria growth. Signs of trouble include head shaking, scratching, odor or redness. Routine ear cleaning, drying the ears after swimming or bathing and prompt veterinary treatment if an infection develops are essential parts of care.

The eyes also need attention. The loose skin can cause the eyelids to roll inward or outward, conditions known as entropion and ectropion. Both can irritate the eye and may lead to infections or damage to the cornea. Some Bassets also experience cherry eye, where a gland in the third eyelid prolapses and becomes visible. Any persistent redness, discharge or squinting should be checked by a veterinarian.

Other potential health issues in the breed include:

Gastric dilatation volvulus, often known as bloat, a serious emergency where the stomach fills with gas and may twist. Feeding smaller meals, avoiding heavy exercise right before and after eating, and monitoring for symptoms such as unproductive retching can help reduce risk.
Skin problems in the folds, such as irritation, hotspots or infections, especially in humid climates or if grooming is neglected.
Some hereditary conditions affecting the heart, endocrine system or immune function, depending on individual lines.

Responsible breeding is crucial. Recommended health tests for breeding Basset Hounds typically include:

Hip and elbow evaluations to assess joint health
Eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist to screen for inherited eye diseases
Cardiac checks when indicated by family history or local breeding guidelines

Prospective puppy buyers should feel comfortable asking breeders about health testing, the longevity of their dogs and any issues seen in the line. A good breeder will be open and informative rather than defensive.

The typical lifespan of a Basset Hound is around 10 to 12 years, although some live longer with excellent care. To support a healthy life, owners should:

Provide a high quality, balanced diet in appropriate amounts
Maintain a consistent exercise routine without overloading the joints
Keep up with vaccinations, parasite control and regular veterinary checkups
Watch for subtle changes in mobility, appetite or behavior that might signal pain or illness

Dental health should not be overlooked. Like many breeds, Basset Hounds can suffer from tartar buildup and gum disease. Regular tooth brushing, dental chews and professional cleanings when needed help prevent bad breath and tooth loss.

By combining sensible breeding, thoughtful daily care and regular veterinary support, many of the health challenges in this beloved breed can be managed or minimized. The reward is a companion who stays active, comfortable and full of character throughout their years.

¶History & Origins

The Basset Hound has a rich and fascinating history that reaches back many centuries. Its story begins in France, where low set scenthounds were developed to track game slowly and methodically. The word “basset” comes from the French “bas,” meaning “low,” and accurately describes these short legged hounds that moved close to the ground.

In medieval and early modern France, hunting was an important activity for nobility and rural communities alike. While fast, long legged hounds were used for chasing deer and other swift game, there was also a need for dogs that could work steadily through dense undergrowth, following scent trails of hare, rabbit and other small animals. Short legged hounds with powerful noses were ideal for this role. Their slower pace meant that hunters on foot could keep up, making this type of dog particularly popular with those who did not hunt on horseback.

Several regional varieties of low hounds existed, and over time, selective breeding refined their characteristics. The early French Bassets were ancestors not only of the modern Basset Hound but also of other related breeds. These dogs were valued for their persistence on the trail, their ability to work in packs and their clear, musical voices that allowed hunters to follow their progress even when they were out of sight.

The modern Basset Hound as we know it today took shape in the 19th century, particularly under British influence. Basset type dogs were imported from France to Britain, where breeders began to develop a more standardized form. Crosses with Bloodhounds are widely believed to have contributed to the heavier bone, longer ears and more pronounced wrinkles that characterize the breed now. The Bloodhound influence also reinforced the extraordinary scenting ability and gentle temperament.

In Britain, the Basset Hound was used for hunting hare and rabbit, often in packs. Their steady pace, strong nose and enthusiastic voice made them well suited to organized hunts. At the same time, their distinctive look and engaging character began to attract attention at dog shows and in private homes. Breed clubs were formed to protect and promote the Basset Hound, and written standards were created to describe the ideal type.

Over the 20th century, the Basset Hound spread from Europe to North America and many other parts of the world. In some countries, they continued to be used for hunting, although in many places they gradually shifted into the role of companion dog and show dog. Their appearance in films, advertising and popular culture increased their visibility and helped fix their image as a lovable, slightly comical family pet with a deep voice and droopy face.

Today, the Basset Hound is still recognized as a scenthound of remarkable ability. In some regions, enthusiasts maintain working lines and organize tracking trials or hunting events to preserve the original function. More commonly, however, the Basset Hound lives as a family companion, often participating in activities such as tracking sports, nosework, rally obedience or simply enjoying long, sniff filled walks.

Despite these changes in lifestyle, the core traits that defined the early Basset type remain. The low stature, powerful build, great nose and sociable nature are all direct echoes of the breed’s origins. Understanding this history helps modern owners appreciate why their Basset behaves as it does. When a Basset Hound drops its nose to the ground and follows a scent with calm determination, it is expressing centuries of careful breeding for a very specific purpose.

¶Living with the Breed

Sharing your life with a Basset Hound can be deeply rewarding, but it also comes with specific responsibilities. This is not a decorative “cartoon dog,” even if the appearance is very charming. It is a real working hound with strong instincts, a solid body and a thoughtful, independent mind. Prospective owners should consider honestly whether this combination suits their lifestyle.

One of the first things to plan for is space and environment. A Basset Hound can adapt well to different living situations, from houses with gardens to apartments, as long as its needs are met. More important than size of home is safety. Secure fencing is essential. Many Basset Hounds will follow an interesting scent out of an open gate or under a loose fence board without a second thought. The fence should be high and solid enough to prevent escape, and gaps at the bottom should be checked regularly.

Inside the home, it is wise to protect the Basset’s back and joints. Slippery floors can be risky, so rugs or runners help provide grip. Stairs are a particular concern, especially for puppies and older dogs. If possible, restrict access to steep staircases or carry a young puppy up and down to avoid strain. Jumping from high furniture is also discouraged. Providing a comfortable, supportive dog bed at ground level reduces the temptation to sleep on sofas or human beds, although many Bassets still enjoy being close to their people if allowed.

Financially, living with a Basset Hound involves several ongoing costs. Average annual expenses often include:

Quality food appropriate for the dog’s age, size and activity level
Routine veterinary care, vaccinations and parasite prevention
Pet insurance or savings for unexpected health issues
Regular grooming supplies, ear cleaners and dental care products
Replacement of beds, toys and equipment as they wear out

These costs vary by country and individual choices, but it is wise to budget for at least a few hundred in local currency each year, potentially much more if veterinary treatment is required. Bassets with chronic conditions or injuries can generate higher medical bills, so many owners choose insurance for peace of mind.

Useful equipment for a Basset Hound includes:

A well fitting harness that distributes pressure across the chest instead of the neck
A strong leash or long line for safe exploration on walks
Non slip food and water bowls, ideally slightly raised to make eating more comfortable
A firm, orthopedic style bed that supports the spine and joints
Nail clippers or a grinder, plus a soft brush or grooming mitt

Mentally, new owners should be ready for a dog that is affectionate but not always obedient in a traditional sense. Patience, gentle humor and consistency are more effective than strict discipline. Basset Hounds respond best when they feel understood and when they see clear, fair rules that do not change from day to day.

Time commitment includes daily walks, training sessions, grooming and companionship. A Basset Hound does not do well if left alone for long hours every day with nothing to do. Boredom can lead to howling, destructive chewing or escape attempts. Families who are out of the house all day, every day, might need to arrange dog walkers, daycare or a trusted neighbor to break up long periods of solitude.

Social life is important for this breed. Many Basset Hounds enjoy visiting dog friendly cafes, meeting visitors at home or joining other dogs for group walks. Early socialization helps ensure they grow into confident adults. Introducing the puppy to different people, places, sounds and surfaces in a calm, positive way during the first months has lifelong benefits.

Prospective owners should also consider grooming and housekeeping. Although the Basset Hound’s short coat is simple to maintain, the steady shedding means there will be dog hair on floors and furniture. The long ears may dip into water or food bowls, so some owners use slightly narrower bowls or gently tie the ears back during meals. There can also be a characteristic “houndy” odor if the coat and skin are not cleaned regularly, especially around the ears and folds.

Living with a Basset Hound means embracing both the joys and the challenges. The joys include quiet evenings with a snoring hound at your feet, walks filled with enthusiastic sniffing, and the soft weight of a long ear resting on your leg. The challenges involve training an independent thinker, managing weight, caring for ears and eyes and understanding that recall in an open field full of wildlife scents may never be perfect.

For people who are prepared for these realities, the Basset Hound offers deep companionship and many moments of gentle humor. It is a breed that thrives when treated with respect, kindness and a sense of partnership. If you enjoy a dog with strong character, a big heart and an even bigger nose, living with a Basset Hound can be a very special experience.

¶Characteristics

Great with kids

Large

Characteristic	Value
Breed Type	Purebred
Aggressiveness	2/5
Child Friendly	5/5
Energy	2/5
Hair Shedding	2/5
Health	4/5
Intelligence	3/5
Grooming Needs	3/5
Learning Ability	3/5
Barking Level	4/5
Height	33 – 38 cm
Weight	20 – 34 kg
Life Expectancy	11 – 12 years

¶Frequently Asked Questions

Are Basset Hounds good family dogs and how do they behave with children?

They are generally gentle, patient, and tolerant, which makes them good companions for children. They are not usually snappy, but they can be stubborn and slow to respond, so respectful handling and supervision with young kids are important. Their solid build also means children should be taught not to climb on them or pull their ears and tail.

How much exercise does a Basset Hound really need?

Despite their laid‑back look, they need daily walks and sniffing time to stay fit and mentally engaged. Most do well with two moderate walks plus some relaxed play or scent games. They are not distance running partners, but without enough movement they can quickly become overweight and develop joint and back problems.

Why do Basset Hounds smell more than some other dogs and can it be reduced?

Their loose skin, deep ear canals, and skin folds can trap oils and moisture, which contributes to a stronger doggy odor. Regular cleaning of ears and skin folds, along with periodic baths and good diet, usually keeps odor under control. Persistent or very strong smell can signal infections and should be checked by a veterinarian.

What health problems are Basset Hounds prone to?

Common issues include ear infections, obesity, back and joint problems, and certain eye conditions such as glaucoma or ectropion. Their long body and short legs put extra stress on the spine and joints, especially if they are overweight or allowed to jump from heights. Responsible breeders screen for hereditary problems and regular vet checks help catch issues early.

Are Basset Hounds easy to train or are they really that stubborn?

They are intelligent and understand commands, but their strong scenting instinct and independent nature can make them appear stubborn. Short, positive training sessions with high‑value rewards and patience usually work best. Consistency and secure environments are important because once they catch an interesting scent, they may ignore recalls.

Can Basset Hounds live comfortably in an apartment?

They can adapt well to apartment living as long as they receive daily walks and time outdoors to sniff and explore. They are generally calm indoors, but they have a loud baying voice that can be an issue in close quarters. Access to elevators or ramps is helpful because repeated stairs can strain their back and joints.

How should I care for a Basset Hound’s long ears and skin folds?

Their ears should be checked and gently cleaned at least weekly to remove wax and debris and to prevent infections. Skin folds around the face, neck, and legs may need regular wiping and drying to avoid irritation and odor. Watching for redness, bad smell, or head shaking helps catch problems early.

Do Basset Hounds drool a lot and is it manageable?

Many drool moderately, especially around food, water, or when they are excited, due to their loose lips and jowls. Keeping absorbent cloths handy, wiping their mouth after meals, and using raised bowls can help limit mess. Owners should be prepared for some drool on floors, walls, and clothing.

Are Basset Hounds good with other pets, including cats?

They are usually sociable and can get along well with other dogs and even cats if introduced properly. Their background as pack hounds means they often enjoy canine company and are not typically aggressive. Early socialization and supervised introductions help ensure peaceful relationships with smaller pets.

How much grooming does a Basset Hound need despite having a short coat?

Their coat is short but sheds steadily, so weekly brushing helps reduce loose hair and distribute skin oils. Nails grow quickly on their short legs and need regular trimming to prevent discomfort and changes in gait. Combined with ear and skin fold care, grooming is not difficult but must be routine.

¶Comparisons with other breeds

Compare Basset Hound with other breeds and see the differences in temperament, activity level, and care to make a confident choice. Show all comparisons