Irish Wolfhound

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• One of the tallest dog breeds in the world, often standing as tall as a grown person when on hind legs
• Gentle, calm and surprisingly sensitive, despite their impressive size and historic reputation as wolf hunters
• A relatively low energy indoor companion that still needs regular, steady exercise and space to stretch out
• Rough, wiry coat that is weather resistant and easier to manage than many long coated breeds, with moderate shedding
• Short average lifespan compared with smaller breeds, so careful health screening and responsible breeding are especially important

Appearance & Coat

The Irish Wolfhound is a true giant of the dog world, known for height rather than sheer bulk. A mature male typically stands at least 81 centimetres at the shoulder, with many exceeding this, and females are only slightly smaller. Despite the size, a good Irish Wolfhound should never look heavy or clumsy. The overall impression is one of strength combined with athletic grace. The body is long and slightly rectangular when viewed from the side, with a deep but not barrel like chest and a strong, level back. The legs are long and straight, built for covering ground with an easy, loping stride.

The head is long and noble, with a gentle curve rather than sharp angles. The skull is not too broad, and there is a noticeable but not exaggerated stop. The muzzle is strong and slightly tapered, with a large, black nose and powerful jaws. Small, dark eyes give a soft, thoughtful expression, which often surprises people who expect something fiercer from such a large dog. Ears are small in proportion to the head and typically carried back against the skull when relaxed, which adds to the gentle, wolf like outline.

One of the defining features of the Irish Wolfhound is its rough coat. The hair is harsh and wiry to the touch, lying close to the body without fluffiness. It should be especially coarse and longer over the eyes and under the jaw, forming the characteristic eyebrows and beard that many owners love. The coat is designed to protect the dog from harsh weather and thick undergrowth. It is not a fluffy dog, and a correct coat should not feel silky or soft.

Irish Wolfhounds come in a range of colours, most commonly:

• Grey in various shades, which many people instantly associate with the breed
• Brindle
• Red
• Black
• Pure white
• Fawn or wheaten

Some dogs may have small white markings, often on the chest or toes, which are accepted and quite common.

Coat care for an Irish Wolfhound is straightforward but should not be neglected. The rough coat does not mat as easily as some long coats, yet it can tangle behind the ears, in the tail, and in the feathering on the legs if left completely unattended. A good routine is to brush or comb your Wolfhound thoroughly once or twice a week. Use a pin brush or a slicker brush along the body to remove dead hair and surface dirt, then a metal comb for the beard, legs, and tail. Pay attention to any developing knots, especially where the collar rubs.

Many owners also hand strip their dogs a few times a year. Hand stripping means plucking out dead hairs by hand or with a stripping knife, which helps maintain the coarse texture. It is not strictly necessary for a family pet if you keep up with brushing, but it helps to keep the coat neat and reduces shedding. Trimming around the feet and between the pads helps prevent slipping and keeps mud at bay.

Because of their size, Irish Wolfhounds carry more dirt indoors than smaller breeds. A quick wipe of the legs and belly after muddy walks can help keep your home cleaner and prevent skin irritation. Regular checks of the ears, teeth, and nails are important. Nails can wear down naturally on hard ground, but many Wolfhounds need clipping due to their weight being spread over such large feet. Introduce grooming early, use calm reassurance, and keep sessions relaxed so that your growing puppy learns to see grooming as a pleasant part of life.

Temperament & Personality

Irish Wolfhounds are often described as gentle giants, and the phrase truly fits. Behind the tall, imposing outline lies a dog that is typically calm, affectionate, and quietly devoted to its family. Many owners say their Wolfhound is more like a sensitive friend than a pet. They form close bonds and like to be near their people, often following from room to room and trying to curl up as close as possible, despite their size.

With families, the Irish Wolfhound is usually kind and tolerant. They are not generally bouncy or hyperactive indoors, which suits homes that like a peaceful environment. Around children, most Wolfhounds are patient and steady, although supervision is always vital. Because they are so large, accidents can happen. A playful sweep of a tail or a clumsy movement during a lie down can easily knock over a small child. Teaching children to respect the dog, not to climb on them or disturb them while sleeping, is just as important as teaching the dog to be gentle.

When it comes to strangers, Irish Wolfhounds are more likely to greet with quiet curiosity than suspicion. Properly socialised individuals should not be nervous or aggressive. They may initially be reserved with new people, but once comfortable, many enjoy gentle attention and become affectionate. Despite their size and deep bark, they are not natural guard dogs. Some will bark to alert you to visitors, but many rely on their presence alone to act as a deterrent. If you want a dedicated watch dog, this is not usually the right breed.

Their relationship with other dogs and pets is generally positive when they are raised and socialised appropriately. Irish Wolfhounds tend to be polite with other dogs, especially if they have been given calm, positive experiences from a young age. They often prefer a relaxed companion rather than a very boisterous playmate. However, their heritage as a hunting sight hound means they can have a strong chase instinct. With cats and smaller animals, early introduction is crucial. Many Wolfhounds live peacefully with resident cats when brought up together, but unfamiliar fast moving animals outdoors can still trigger the chase instinct. Secure gardens and careful management off lead are important.

Irish Wolfhounds are sensitive dogs who respond poorly to harsh handling or shouting. They are often very attuned to their owner’s mood and can become upset by conflict in the household. Their size can create a false impression of toughness, yet emotionally they are often quite soft. This sensitivity is one reason they make such devoted companions, but it also means they need kind, consistent guidance and a stable home environment.

Common challenges with the breed usually relate to size and maturity. Irish Wolfhound puppies grow very quickly and go through an extended adolescent phase where they may appear leggy and slightly uncoordinated. During this time they can be:

• Clumsy indoors, sometimes bumping furniture or people
• Prone to short bursts of energy and silly behaviour
• Easily distracted outdoors, especially by moving objects

Although they are not generally destructive for the sake of it, a bored giant breed can cause serious damage simply due to strength and reach. Clear boundaries, safe chew toys, and suitable outlets for mental and physical energy help prevent problems.

In daily life, expect an Irish Wolfhound to be relatively low key indoors, often happy to snooze in a quiet corner or near your feet. They tend to enjoy a mix of relaxed companionship and regular gentle walks rather than constant play. Many love to lean lightly on their favourite humans or rest a heavy head on a lap. If you appreciate quiet affection, a calm atmosphere, and a dog that feels like a dignified yet loving presence in your home, the personality of the Irish Wolfhound can be deeply rewarding.

Training & Exercise

Training an Irish Wolfhound is less about drilling obedience and more about building a cooperative partnership. They are intelligent and capable of learning quickly, yet they also have a calm, independent streak inherited from their hunting background. Traditional harsh training methods do not suit this breed at all. Instead, they respond best to patient, reward based training that uses praise, treats, toys, or real life rewards like being allowed to explore.

Start training early, as a tiny Wolfhound puppy is far easier to guide than a fully grown adult who can easily outweigh many owners. Focus on core skills that make daily life safe and enjoyable:

• Reliable recall, even in the presence of mild distractions
• Walking politely on a loose lead
• Solid sit, down, and stay cues
• Learning to settle and relax in different environments

Short, fun sessions are more effective than long, repetitive drills. Young Wolfhounds can tire mentally quite quickly and may switch off if they feel pressured or bored. Keep your tone warm and encouraging, and celebrate small successes. Many owners find that these dogs are keen to please once they understand what is being asked.

Socialisation is another key part of early training. Introduce your Irish Wolfhound puppy to a wide range of people, surfaces, noises, and situations in a controlled, positive way. Remember that even as a youngster, a Wolfhound is large compared with many adult dogs, so other dogs may react with uncertainty. Choose calm, friendly dog companions and avoid rough play with much smaller dogs to prevent accidents. Puppy classes that welcome large breeds can be very helpful.

Exercise needs are moderate but must be handled with care, especially during growth. Irish Wolfhound puppies grow rapidly and their joints are delicate. Too much forced exercise at a young age can contribute to joint problems later in life. As a rough guide:

• In the first year, focus on several short, gentle walks a day rather than long hikes
• Avoid repetitive high impact activities such as long runs, jumping, and stairs where possible
• Allow free, self paced play on soft ground so the puppy can regulate its own activity

Once fully mature, which can take up to 2 to 3 years, the adult Irish Wolfhound enjoys regular, steady exercise. They are not long distance running partners for most people, but they do benefit from daily walks of at least an hour in total, combined with opportunities to stretch their legs off lead in safe, enclosed areas. Many Wolfhounds love to gallop in short bursts, then settle to a relaxed trot or walk.

Mental exercise is just as important. Because they are naturally calm, it is easy to overlook their need for mental stimulation. Simple scent games, gentle puzzle toys, basic obedience practice, and calm social outings help keep their minds active and content. Many enjoy:

• Nose work games such as finding hidden treats or toys
• Casual obedience or manners classes
• Relaxed hiking where they can explore new scents
• Lure coursing or controlled sprinting activities in adulthood, if the individual dog is healthy and built for it

Always adapt exercise to your individual dog. Some Irish Wolfhounds are naturally more laid back, while others enjoy more active lifestyles. In hot weather they can overheat quickly due to their size and thick coat, so schedule exercise in cooler parts of the day and provide plenty of water and shade.

Lead training is essential with this breed. A fully grown Wolfhound can pull with surprising force if they decide to chase something. Use a strong, comfortable harness or well fitted collar and teach loose lead walking from the very beginning. Reward calm walking beside you and avoid allowing your puppy to pull, as habits formed early can be hard to change later.

With the right approach, Irish Wolfhounds can be beautifully mannered companions. They may not have the intense drive of some working breeds, but their combination of intelligence, sensitivity, and willingness to work with a trusted person makes training a deeply satisfying experience for both sides.

Health

Like many giant breeds, the Irish Wolfhound faces specific health challenges that every potential owner should understand. Responsible breeding and informed care can reduce risks, but it is important to approach the breed with realistic expectations about lifespan and medical needs.

On average, Irish Wolfhounds have a shorter lifespan than smaller dogs. Many live between 6 and 10 years, with some reaching older ages, especially when they come from carefully planned lines and receive excellent care. Because their time with us is often shorter, many owners feel an even stronger drive to give them the best possible quality of life.

Some of the more common health concerns in the Irish Wolfhound include:

• Dilated cardiomyopathy, a serious heart condition that affects the heart muscle and its ability to pump effectively
• Osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer that is unfortunately more common in giant breeds
• Bloat and gastric torsion, where the stomach fills with gas and may twist, which is a life threatening emergency
• Hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia, which can cause pain and mobility problems
• Liver shunt and other less common hereditary conditions

Reputable breeders take health testing very seriously. Before breeding, dogs should undergo screening for heart disease, often including an echocardiogram and ECG performed by a veterinary cardiologist. Hip scoring and elbow assessments are also strongly recommended to reduce the risk of joint problems. Some breeders carry out additional tests, such as eye examinations or genetic screening where relevant. When looking for a puppy, ask breeders openly about the health tests they use and the health history of their lines.

Owners can also help protect their Irish Wolfhound’s health through thoughtful daily care. Joint support starts from puppyhood with appropriate nutrition and controlled exercise:

• Feed a high quality diet formulated for large or giant breed puppies to support steady growth
• Avoid overfeeding to keep your puppy lean rather than chubby, as excess weight stresses developing joints
• Limit high impact play such as repeated jumping or long runs on hard surfaces

As adults, maintaining a healthy weight is critical. Even a few extra kilograms place a lot of extra strain on the joints and heart of a giant dog. Regular, moderate exercise and portion control are key.

Bloat prevention is another important topic for Wolfhound owners. While there is no guaranteed way to prevent it, you can lower risk by:

• Feeding at least two meals a day rather than one large meal
• Using a calm, quiet area for meals to avoid gulping due to stress or excitement
• Discouraging vigorous exercise immediately before or after eating
• Discussing preventive gastropexy surgery with your vet, where the stomach is surgically attached to the body wall to reduce the risk of twisting

Because heart disease and cancer can develop silently, regular veterinary check ups are vital. At least one thorough health examination per year, and more frequent checks for older dogs, help to catch problems early. Report any changes in behaviour, appetite, breathing, or exercise tolerance. Subtle signs such as coughing at rest, becoming tired on walks, or reluctance to climb stairs can be early warnings.

Routine care also plays a role. Keep teeth clean with brushing or suitable dental chews, as dental disease can affect overall health. Large paws and nails need checking and trimming when necessary to prevent strain on the toes and joints. Their rough coat usually protects the skin well, but watch for any persistent sores, lumps, or swellings, and have them checked promptly.

Finally, insurance or a dedicated savings plan is very wise for this breed. Treatment for conditions such as heart disease, bone cancer, or bloat surgery can be costly, especially given their size and the level of medical support required. Planning ahead allows you to make decisions based on what is best for your dog, not just what you can afford in an emergency.

With thoughtful breeding, regular monitoring, and sensible daily care, many Irish Wolfhounds enjoy active, affectionate lives. While the breed’s shorter lifespan can be a difficult reality, the depth of companionship they offer often makes every year together feel especially meaningful.

History & Origins

The Irish Wolfhound is one of the most storied breeds in the dog world, wrapped in legend and woven deeply into the history of Ireland. References to large, rough coated hounds used for hunting in Ireland reach back many centuries, and early writings suggest that these dogs were already prized for their size and courage long before modern breed development began. They hunted large game, including wolf and deer, and were held in such high esteem that they were given as gifts to nobles across Europe.

In early Irish society, owning these great hounds was a mark of status. They served both practical and symbolic roles. Practically, they protected flocks and people from wolves and helped provide food by hunting game. Symbolically, they represented bravery, loyalty, and power. Many Irish myths and tales mention great hounds that defended homes, guarded warriors, and even refused to abandon their masters in battle. The combination of strength and gentleness that we see in the breed today is echoed in these old stories.

As wolves and large game disappeared from Ireland, the original purpose of the Irish Wolfhound began to fade. By the 17th and 18th centuries, numbers were already in decline. Without the same need for such powerful hunting dogs, and with social changes across Europe, the breed moved closer to extinction. By the 19th century, truly typical Irish Wolfhounds had become rare.

The modern Irish Wolfhound owes its revival to dedicated enthusiasts, particularly Captain George Augustus Graham in the late 1800s. He sought out the remaining dogs that still showed the type and character of the old Irish hounds. To rebuild the breed, he carefully used crossbreeding with other large, rough coated and sight hound types, including Scottish Deerhounds and, according to some accounts, Great Danes and Borzoi. His aim was to recreate the tall, dignified, rough coated hound described in historical records.

Through patient selective breeding, Graham and those who followed him established a consistent, recognisable breed once again. The Irish Wolfhound was formally recognised by kennel clubs and gradually became known across the world as a companion and show dog that preserved the spirit of the ancient wolf hunters. While these modern hounds no longer hunt wolves, the qualities that made them legendary remain.

Today, Irish Wolfhounds are primarily kept as companions and show dogs. Some participate in activities that reflect their heritage, such as lure coursing and other controlled field sports that allow them to express their natural love of running and chasing. Others are involved in therapy work, visiting hospitals or care homes, where their calm presence and gentle temperament can be a great comfort.

Although the context of their lives has changed completely, the Irish Wolfhound still carries the essence of its origins. The long, rolling stride, the watchful eye that notices movement in the distance, and the quiet dignity in the way they rest by their family all hint at a past when they were essential protectors and hunters. Owning an Irish Wolfhound today is, in a small way, to share in that long, remarkable history.

Living with the Breed

Living with an Irish Wolfhound is a unique experience that blends everyday practical challenges with deep emotional rewards. Before bringing one home, it is important to understand what day to day life really looks like with a giant, sensitive companion.

The first, and most obvious, consideration is space. Irish Wolfhounds do not need a mansion, but they do need room to move comfortably. A small apartment can work only if you are extremely committed to frequent outings and you have enough floor space for a very large dog bed, plus clear pathways so your dog can move without constantly bumping furniture. Most owners find that a house with a reasonably sized, securely fenced garden works best. Fences must be solid and high enough to discourage attempts to jump, especially as some hounds may be tempted if they see wildlife beyond the boundary.

Indoors, expect your Wolfhound to behave more like a gentle, sprawling shadow than a lively clown. They will usually choose a favourite spot close to their people, whether that is by the sofa, under the dining table, or even trying to share the couch. Investing in a large, well padded dog bed is essential. Orthopaedic or memory foam beds can help support joints and reduce pressure points for such a heavy dog. Many owners like to provide more than one resting place, for example one in the main living area and another in a quiet bedroom or study.

Because of their height, Irish Wolfhounds can easily reach kitchen counters, tables, and shelves. This is sometimes referred to as “counter surfing”. Good management and training are very important. Keep food well out of reach and never leave tempting items unattended, as even a usually polite Wolfhound may not resist a roast left at nose level. Think of your home in layers: a Wolfhound’s nose can reach where many other dogs’ noses cannot.

Financial commitment is another key factor. Everything costs more with a giant breed:

• Food consumption is significant, especially during growth and adulthood
• Routine medications, flea and worm treatments, and preventatives are more expensive due to dosage by weight
• Crates, beds, collars, harnesses, and leads need to be strong and large, which often increases price
• Veterinary procedures, from routine surgery to emergencies, can be more complex and costly

A realistic budget should include quality food, insurance or savings for vet bills, and replacement of large bedding or equipment over time. Annual costs will vary by region, but many owners find that keeping an Irish Wolfhound is noticeably more expensive than living with a medium sized dog.

In terms of daily routine, plan for at least two walks per day, along with time for relaxed companionship. These dogs do not thrive if left alone for long working days with nothing to do. While they can learn to cope with some alone time, they are best suited to homes where someone is around for much of the day or can arrange breaks, dog sitters, or family support. Loneliness can lead to stress, which may show as whining, pacing, or unwanted behaviours.

Useful equipment for living with an Irish Wolfhound includes:

• A wide, strong collar or well fitted harness that distributes pressure comfortably
• A long, sturdy lead for safe walking and a lightweight long line for recall practice in open spaces
• Elevated food and water bowls, which many owners feel make eating more comfortable for tall dogs
• A large crate or pen used positively for safe rest, especially during puppyhood when you cannot supervise
• Good quality grooming tools, including a slicker brush, metal comb, and nail clippers or grinder suitable for large, thick nails

New owners should also think about transport. A car large enough to carry a Wolfhound safely and comfortably is almost essential. Many people use estate cars, vans, or large SUVs, often with a ramp to make loading and unloading easier for the dog and to protect joints.

Emotionally, living with an Irish Wolfhound can be intensely rewarding. Their calm companionship, steady presence, and affectionate nature often create a deep bond. However, their shorter lifespan and potential health issues can also be emotionally challenging. Anyone considering the breed should weigh their ability to cope with both the joys and the probable heartache that comes sooner than with many smaller breeds.

If you appreciate quiet walks, enjoy sharing your home with a large yet gentle soul, and are prepared for the financial, practical, and emotional responsibilities, life with an Irish Wolfhound can be extraordinary. They tend to weave themselves into the fabric of family life, not as an accessory or a novelty, but as a true companion who offers loyalty, comfort, and a special kind of calm that fills the home.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

Is an Irish Wolfhound a good family dog and how gentle are they with children?

They are typically very gentle, patient and tolerant with children, often described as having a soft, calm temperament. Their sheer size, however, means supervision is important around small kids, as they can accidentally knock them over. They do best in homes where children are taught to be respectful and calm around large dogs.

How much space and exercise does an Irish Wolfhound really need?

This is a giant sighthound that needs room to stretch out and move comfortably, ideally with access to a securely fenced yard. Daily walks plus some opportunities for free running in a safe area are important, but intense or repetitive high‑impact exercise should be limited, especially while growing. Indoors, most are relatively calm and tend to be quite sedentary once their exercise needs are met.

How long do Irish Wolfhounds live and what health problems are most common?

The average life expectancy is relatively short, often around 6 to 8 years. Common health concerns include dilated cardiomyopathy, bloat and gastric torsion, osteosarcoma, hip and elbow dysplasia, and certain hereditary eye and neurologic conditions. Responsible breeders screen for many of these problems, and owners should work closely with a veterinarian familiar with giant breeds.

Are Irish Wolfhounds aggressive or difficult to manage because of their size?

They are generally not aggressive and are known for a calm, even‑tempered and somewhat reserved nature. Proper early socialization and positive training are important so their great size stays manageable in everyday situations. Poor manners in a dog this big can be a real problem, so consistency from puppyhood is essential.

Can an Irish Wolfhound live in an apartment or small house?

They can live in a smaller home if the interior layout allows room to move and lie down comfortably, and if they receive regular outdoor exercise. Stairs, slippery floors and cramped spaces can be hard on their joints and make daily life awkward. Access to elevators, soft bedding and nearby green space helps make apartment living more realistic.

What are the grooming needs of an Irish Wolfhound’s rough coat?

The harsh, wiry coat needs regular brushing, usually several times a week, to remove dead hair and prevent matting, especially on the beard, legs and belly. Many owners hand strip or have a groomer tidy the coat occasionally to keep its correct texture. Bathing is needed only as required, but routine ear, nail and dental care are important due to the dog’s size and weight.

How much does it cost to feed an Irish Wolfhound and are there special dietary needs?

Feeding a healthy adult can be expensive, as they eat significantly more than medium‑sized dogs and do best on a high‑quality large or giant breed diet. Puppies in particular need carefully controlled nutrition to support slow, steady growth and reduce joint stress. Many owners split meals into two or three portions a day and avoid vigorous activity around feeding times to help reduce bloat risk.

Are Irish Wolfhounds good off leash, or will they chase wildlife?

They are sighthounds with a strong instinct to chase moving objects such as deer or small animals. Recall can be improved with training, but many individuals are not reliably safe off leash in unenclosed areas. Most experts recommend off‑leash running only in securely fenced spaces or very controlled environments.

How fast do Irish Wolfhound puppies grow and what should owners watch for?

Puppies grow extremely quickly during the first year, often reaching close to adult height by 9 to 12 months, while continuing to fill out afterward. Rapid growth puts stress on bones and joints, so it is important to avoid over‑feeding, excessive jumping, long runs and slippery surfaces. Owners should monitor for lameness, joint swelling or awkward movement and consult a vet promptly if concerns arise.

Is an Irish Wolfhound suitable for first‑time dog owners?

A calm nature can make them easygoing in many ways, but their giant size, short lifespan and serious health risks can be challenging for beginners. First‑time owners must be prepared for high costs, careful management of growth and exercise, and consistent training from an early age. Support from an experienced breeder, trainer and veterinarian is especially valuable with this breed.

Sources

• Irish Wolfhound Club of Great Britain
• Irish Wolfhound Club of Northern Ireland
• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)
• The Irish Wolfhound Club (Germany)