English Setter

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Elegant and athletic gundog that combines beauty with serious hunting ability
• Gentle, affectionate companion that usually thrives in active family homes
• High energy and stamina, best suited to owners who enjoy long daily walks and outdoor life
• Silky, lightly feathered coat that needs regular brushing but is not difficult to maintain with routine care
• Extremely people oriented and sensitive, responds best to kind, consistent training rather than harsh methods

Appearance & Coat

The English Setter is one of those breeds that can turn heads wherever it goes. At first glance, you see a medium to large, graceful dog with a slightly aristocratic look, yet there is nothing fragile about it. This is a working gundog, built for long days in the field. Males generally stand around 61 to 68 centimeters at the shoulder, with females a little smaller. Weight can vary depending on working or show lines, but most English Setters are lean, athletic dogs rather than heavy or bulky ones.

The body is slightly longer than tall, giving a balanced and flowing outline. The head is long and refined, with a well defined stop and a gently domed skull. Dark, expressive eyes give the English Setter a soft and intelligent expression that many owners find irresistible. The ears are set low and hang close to the head, covered in soft, silky hair. The neck is clean and muscular, flowing smoothly into well laid back shoulders and a level topline. The tail is one of the breed’s trademarks, carried nearly level with the back and covered with long, fine feathering that forms a graceful flag.

The coat is what many people notice first. It is flat, soft and silky to the touch, never woolly or curly. There is feathering on the ears, chest, belly, back of the legs and the underside of the tail. The base color is white, with a pattern known as “belton,” which means small ticks or speckles in another color. Common belton colors include:

• Blue belton, which is white with black ticking
• Orange belton, white with orange ticking
• Liver belton, white with liver brown ticking
• Tricolor, usually blue belton with tan markings on the face and legs

In some lines the ticking can be quite heavy and may even look like large patches, while in others it is more delicate and scattered. Puppies are often born mostly white, with the ticking developing as they grow.

Coat care is a regular task but very manageable if you keep up with it. A thorough brush several times a week helps prevent tangles in the feathering and removes loose hair. A pin brush or slicker brush works well on the body, while a comb is useful for behind the ears, under the armpits and around the trousers on the back legs, which are typical areas for mats. Many owners trim a little around the feet to keep them neat and to stop mud from collecting between the toes. You may also want to tidy the hair around the ears and under the tail for hygiene.

Because the English Setter was bred to work in wet grass, he usually has a reasonably weather resistant coat. That said, you will still want to dry him off when he comes home from a rainy walk, as damp feathering can tangle more easily. Regular checks for grass seeds, burrs and small twigs are important after walks in fields and forests. A quick inspection of ears, between toes and under the tail can prevent skin irritation later.

Bathing is needed only when the dog is dirty or has rolled in something smelly. Too frequent shampooing can strip the coat of its natural oils, so a gentle dog shampoo every few weeks or even less often is usually enough. With consistent grooming habits, the English Setter’s coat stays beautiful, practical and pleasant to live with, and many owners find the time spent brushing becomes a calming routine that strengthens the bond with their dog.

Temperament & Personality

Living with an English Setter means living with a gentle soul in an active body. This is a dog that combines sensitivity and affection with a strong natural drive to hunt and explore. In daily life, most English Setters are friendly, open and sociable. They tend to greet both people and other dogs with a wagging tail and soft body language, which makes them popular in parks and on walks. Shyness or aggression is not typical for the breed, although insufficient socialization can affect any individual dog.

With family members, the English Setter is usually deeply devoted. Many owners describe their dogs as “velcro dogs” that like to be close, whether that means curling up on the sofa, resting a head on your knee while you work or following you from room to room. They are often very affectionate without being overly clingy if they are raised with a balanced routine and enough mental and physical stimulation.

In families with children, the English Setter can be a joyful and patient playmate, especially if the children are kind and respectful. Their gentle nature usually makes them a safe choice for households where kids are used to dogs and understand basic rules, such as not pulling ears or climbing on the dog. Because the breed is lively and can be quite enthusiastic, supervision is always wise with very young children, mainly to prevent accidental bumps or knocked over toddlers during play.

With other dogs, English Setters are usually sociable and polite. Many enjoy having a canine companion and may thrive in multi dog households, particularly if the other dog is of similar activity level. Their hunting background means they can be excitable around fast moving animals, and their play style sometimes involves a lot of running and chasing. Early socialization with balanced adult dogs helps them learn good canine manners.

With cats and smaller pets, the picture is more varied. Some English Setters live peacefully with cats they have grown up with, often treating them as part of the family. Others, particularly from strong working lines, may see small, running animals as prey. If you have cats or rabbits, early, careful introductions and strict supervision are essential. Even with good early experiences, it is safest not to trust any gundog alone with small pets that move quickly, just as a precaution.

One important aspect of the English Setter’s personality is its sensitivity. These dogs often react strongly to harsh voices or rough handling. A raised hand or loud shouting can easily frighten them and damage trust. On the positive side, this same sensitivity means they can be very attuned to their owners’ moods. Many English Setters seem to notice when someone is sad or stressed and will quietly settle nearby or rest their head in the person’s lap.

Common challenges with this breed include their energy level, their tendency to follow interesting scents and their potential for separation anxiety. Left alone for long periods without preparation, some English Setters can become distressed, vocal or destructive. They usually prefer a home where people are around for much of the day, or where arrangements such as dog walkers or doggy day care are possible.

They are also watchful but not typically strong guard dogs. An English Setter is more likely to announce visitors with a cheerful bark and then welcome them in rather than deter them. If you are looking for a protective breed, this is probably not the best match. On the other hand, if you want a companion that is friendly, sociable and adaptable to various social situations, the English Setter’s personality can be a delight.

Training & Exercise

When it comes to training and exercise, the English Setter is both a pleasure and a responsibility. This breed was developed to work for long hours in the field, finding and indicating game birds. As a result, English Setters tend to have plenty of stamina and a strong work ethic once they understand what is expected of them. At the same time, they are soft natured and sensitive, so training methods must balance clear structure with kindness.

Exercise needs are high compared to many companion breeds. A short stroll around the block will not be enough. Adult English Setters generally need at least one to two hours of physical activity every day, and many are happiest with even more. This does not have to be all intense running. A mix of free running in safe areas, brisk on leash walks and some purposeful activities keeps them mentally and physically satisfied. Young dogs should not be over exercised while their joints are developing, so longer distances and very rough play are best introduced gradually.

Because English Setters are hunting dogs, they love using their noses. Scent games, search exercises and field style training are ideal ways to channel their instincts. Hide treats or toys in the garden and encourage your dog to “find it,” or follow marked trails in the forest. In areas where working trials or pointing dog training are available, many owners discover a new hobby and a deeper connection with the breed’s roots.

Training works best with reward based methods. English Setters respond well to food rewards, praise and play, and they usually shut down or become confused if faced with punishment or inconsistent rules. Short, varied training sessions are more effective than long, repetitive drills. If you keep things fun and interesting, an English Setter is generally keen to cooperate. Basic obedience such as recall, loose leash walking, stay and polite greeting is essential, especially considering their hunting drive and attraction to birds and exciting scents.

Recall training deserves special attention. By nature, an English Setter may be tempted to range far when off leash, nose to the ground and eyes scanning for movement in the distance. Building a reliable recall from puppyhood using high value rewards and structured practice is crucial. Many owners use long training lines in open areas so the dog can move freely while still remaining under control during the training phase. Patience is important, as full reliability can take time, especially in young, energetic dogs.

Mental exercise is just as important as physical activity. Puzzle feeders, trick training, scent work and even obedience or rally classes at local clubs can help keep an English Setter’s mind sharp. Many enjoy dog sports that involve movement and cooperation, such as agility, canicross or bikejoring, provided they are safely introduced and the dog is fit enough. Some individuals have a natural talent for search and rescue style work, due to their stamina and good noses.

House training and general manners are usually straightforward when started early and approached with consistency. Because English Setters like to be with their people, using daily life rewards such as attention, play and access to the sofa can support the training process. Teach your puppy that calm behavior and polite choices open doors to fun, while overexcitement or pushy behavior means a short break or a gentle redirect.

Owners should also plan for rest. A common mistake is to over exercise a young English Setter, hoping to “tire them out.” Instead, focus on a healthy balance of movement, mental work and structured downtime. Teach your dog to relax on a mat or bed while you read or watch television. This helps prevent the constant pacing and restlessness that can develop in energetic breeds without clear boundaries.

With the right approach, training an English Setter becomes a rewarding, lifelong project. You are not just teaching commands, you are guiding a sensitive, intelligent dog into a way of living that suits both of you. If you enjoy working in partnership and are willing to invest time daily, this breed offers a lovely blend of enthusiasm, cooperation and natural talent.

Health

The English Setter is generally a robust, athletic breed, but like all purebred dogs, it has some health issues that potential owners should be aware of. Responsible breeders work actively to reduce these risks through health testing, honest information and careful mating plans. As a future owner, understanding these topics helps you choose both a healthy puppy and the right breeder.

One of the more common concerns in medium to large breeds is hip dysplasia. This is a developmental condition where the hip joint does not form perfectly, which can lead to pain, lameness or arthritis later in life. Reputable English Setter breeders usually screen their breeding dogs through hip scoring systems. When speaking with a breeder, you can ask about hip scores for both parents and whether they follow their national kennel club’s recommendations.

Elbow dysplasia can also occur, although it tends to be less frequent than hip issues. Eye health is important too. Some English Setters may be prone to conditions such as entropion, where the eyelids roll inward and irritate the eye, or other inherited eye problems. Eye examinations by veterinary ophthalmologists are often recommended for breeding dogs. It is wise to ask whether the parents have current eye test certificates and whether there is any known history of eye disease in the bloodline.

Like many breeds, English Setters can be affected by ear infections, mainly because of their hanging ears and feathered ear canals. Regular ear checks and gentle cleaning help to prevent this. Owners who keep the hair inside the ear canal trimmed and dry after swimming or bathing often report fewer issues. Skin problems, including allergies, can appear in some lines. A healthy diet, regular grooming and prompt attention to any itching or hot spots can go a long way in keeping the skin in good condition.

There are also some genetic conditions that responsible breeders may screen for, depending on recommendations in their country. These can include certain forms of deafness or other hereditary issues. Discussing testing protocols with breeders and asking to see relevant documents is entirely appropriate and shows that you are a thoughtful home.

The typical lifespan of an English Setter is often around 10 to 12 years, although individuals can live longer with good care, appropriate weight management and regular veterinary monitoring. Keeping your dog slim is one of the most important things you can do to support long term health. Extra weight places strain on joints and can predispose to conditions like diabetes or heart disease.

Routine veterinary care should include:

• Puppy vaccinations and regular boosters as advised by your vet
• Annual health checks and dental examinations
• Periodic blood tests and urine checks in middle aged and older dogs
• Parasite prevention suited to your region and lifestyle

Dental health is sometimes overlooked, yet it has a major impact on overall wellbeing. Regular tooth brushing with a dog safe toothpaste can reduce tartar buildup and the risk of gum disease. Many English Setters accept tooth brushing well if introduced gently and paired with rewards.

Because this breed is active, injuries can occur, especially strains or small cuts when running through rough terrain. Getting into the habit of checking paws, pads and nails after walks helps you spot small problems before they become serious. Keeping nails trimmed also supports proper posture and joint health.

Pet insurance is worth considering, as treatment for conditions such as orthopedic problems or major surgeries can be expensive. When planning for the cost of an English Setter, it is sensible to factor in not only food and grooming but also a budget for veterinary care and insurance premiums.

In summary, while the English Setter is not an unusually fragile breed, it does require thoughtful management and a partnership with a good vet. By choosing a health conscious breeder, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and watching for early signs of any problems, you significantly increase the chances that your dog will enjoy a long, active and comfortable life.

History & Origins

The history of the English Setter stretches back several centuries and tells the story of how European hunting changed over time. Before modern firearms, hunters relied heavily on nets and clever dogs to locate and trap game birds. Early setting dogs were developed to find birds such as partridge and grouse, then “set” or crouch down when they located them, allowing hunters to cast nets over both the dog and the birds. Over time, as guns replaced nets, these dogs were further refined to suit different terrains and hunting styles, resulting in the distinct setter breeds we know today.

The English Setter’s development is particularly associated with 19th century Britain. Breeders such as Edward Laverack and later Purcell Llewellin played key roles in shaping the breed. Laverack focused on creating a pure, recognizable type, selecting for beauty, elegance and consistent characteristics. His dogs laid the foundation for both modern show English Setters and many working lines. Llewellin focused heavily on performance, selecting dogs for their hunting ability, stamina and bird sense. Many modern field trial English Setters around the world trace their roots back to Llewellin’s breeding program.

These origins help explain why the English Setter combines such striking looks with a highly functional body and a strong working mind. In its traditional role, the English Setter ranges widely in open country, using wind and scent to locate game birds, then freezing in a characteristic “set” or point. The hunter moves in, and on command, the dog may flush the birds for the shot. This partnership between dog and human is central to the breed’s identity.

As the breed spread beyond Britain, it adapted to different landscapes and types of game. In Scandinavia and other parts of Europe, the English Setter became a popular choice for hunting grouse and ptarmigan in mountainous or forested terrain. In North America, the breed earned a reputation as a skilled bird dog in upland hunting. Different working styles and preferences in various countries sometimes led to subtle variations in appearance, with some lines leaner and more field oriented and others bred with more emphasis on show type and coat.

Dog shows also played a role in shaping the modern English Setter. As kennel clubs were founded and breed standards written, the appearance and temperament of the English Setter were formalized. Today, there can be visible differences between some working and show English Setters. Field bred dogs are often slightly lighter, with a shorter coat that is practical for work. Show bred dogs may have somewhat more luxurious feathering and a slightly more substantial build, while still retaining the essential sporting outline. Both types should, however, reflect the same fundamental structure and character described in the breed standard.

In the present day, the English Setter remains a valued gundog in many countries, particularly among hunters who appreciate a stylish, wide ranging pointing dog with a gentle nature. At the same time, more and more English Setters live primarily as family companions or participate in dog sports. You can find them in activities such as field trials, agility, obedience, rally and even therapy work, thanks to their friendly and steady temperament.

Despite changes in lifestyle and hunting practices, the core qualities that made the English Setter successful in the field are the same ones that make it a beloved companion today. Its history as a cooperative worker, close partner and tireless hunter lives on in its enthusiasm for outdoor life, its willingness to work with people and its calm, affectionate nature at home. When you bring an English Setter into your life, you welcome not only a beautiful dog, but also a living link to a long tradition of partnership between humans and gundogs.

Living with the Breed

Sharing your home with an English Setter can be a source of deep joy, provided you understand what daily life with this breed truly involves. These dogs are not couch ornaments, even if their long, silky coats might suggest a more ornamental role at first glance. They thrive in environments where they can combine an active outdoor lifestyle with plenty of closeness and calm time indoors.

The ideal home for an English Setter usually includes access to safe, open spaces where the dog can move freely. A securely fenced garden is very helpful, though not absolutely essential if you are committed to regular long walks. Many owners find that at least one substantial outing each day, combined with shorter potty walks and play sessions, becomes part of the household rhythm. If you enjoy hiking, running, long walks in nature or spending weekends at cabins or in the countryside, the English Setter will likely fit beautifully into your lifestyle.

Living in an apartment is possible, but it requires extra planning and commitment. The breed does not need a large home as much as it needs enough exercise and mental stimulation. If you live in the city, access to parks, forests or fields is important, along with a realistic plan for meeting daily exercise needs in all weathers. Rain and snow rarely bother an English Setter, so you should be prepared to be outdoors even when the weather is less inviting.

Grooming becomes part of everyday life. Set aside regular time each week for brushing sessions, nail trimming and ear checks. If you prefer a more polished look or show your dog, you may want to learn specific trimming techniques or schedule appointments with a groomer familiar with the breed. Even for a purely companion English Setter, occasional professional grooming can make coat care easier to manage.

Financially, owning an English Setter involves similar costs to other medium to large dogs. Annual expenses typically include:

• Quality dog food, which can be significant for an active dog
• Routine veterinary care, vaccinations and parasite prevention
• Pet insurance, recommended to cover unexpected illness or injury
• Grooming tools or professional grooming sessions
• Training classes or activities, especially in the first years

On top of these, consider the cost of equipment. Useful items for English Setter owners include:

• A well fitting harness and sturdy leash for daily walks
• A long training line for recall training and controlled freedom
• Comfortable dog beds in one or more rooms, as many Setters like to rest near their people
• Food puzzles and interactive toys for mental stimulation
• A good quality brush, comb and nail clippers or grinder
• Reflective gear or a lighted collar for evening walks

Time commitment is just as important as financial commitment. Puppies and adolescents require especially intense supervision and structured activity. The first two to three years can be demanding, with high energy levels and a curious, sometimes distractible mind. If you enjoy training sessions, socialization outings and building routines, this period can be extremely rewarding. If you prefer a dog that matures quickly into a low energy, low maintenance companion, the English Setter may not be the best match.

Another aspect to consider is how much time the dog will spend alone. English Setters bond closely with their families and do not usually enjoy long hours of isolation. While most can learn to stay alone for a few hours, they cope best in homes where someone is around much of the day, or where arrangements like dog walkers, neighbors or family members can help. Gradual training in being alone from puppyhood reduces the risk of separation related issues.

At home, an English Setter is often calm and well mannered once sufficiently exercised. Many are content to sleep at your feet while you work or to join you on the sofa in the evening. They can adapt to different family structures, from single owners to busy families, provided their need for companionship and activity is respected. Early, consistent rules about where they are allowed to sleep, whether they may go on furniture, and how they should behave around food help prevent later conflicts.

Noise levels are usually moderate. English Setters are not typically constant barkers, but they may alert you to visitors, unusual sounds or wildlife outside. Good early training can keep barking under control and teach an appropriate “quiet” cue.

Ultimately, living with an English Setter is about partnership. If you are prepared to give time, movement, patient training and plenty of love, you will receive in return a gentle, loyal companion who joins in your adventures and rests at your side afterwards. For many owners, the soft eyes, wagging tail and devoted nature of the English Setter make the extra effort more than worthwhile.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the typical temperament of an English Setter with family and children?

They are generally gentle, affectionate and people oriented, which makes them good companions for families and respectful children. Most are sensitive and soft natured rather than pushy, but their enthusiasm and size mean they can be boisterous, so supervision and basic manners training are important.

How much exercise does an English Setter really need each day?

This is a high energy hunting breed that usually needs at least 60 to 90 minutes of solid daily exercise along with mental stimulation. Off leash running in a safe area, scent games and structured activities like field work or hiking help prevent restlessness and destructive behavior at home.

Are English Setters good apartment dogs or do they need a house with a yard?

They can live in an apartment if the owner is very committed to daily exercise, but they are generally better suited to homes where they have space to move. A securely fenced yard is helpful, as their strong hunting and scenting instincts can lead them to wander if given the chance.

How much grooming does the feathered coat of an English Setter require?

The silky, feathered coat tangles easily and usually needs brushing at least several times per week to prevent mats, especially behind the ears, under the legs and on the tail. Regular trimming of the feet, ears and feathering plus routine ear cleaning helps keep the coat neat and reduces the chance of skin and ear problems.

What are common health problems in English Setters that owners should watch for?

They are prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, some inherited eye conditions and autoimmune thyroid disease. Deafness occurs in the breed more often than in many others, and like many medium large dogs they can be at risk for bloat, so breeders that screen their dogs and owners who monitor for sudden abdominal distress are important.

Do English Setters really tend to be deaf, and how can I tell if a puppy has hearing issues?

Congenital deafness is more common in this breed, particularly in dogs with a lot of white on the head. Early signs include not reacting to noises, sleeping through loud sounds or being startled when touched, and responsible breeders often use hearing tests on puppies to identify partial or complete deafness.

Are English Setters difficult to train because of their bird dog background?

They are intelligent and willing but also sensitive and easily discouraged by harsh methods, so they respond best to calm, reward based training. Their strong interest in birds and scents can make recall and off leash manners challenging, which means early, consistent training and careful management are essential.

Can an English Setter be left alone during a full workday?

They are very people focused and can become distressed or bored if left alone for long stretches on a regular basis. Most do better with a schedule that includes mid day breaks, adequate exercise before and after work, and enrichment such as safe chew items or puzzle feeders.

How well do English Setters generally get along with other dogs and pets?

Most are sociable with other dogs if they are well socialized from a young age. They usually coexist peacefully with cats they are raised with, but their hunting heritage means small, fast moving animals can trigger chasing behavior, so introductions and supervision are important.

At what age does an English Setter typically calm down and mature?

They often remain puppy like and high spirited well into their second or even third year. With consistent training and appropriate outlets for their energy they usually become calmer, steady companions in adulthood while still retaining an active, playful nature.

Sources

• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)
• Dansk Kennel Klub (Danish Kennel Club)
• Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI)
• Norwegian Kennel Club