Saluki

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• One of the oldest known dog breeds, the Saluki is often called the “royal dog of Egypt” and has been associated with nobility for thousands of years.
• Built like an elite distance runner, this sighthound combines light bone, long legs, and deep chest for speed and remarkable endurance.
• Typically calm and reserved indoors, the Saluki can transform into a lightning-fast athlete when given room to run safely.
• Many Salukis are sensitive and independent thinkers, so they respond best to gentle, respectful training rather than harsh methods.
• The breed’s fine, silky coat sheds less than many others, but its feathering and delicate skin need thoughtful, regular care.

Appearance & Coat

The Saluki has a very distinctive, elegant outline that many people recognize at once, even if they do not know the breed’s name. This is a tall, slim, athletic hound with long legs, a deep but narrow chest, and a flexible back that helps it cover ground quickly. At first glance, a Saluki may look almost fragile, yet it is actually a strong, tough runner built for speed and distance. Adult males typically stand around 58 to 71 centimeters at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller, though overall the breed should never feel heavy or coarse. The impression is always graceful and light.

The head is long and narrow, with large, dark, oval eyes that give a gentle and somewhat mysterious expression. Salukis often appear thoughtful, watching the world with quiet interest rather than overt enthusiasm. The ears are long and hang close to the head, usually covered in silky feathering on the feathered variety. The neck is long and supple, flowing into well laid back shoulders, and the tail is long and carried in a gentle curve. When relaxed, the Saluki can look almost catlike in its smooth, silent movements around the home.

There are two coat varieties: feathered and smooth. Both have a soft, close coat on the body, which feels silky to the touch. The feathered Saluki has longer, fine feathering behind the legs, on the back of the thighs, and on the underside of the tail. Many also have a little feathering on the ears and sometimes on the throat or shoulders. The smooth variety lacks this longer hair and has a sleeker, very short coat all over. Both types are equally purebred and require slightly different grooming approaches.

Salukis come in many colors, which is part of their visual charm. Common shades include cream, fawn, golden, red, grizzle and tan, tricolor, black and tan, and various mixtures of these. Their markings can be subtle or quite striking, but the overall effect is always refined rather than flashy. There is no preference in many standards for one color over another, so potential owners can simply enjoy the wide variety.

Coat care for a Saluki is not especially demanding, but it does need to be consistent. The short body coat benefits from a gentle brush once or twice a week to remove loose hairs and keep the skin healthy. A soft slicker brush or rubber grooming glove usually works well. For feathered Salukis, the longer hair on ears, legs, and tail needs more attention to prevent tangles and mats. Regularly checking and gently combing through these areas, especially after walks in brushy or muddy terrain, helps keep the coat in good condition.

Because the coat is fine and the skin can be delicate, harsh shampoos or very frequent baths are best avoided. A mild dog shampoo and thorough rinsing are usually enough when a bath is needed. Drying the feathering carefully reduces the risk of tangles. Owners should also watch for burrs, grass seeds, and small twigs that can get caught in the feathering after outdoor adventures. Keeping nails trimmed, checking ears, and maintaining dental care round out the grooming routine, and help a Saluki stay comfortable and healthy while looking as graceful as the breed is meant to be.

Temperament & Personality

Living with a Saluki often feels like sharing your home with a gentle, quiet artist. This breed tends to be sensitive, dignified, and somewhat reserved, especially with strangers. Unlike some outgoing breeds that rush to greet everyone, a Saluki typically prefers to observe first and decide in its own time whether to approach. With family, however, many are deeply affectionate and loyal, forming strong bonds that can be quite moving. They may follow their favorite person from room to room, lying quietly nearby rather than demanding constant attention.

In daily life, a well adjusted Saluki is usually calm indoors, almost surprisingly so given its athletic ability outside. Many owners describe them as “couch potatoes with a sprint button.” They enjoy comfortable resting places and a peaceful household atmosphere. Loud, chaotic environments or harsh voices can unsettle them, since most Salukis are quite sensitive to tone and mood. Patience, kindness, and reliability suit their nature far better than rough handling or unpredictable routines.

With children, Salukis can be good companions, provided the children are gentle and understand how to respect a dog’s space. Because the breed is fine boned and sensitive, it is not ideal for very rough play or households where kids frequently grab or climb on the dog. Older children who enjoy calm interactions, such as reading with the dog nearby or tossing a soft toy in the garden, often form beautiful friendships with Salukis. Early socialization with children, supervised from both sides, helps the dog learn that kids are safe and enjoyable.

When it comes to other dogs, many Salukis enjoy the company of their own kind. They often appreciate having another sighthound as a playmate, especially one with a similar running style. With other breeds, compatibility depends a lot on individual character and socialization. Some Salukis are tolerant and friendly, while others prefer minimal contact. Because they are sighthounds with a strong hunting instinct, extra care is needed around very small dogs that move quickly, since they can trigger chasing behavior in some individuals.

The biggest challenge for many Saluki owners is the breed’s instinct to chase and its independent mind. This is a dog bred for thousands of years to make quick decisions at high speed while hunting. That history shows up today in a tendency to follow visual movement, such as wildlife or even bicycles. Many Salukis cannot safely be let off leash in unsecured areas, as they can be gone in an instant if something triggers their chase instinct. They are not disobedient in a stubborn sense, rather they are following deeply rooted instincts.

Salukis can live with cats or other small pets only under the right conditions. If raised together from a young age, some learn to accept the household cat as part of the family. Even then, they may never be trustworthy with unfamiliar cats or small animals outdoors. Anyone considering a Saluki in a home with rabbits, rodents, or birds should think very carefully and plan secure separation, because the prey drive in this breed can be very strong.

Emotionally, Salukis often need an owner who appreciates subtle communication. They may show stress through quiet withdrawal rather than obvious misbehavior. Responding to their needs with calm reassurance, predictable routines, and positive interaction helps them feel secure. In the right environment, a Saluki reveals a gentle playfulness, quiet humor, and a deep, loyal heart that makes the breed very special for those who understand its nature.

Training & Exercise

Training a Saluki requires a thoughtful, patient approach that respects both its sensitivity and its independence. This is not a breed that thrives under heavy handed or repetitive training methods. Harsh corrections, loud shouting, or physical punishment can easily damage trust and may lead the dog to shut down emotionally. Instead, Salukis respond best to gentle guidance, clear boundaries, and lots of positive reinforcement, such as treats, praise, and access to things they enjoy, like comfortable rest or a favorite toy.

Basic obedience is essential, even if a Saluki will never be completely reliable off leash in all environments. Focus on solid recall work, leash manners, polite greetings, and impulse control. Short training sessions, perhaps five to ten minutes at a time, tend to be more effective than long, demanding drills. Mixing simple exercises, such as sit, down, and stay, with small challenges, like walking past distractions in a calm way, keeps the dog engaged without overwhelming it.

Sighthounds are often described as “independent thinkers,” and the Saluki is no exception. This does not mean the breed is untrainable, but rather that it asks, in its own way, “What is in this for me?” Making training meaningful is key. For example, practicing a recall and then rewarding the dog with a short game of chase with a toy can be more motivating than food alone. Variety and creativity help maintain interest. Many Salukis enjoy nose work, gentle agility tailored to their build, or simple trick training that uses natural movements.

Exercise is another major part of life with a Saluki. These dogs are athletes by design, even though they may sleep a lot between bursts of activity. Daily walks are important, ideally at least two moderately paced walks with time to trot and explore. However, walking on a leash does not fully satisfy a Saluki’s need to stretch out and run. If possible, access to a large, safely fenced area is ideal, where the dog can gallop freely in short, intense sprints. Salukis do not typically run for hours without pause, but when they do run, it is with impressive speed.

Safe off leash running can be a challenge due to the breed’s chasing instinct. A high, secure fence is usually needed, since Salukis are agile and can jump surprisingly high if motivated. Some owners use large enclosed dog fields, private paddocks, or secure sports grounds for free running sessions. Where this is not available, long lines and structured games that encourage sprinting followed by recall can help.

The Saluki’s heritage in lure coursing and hunting translates well to modern dog sports. Many enjoy lure coursing events, where a mechanical lure simulates the path of prey, allowing them to run in a controlled setting. Some also participate in canicross at a moderate pace, or enjoy calm, low impact hikes with their owners. Whatever the activity, care should be taken not to overexercise young, growing dogs. Their joints and bones need time to develop, so long runs and hard surfaces should be limited in puppies and adolescents.

Mental exercise is often overlooked but just as important. Puzzle feeders, scent games, and quiet training sessions provide mental stimulation that can tire a Saluki in a healthy way. Teaching the dog to settle on a mat, to wait calmly at doors, or to offer eye contact for attention can turn everyday routines into training opportunities. With the right balance of respect, patience, and creativity, the Saluki can become a well mannered companion that remembers its training while still expressing its unique, independent spirit.

Health

The Saluki is generally considered a fairly healthy and robust breed, especially when compared with some larger or heavily built dogs. Its natural, athletic structure has been shaped for function over many centuries, which has helped avoid some of the exaggerated physical traits that can cause problems in other breeds. However, like any purebred dog, the Saluki does have certain health concerns that responsible breeders and owners should be aware of.

One area of attention is the heart. Some Salukis may be at risk for cardiac conditions such as dilated cardiomyopathy or valve issues, although these are not extremely common. Responsible breeders often use heart screening by a veterinary cardiologist, including echocardiograms, to monitor breeding dogs. Prospective owners can ask breeders about recent heart tests and any history of heart disease in the lines.

Another concern is eye health. Conditions such as progressive retinal atrophy, which can lead to gradual vision loss, have been reported in the breed. Many national kennel clubs and breed clubs recommend regular eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist for breeding animals. In some regions, DNA tests may be available for certain inherited eye conditions, which allows breeders to make informed decisions and reduce the risk of affected puppies.

Salukis, like many deep chested breeds, can be prone to gastric dilatation and volvulus, also known as bloat. This is a serious and potentially life threatening condition where the stomach fills with gas and may twist. While it is not guaranteed to occur, owners should learn the signs, such as restlessness, unsuccessful attempts to vomit, and a swollen abdomen, and seek emergency veterinary care immediately if they appear. Feeding several smaller meals rather than one very large meal, avoiding heavy exercise right after eating, and keeping stress levels reasonable may help lower the risk.

Their fine skin and sparse body fat can make Salukis somewhat sensitive to pressure sores or injuries from hard surfaces. Providing soft bedding and avoiding long periods on rough ground is important. Some individuals may also be more sensitive than average to certain medications or anesthetics, so working with a veterinarian experienced with sighthounds can be beneficial, especially before surgeries or dental procedures.

Because they have a low body fat percentage and a high proportion of lean muscle, Salukis can be more vulnerable to cold and damp conditions than some thicker coated breeds. Joint and muscle injuries can occur if they are allowed to run at full speed without proper warm up, or on very slippery surfaces. Careful conditioning, gradual build up of fitness, and keeping them warm after exercise in cold weather are sensible precautions.

The typical lifespan of a Saluki often ranges from around 12 to 14 years, and it is not unusual for well cared for individuals to live beyond this. Maintaining a healthy weight, since overweight dogs face greater stress on joints and organs, contributes greatly to longevity. High quality nutrition that supports steady muscle and joint health, along with regular but not excessive exercise, helps the breed age gracefully.

Responsible breeders usually participate in recommended health testing, which may include:

• Heart examination by a cardiologist
• Eye examination by a veterinary ophthalmologist
• In some countries, DNA tests for known hereditary issues when available

Prospective owners should feel comfortable asking breeders about test results, longevity in their lines, and any health problems seen in relatives. Regular veterinary checkups, including dental care and vaccination or titer plans, complete the picture.

With sensible care, thoughtful breeding practices, and an informed owner, the Saluki can enjoy a long, active life, retaining its elegance and quiet spirit well into old age.

History & Origins

The Saluki’s history reaches so far back that it is difficult to separate legend from fact. Many historians consider the breed one of the oldest domesticated dog types in the world. Artistic depictions that closely resemble Salukis appear in ancient carvings, pottery, and tomb paintings across the Middle East and North Africa. These images date back thousands of years, showing slim, long legged dogs hunting alongside people in desert and steppe landscapes.

The breed’s origins are closely tied to the nomadic peoples of the Middle Eastern and Central Asian regions, including areas that are now parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and surrounding countries. For these communities, the Saluki was far more than a companion. It was a crucial partner in hunting, providing both speed and keen eyesight to chase down game such as gazelle, hare, and other swift animals that were important sources of food. In many traditions, Salukis were treated with remarkable respect. Historical accounts describe them as sleeping in tents, wearing ornate collars, and being considered gifts worthy of princes and nobility.

Trade routes and the movement of nomadic groups helped spread the Saluki type across a wide geographic area. Local conditions, prey species, and cultural preferences shaped subtle regional variations in size, coat, and style, yet the core traits remained. The dogs needed to withstand harsh climates, run over vast distances, and make quick decisions while keeping sight of their quarry. The result was the ethereal looking yet tough hound we see today.

Western awareness of the breed grew in the 19th and early 20th centuries, as travelers, diplomats, and soldiers encountered these elegant hunting dogs abroad. They brought some home to Europe, particularly to Britain, where early breeding efforts began. Salukis were recognized by major kennel clubs in the early part of the 20th century, gaining an official place in dog shows and organized breeding. Maintaining their ancient form and function, rather than changing them to suit new fashions, became a priority for many dedicated breeders.

Despite their long history as hunting dogs, Salukis have adapted reasonably well to modern life. In many of their original regions, they are still valued as hunting companions, although changing laws and lifestyles have reduced this role in some areas. Elsewhere, especially in Europe and North America, the breed is primarily kept as a companion animal and show dog, with a strong presence in lure coursing and other sighthound sports that allow it to express its natural instincts in a controlled way.

Today, Salukis remain relatively uncommon compared with some popular family breeds, yet they have a devoted international following. Breed enthusiasts work to preserve not only the physical appearance of the Saluki but also its characteristic temperament and abilities. When you share your life with a Saluki, you are sharing it with a dog whose ancestors ran across deserts and plains alongside human partners long before modern cities or cars existed. That living connection to history is part of what makes this breed feel so special to those who love it.

Living with the Breed

Bringing a Saluki into your home is a commitment to living with a sensitive athlete that needs both physical outlets and emotional understanding. This is not a breed that suits every household, but for the right owner, it can be an incredibly rewarding companion.

One of the first things to consider is secure outdoor space. Because of the Saluki’s strong chase instinct and incredible speed, a well fenced garden or yard is highly desirable. Fencing should be high and secure, since an athletic Saluki can clear low barriers with ease if motivated. Electric or invisible fences are not suitable, as they do not stop the dog from chasing if it sees something interesting. If you do not have your own secure area, you will need reliable access to enclosed fields or dog parks where your Saluki can run safely.

Indoors, this breed tends to be quiet and enjoys comfort. A soft, supportive bed is important for its fine bones and thin skin. Many Salukis appreciate several resting spots around the home, where they can stretch out undisturbed. Although they enjoy being close to their people, they also need the option to retreat to a peaceful corner when they feel overwhelmed. An environment with constant loud noise, very rough play, or frequent visitors may be stressful for some individuals.

Financially, owning a Saluki involves ongoing costs similar to many medium to large breeds. These can include:

• Quality food, often a bit more expensive if you choose premium diets to support an active, lean dog
• Routine veterinary care, vaccinations or titer tests, and parasite prevention
• Insurance or savings for unexpected health issues, such as emergencies or surgery
• Grooming supplies, including brushes, gentle shampoo, nail clippers, and possibly professional nail trims or dental cleaning
• Equipment like secure leads, well fitted harnesses, and warm coats for cold weather

In addition, if you participate in lure coursing, shows, or other activities, there will be entry fees, travel costs, and possibly specialized equipment. While the Saluki does not require professional grooming in the same way as some long coated breeds, regular home grooming and occasional professional checkups still form part of the annual expenses.

Certain items are especially useful for Saluki owners. A strong but lightweight collar, often a wider sighthound style, helps protect the neck and prevent escape. Many owners prefer harnesses for everyday walking to reduce pressure on the throat. Because Salukis can be sensitive to cold, especially when lean and short coated, a well fitted dog coat or sweater matters in chilly or wet weather. A long line for training recall in open areas can provide some extra freedom while preserving safety.

Time commitment is another key factor. While Salukis are not hyperactive in the home, they do need daily exercise and interaction. A bored or under exercised Saluki may become restless, vocal, or inventive about finding its own entertainment, which can include escaping or chewing on unsuitable items. At the same time, this breed generally dislikes being left alone for very long hours on a regular basis. Many do best in households where someone is home part of the day, or where arrangements are made for visits, dog sitters, or companionship from another compatible dog.

Early socialization and gentle exposure to different environments are very important. Introducing your Saluki puppy or new adult to various people, calm children, friendly dogs, and different surfaces and sounds helps build confidence. However, this should be done at a pace the dog can handle, always watching for signs of stress. For many Salukis, quiet, positive experiences are far more valuable than busy, overwhelming outings.

Finally, living with a Saluki means appreciating its individuality. Some are outgoing and playful, while others are reserved and serious. Some love every dog they meet, others prefer their own species or their own family. Respecting these personal differences and not forcing the dog into situations that make it uncomfortable helps build a trusting bond. If you enjoy a peaceful home, regular outdoor time, and the idea of sharing your life with a graceful, ancient hound that values both independence and quiet companionship, the Saluki may be a wonderful choice.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the typical temperament of a Saluki around family and strangers?

They are usually gentle, sensitive, and affectionate with their own family but reserved or aloof with strangers. Many are very attached to one or two people and prefer quiet, calm households. They are not typically aggressive, but their independent nature means they do not behave like an eager-to-please companion.

How much exercise does a Saluki really need, and can it live in an apartment?

They need daily opportunities for long, brisk walks and several chances per week to run freely in a large, securely fenced area. Short strolls are not enough for this athletic sight hound. Apartment living can work if the dog’s exercise and mental stimulation needs are met very consistently and it is not left alone for long days.

Are Salukis good off leash, or will they run away?

They have a strong prey drive and extremely fast sprinting ability, so most are not reliable off leash in open, unfenced areas. When they see movement, instinct often overrides training. Off leash time is safest in securely fenced fields or enclosed dog parks with good visibility.

How are Salukis with cats and small pets?

They were bred to hunt by sight and many will instinctively chase small, fast-moving animals. Some individuals can live peacefully with cats if raised with them from puppyhood and carefully supervised, but this is never guaranteed. Small pets like rabbits, ferrets, or rodents should always be kept completely separate.

What health problems are most common in Salukis?

The breed is generally robust but can be prone to heart issues such as cardiomyopathy, certain eye conditions, and some autoimmune disorders. Bloat, although more common in heavier-chested breeds, is still a concern due to their deep chest. Responsible breeders screen for heart and eye problems and are careful about anesthesia sensitivity related to the breed’s low body fat.

How much grooming does a Saluki need, and what is the difference between feathered and smooth coats?

Grooming needs are moderate. Feathered dogs have longer silky hair on the ears, tail, and legs that requires regular brushing to prevent tangles, while smooth-coated dogs need only quick weekly brushing. Both varieties shed lightly and usually have very little doggy odor.

Are Salukis difficult to train given their independent nature?

They are intelligent but not biddable in the same way as many working or herding breeds. Training needs to be calm, patient, and reward based, with short, varied sessions to keep their interest. Harsh methods or a lot of repetition often lead to shutdown or disconnection rather than better obedience.

Is a Saluki suitable for first-time dog owners?

They can be challenging for a novice because of their sensitivity, independence, and high exercise requirements. A first-time owner with a quiet lifestyle, access to safe running areas, and willingness to learn about sight hounds can succeed, especially with support from a good breeder or trainer. Those wanting an easygoing, highly obedient companion may find this breed frustrating.

Do Salukis get along well with children?

They are usually gentle and tolerant but do not enjoy rough handling or chaotic environments. They tend to be better suited to homes with older, respectful children who understand how to give a sensitive dog space. As with any breed, interactions between dogs and children should always be supervised.

What kind of home environment and fencing is best for a Saluki?

A calm home with consistent routines and a securely fenced yard is ideal. Fencing should be high and solid enough to discourage jumping and prevent sight-based chasing of animals outside the property. They do best where they can rest indoors with their family and then stretch out and run safely a few times a week.

Sources

• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)
• Deutscher Windhundzucht- und Rennverband (DWZRV)
• Norwegian Kennel Club