Briard

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Ancient French herding breed known as the “chien berger de Brie,” traditionally used to guard and drive sheep.
• Famous for its long, wavy coat and expressive “beard” and eyebrows that give the Briard a wise, slightly mischievous look.
• Loyal, deeply attached to its family, and often described as a “heart wrapped in fur,” yet naturally reserved with strangers.
• Highly intelligent and energetic, the Briard thrives with active owners who enjoy training, hiking, and dog sports.
• Needs regular coat care and mental stimulation, but in the right home becomes a calm, devoted, and incredibly responsive companion.

Appearance & Coat

The Briard is a large, strongly built herding dog with a distinctive silhouette and a coat that you do not easily forget. At first glance, many people notice the long hair that flows as the dog moves, almost like a living curtain of fur. Beneath that coat, however, lies a solid, muscular body designed for long days of work in the fields.

Most adult Briards stand roughly 58 to 69 centimeters at the shoulder, with males typically larger and more imposing than females. Their body is slightly longer than it is tall, which gives them a balanced but powerful outline. The chest is deep, the back is firm, and the overall impression is of strength combined with surprising agility. A well built Briard can move efficiently at a trot for hours, which fits its original job of herding and guarding flocks.

One of the breed’s most charming physical features is the head. It is long and strong, with a distinct stop and a broad muzzle. The eyes are usually large, dark, and full of expression, although often partially hidden behind the long fall of hair that forms the characteristic “fringe.” The ears are high set and usually carried hanging, well covered with hair that frames the face and softens the expression. The Briard’s long tail, often carried in a gentle hook at the end, is heavily feathered and adds to the breed’s elegant look.

The coat itself is one of the main defining traits of the Briard. It is long, falling in slightly wavy strands that feel dry and coarse to the touch, rather like goat hair. Underneath, there is a fine, dense undercoat that helps protect the dog from bad weather. Typical colors include black, various shades of fawn, and grey, sometimes with subtle shading. Some Briards may have a small amount of white on the chest, but large white markings are not typical for the breed.

Living with this coat requires commitment, but it is entirely manageable with routine care. If you prefer a neat, tangle free Briard, you should plan on brushing thoroughly at least two to three times per week. Many owners find a fixed routine works best, such as:

• A full grooming session on the weekend, including line brushing from skin to tips.
• Short touch up sessions during the week, focusing on friction areas such as behind the ears, under the elbows, and around the groin.

A good pin brush and a metal comb are essential tools. Always start by checking for mats with your fingers, then gently work them out rather than pulling. Bathing is not needed very often, usually every couple of months or when the dog gets dirty, and always followed by careful drying to avoid dampness trapped close to the skin.

The hair around the eyes needs particular attention. While the fringe is part of the breed’s typical appearance, it should not block the dog’s vision. Many owners subtly trim or part the hair so the Briard can see clearly, especially if the dog is actively working or training in sports. Regular checks of the paws, ears, and tail area help catch any tangles or debris early.

A well groomed Briard is a pleasure to see and touch. With correct coat care, shedding is moderate and much of the loose hair stays in the coat until brushed out, which some people find easier to manage than heavy seasonal shedding. The key is consistency. Owners who enjoy grooming and see it as quiet bonding time with their dog usually find the Briard’s appearance quite rewarding.

Temperament & Personality

The Briard is often described as a “big personality” in a shaggy coat. At heart, this is a devoted, intelligent, and emotionally sensitive breed that forms deep bonds with its people. Many owners feel that their Briard seems to read their moods and stay close when they are tired or unwell, yet spring into action when it is time for adventure. This sense of connection is one of the reasons people fall in love with the breed and come back to it again and again.

In daily life, a well raised Briard is both watchful and affectionate. As a traditional herding and guarding dog, it has a natural sense of responsibility and often likes to keep an eye on “its” family. You might notice your Briard lying where it can see everyone or quietly moving from room to room to check on children or other pets. The breed tends to be aloof with strangers at first, not aggressive, but cautious and reserved until it understands that everything is safe. Once a person is accepted, however, the Briard can be warm and even goofy, showing a playful and sometimes clownish side.

With family and people it knows well, the Briard is usually very affectionate and loyal. It often enjoys being close, leaning against your legs, resting its head on your lap, or following you from room to room. This closeness can be wonderful, but it also means that many Briards do not like being left alone for long hours day after day. Regular companionship, mental stimulation, and a clear routine help them feel secure.

Around children, a well socialized Briard can be a lovely companion. The breed’s herding background means it is used to working around movement and noise, and many Briards are patient and protective with kids. However, their size and enthusiasm require some care. Young dogs may try to herd running children, sometimes nudging or circling them. Clear training and supervision are important, especially with small children who might be knocked over by a happy, bouncing adolescent Briard. Teaching children to respect the dog’s space, avoid pulling on the coat, and treat the dog kindly sets the foundation for a strong relationship.

With other dogs and pets, the Briard can vary. Many live peacefully with other dogs and even cats, particularly if they are introduced carefully and raised together from a young age. The herding instinct, however, might show up in the form of gentle chasing or controlling behavior. Early socialization is essential. Regular exposure to different dogs, people, and places helps the Briard grow into a confident adult that does not react defensively in new situations. Without good socialization, some Briards may become overly suspicious or protective, which can be challenging in busy modern environments.

Common temperament challenges include:

• Strong protective instincts that, if unmanaged, can lead to over guarding.
• A tendency to be independent and think for themselves, especially if they feel the human is unclear or inconsistent.
• High sensitivity to harsh voices or rough handling, which can damage trust.

The Briard responds best to calm, confident leadership and a home where rules are consistent but kind. They appreciate mental work and enjoy feeling included in family activities. This is not a breed that typically thrives in a chaotic or neglectful environment, or in a home where it is treated as a decorative house pet without meaningful interaction.

For people who enjoy building a partnership with their dog, who like to teach tricks, go on walks, play games, and involve their dog in everyday life, the Briard’s personality is incredibly rewarding. It gives back as much as you put in, often more, and becomes an intelligent, humorous, and devoted companion.

Training & Exercise

The Briard is a working breed at its core, bred for centuries to think, move, and make decisions in the field. This heritage shapes its training and exercise needs in modern life. An under stimulated Briard can quickly become bored, which may lead to unwanted behavior such as barking, digging, pacing, or inventing “jobs” like herding people from one room to another. On the other hand, a Briard that has enough mental and physical activity is typically calm, balanced, and content at home.

In terms of exercise, most Briards need at least one to two hours of varied activity each day once fully grown. This should not only be simple walking on a leash. They enjoy opportunities to trot freely in safe areas, explore new paths, and use their noses. Many owners combine different forms of activity, such as:

• Long walks or moderate hikes across different terrain.
• Jogging or cycling alongside an adult Briard, once joints are mature.
• Play sessions that involve fetch, tug, or structured games in the garden or park.
• Occasional herding style games, like moving a ball or set of toys on cue.

For puppies and adolescents, it is important to avoid excessive repetitive impact, such as long runs on hard surfaces or too many stairs, while their bones and joints are still developing. Gentle, frequent walks, short training games, and safe free play are better until they are physically mature.

Intelligence is a major trait of the Briard, and with that comes a need for mental work. This breed usually learns quickly, but it can also become bored just as quickly if training is monotonous. They do best with positive, reward based training that uses praise, food, and play to motivate them. Harsh methods or rough handling tend to shut them down or create conflict, since Briards are sensitive to tone and mood.

Good training strategies for Briards include:

• Short, frequent sessions with clear goals.
• Variety in exercises, mixing obedience, tricks, and problem solving tasks.
• Use of their natural skills, such as teaching directional cues, search games, or simple herding style movements.

Basic obedience is important not only for manners but also for safety. A solid recall, a reliable “stay,” and calm leash walking make daily life easier and give the Briard more freedom. Because they are strong and agile, starting leash training early is very helpful, so that an adult Briard does not pull its owner off balance.

Many Briards thrive in dog sports that allow them to use both body and mind. Activities that suit the breed well include:

• Obedience and rally, where they can show their capacity for precise work.
• Agility, if introduced sensibly, which lets them use their natural athleticism.
• Herding trials, for those owners who have access to livestock.
• Nose work or tracking, which taps into their keen sense of smell and their love of purposeful tasks.

Even if you do not wish to compete, incorporating simple versions of these activities at home can satisfy your Briard’s work drive. For example, hiding toys or treats around the house for the dog to find, teaching them to pick up and carry objects, or practicing short agility style obstacles in the garden can all be very effective.

One aspect to remember is that Briards often think for themselves. While they are capable of excellent obedience, they may sometimes question unclear instructions. Owners who remain calm, set rules from the beginning, and reward cooperation while consistently ignoring or redirecting unwanted behavior usually have few problems. Respect flows both ways with this breed. When the Briard feels understood and fairly treated, training can become a real pleasure, and the bond that grows through shared work is one of the greatest joys of life with this dog.

Health

The Briard is generally a robust and hardworking breed, built for long days in tough conditions. With responsible breeding and sensible care, many Briards enjoy a long, active life, often reaching 11 to 13 years or more. Like all breeds, however, they are predisposed to certain health issues that prospective owners should understand.

One of the main concerns in the breed is hip dysplasia, a developmental condition where the hip joint does not fit together perfectly. This can lead to arthritis and pain over time. Reputable breeders have their dogs’ hips evaluated through official schemes before breeding. When looking for a puppy, ask to see hip scores for both parents and discuss how the breeder selects for sound structure. Keeping your Briard at a healthy weight and avoiding excessive impact exercise during growth are important steps in protecting the joints.

Elbow dysplasia and certain other orthopedic issues may also occur. Regular monitoring of movement, especially during the rapid growth phase, and consultation with a veterinarian if you notice persistent lameness or stiffness can make a big difference in outcome. Many problems are more manageable when caught early.

Because the Briard is a coated breed with hair falling over the eyes, eye health is another area of focus. Some lines have shown issues such as cataracts or progressive retinal atrophy, which can lead to visual impairment over time. Responsible breeders typically carry out eye examinations on breeding dogs. When speaking with a breeder, it is reasonable to ask about any eye screening that has been done and whether there have been known eye problems in the lineage.

Other conditions occasionally reported in the breed include:

• Certain autoimmune diseases, which can affect skin, joints, or other organs.
• Hypothyroidism, a hormonal disorder that can cause lethargy, weight gain, and coat changes.
• Bloat, or gastric dilatation volvulus, a serious emergency condition seen in many large, deep chested breeds.

While not every Briard will encounter these problems, it is helpful for owners to recognize symptoms early. For example, sudden abdominal swelling and restlessness after eating could be signs of bloat and require immediate veterinary care. Slow changes, such as dullness, increased shedding, or changes in behavior, may suggest hormonal or other internal issues and are worth discussing with a veterinarian.

Good breeders work carefully to reduce the risk of inherited disease through health testing and thoughtful pairing of dogs. Typical recommended tests or checks include:

• Hip evaluation.
• Eye examinations.
• Sometimes additional screenings depending on regional club guidelines and emerging knowledge.

When choosing a puppy, adopting from a breeder who is active in a Briard club or national kennel club often increases the chance that appropriate health measures have been taken. For adult dogs, regular veterinary checkups, including annual exams and vaccinations according to local guidelines, help keep health on track.

Routine preventive care is particularly important for a dog that spends time outdoors, such as a Briard that enjoys hiking or farm work. Protection against parasites like fleas, ticks, and worms is essential, especially because ticks can carry diseases in many regions. Ear and skin checks during grooming sessions help detect any infections or irritations early, especially in areas with dense coat.

Good nutrition plays a major role in long term health. A balanced, high quality diet tailored to the dog’s life stage and activity level supports both body and coat. Owners should be careful not to overfeed growing puppies, as rapid growth can stress developing joints. Slow, steady development is healthier than pushing for a large size early.

With responsible breeding, thoughtful selection of a puppy or rescue dog, and committed care, the Briard’s natural hardiness can really shine. Many owners report that their Briards stay playful and interested in life well into old age, enjoying moderate exercise and continued mental challenges as seniors.

History & Origins

The Briard is a proud part of France’s pastoral history, with roots that stretch back many centuries. While precise records from the early days are scarce, written references and old illustrations suggest that large, shaggy herding dogs existed in the French countryside as far back as the Middle Ages. These dogs were valued not only for moving sheep and cattle across long distances, but also for guarding the flocks against predators and thieves.

In those early times, different regions of France had their own local herding dogs, and the Briard, or Berger de Brie, took its name from the historical region of Brie. The breed developed to suit the needs of farmers and shepherds in that area. It needed to be strong enough to work all day, brave enough to face wolves and other dangers, and clever enough to manage livestock with relatively little guidance. The long, weather resistant coat protected it from cold winds and rain in open fields.

Over time, the Briard became known throughout France. It was prized not only for its working ability but also for its loyalty and courage. In the 19th century, as dog shows and formal breed standards became more common in Europe, efforts were made to standardize the Briard’s appearance and characteristics. Descriptions from this period highlight features that remain typical today, such as the long coat, expressive head, and strong, slightly rectangular body.

The Briard also played a role in military history. During the First World War, the breed served the French army as a messenger, sentry, and search dog. Its intelligence, courage, and excellent hearing made it especially valuable in locating wounded soldiers on the battlefield. Many Briards lost their lives in service, and breeders and fanciers had to work carefully after the war to rebuild the population.

As modern agriculture changed and traditional pastoral life decreased in many areas, the Briard adapted to new roles. It continued to work on farms and with flocks where needed, but it also began to appear more often as a family companion and show dog. The breed spread beyond France, with enthusiasts in other European countries and later in North America, Scandinavia, and elsewhere helping to establish it as a recognized and respected working and companion breed.

Today, the Briard is still used in herding and protection work in some regions, although this is less common than in the past. More frequently, you will find Briards participating in a range of dog sports and activities. They can be seen in obedience, agility, tracking, and herding trials, as well as serving as therapy dogs and companions for active families. While the environment has changed, the essential character of the Briard remains closely connected to its origins: a devoted, intelligent, and watchful dog with a strong instinct to care for its “flock,” whether that is a group of sheep or a human family.

Understanding this background helps explain many traits of the modern Briard. Its natural protectiveness, its need for a job, its independence combined with deep loyalty, all stem from generations of purposeful breeding for life in the fields and on the farm. When a modern owner respects and works with this heritage, rather than trying to ignore it, they often find that the Briard’s historical qualities translate beautifully into today’s world.

Living with the Breed

Living with a Briard is a rich and rewarding experience, but it is not one to enter lightly. This is a breed for people who genuinely enjoy spending time with their dog and are ready to invest in training, exercise, and coat care. In return, the Briard offers companionship of a very special kind, full of loyalty, humor, and quiet understanding.

The first thing new owners often notice is the Briard’s presence in the home. This is not a dog that disappears into the background. A Briard likes to be part of whatever is happening, whether that is a family movie night, gardening, or a long weekend walk. They usually follow their people from room to room, settle nearby when you sit down, and often rest where they can see the door or main living space. If you enjoy this sense of constant companionship, it is incredibly comforting. If you prefer a dog that is more independent and self entertaining, the Briard may feel overwhelming.

Space is another consideration. While a Briard can adapt to living in a house with a garden or even an apartment, provided exercise needs are met, they are large and active enough that cramped environments can be difficult. Access to safe outdoor areas, whether a secure yard or regular visits to parks and countryside, is very helpful. Indoors, the long coat will collect dirt and debris, even with good grooming, so owners should be prepared for more frequent cleaning of floors and dog bedding.

Financially, owning a Briard comes with costs that are similar to other large breeds, and in some respects higher. Typical annual expenses may include:

• Quality food suitable for a large, active dog.
• Routine veterinary care, vaccinations, and parasite prevention.
• Grooming equipment, shampoo, and possibly professional grooming sessions if you choose to use a groomer.
• Training classes, particularly in the first years.
• Replacement of toys, collars, leads, and beds over time.

If health problems arise, or if you choose to take part in dog sports, costs can increase further. Prospective owners should budget realistically, taking into account not just purchase or adoption fees, but long term responsibility.

Certain pieces of equipment make life with a Briard easier and more comfortable for both dog and owner. A sturdy, well fitting harness or collar, combined with a strong leash, is important for daily walks. Because of the breed’s weight and strength, investing in quality hardware that will last is usually wise. At home, a comfortable, washable bed in a quiet corner gives the dog a place to relax, although you may find that your Briard chooses spots where it can keep an eye on everything.

For grooming, essential items include a pin brush, a metal comb, and possibly a slicker brush for delicate work on fine tangles. Many owners also keep blunt ended scissors for trimming hair around the paws and to assist gently with mats that cannot be brushed out. If you travel often or plan to show your dog, a good quality dog dryer can be a worthwhile investment to speed up coat drying after baths.

Mentally, owners need to be ready to guide and support a sensitive, thinking dog. Consistent rules, a calm home environment, and positive training go a long way. Briards generally do not do well if they are shouted at, roughly handled, or frequently left alone without stimulation. Separation issues can occur if a dog that is very attached to its people is suddenly asked to cope with long periods of isolation, so building independence gradually and providing suitable toys or chew items when you are out can help.

Daily life with a Briard often includes:

• Morning and evening walks, ideally with time for free movement and sniffing.
• Short training sessions, even if just five to ten minutes, to keep the mind active.
• Regular grooming checks, turning into full grooming sessions several times a week.
• Quiet time together, where the dog can simply rest near its people.

In return, you gain a dog that will learn your routines, greet you with clear joy, and often instinctively place itself between you and anything it perceives as a threat, even if that “threat” is only the doorbell. Many owners speak of their Briard as a true friend, not just a pet.

For the right person, living with a Briard is immensely satisfying. The key is honesty before bringing one home. If you are prepared to invest time, energy, and affection, and you appreciate the idea of sharing your life with a dog that thinks, feels deeply, and wants to be by your side, then the Briard may be exactly the breed you are looking for.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of temperament does a Briard typically have?

They are usually loyal, sensitive and deeply attached to their family, with a natural instinct to watch over home and people. Many are reserved or cautious with strangers but not aggressive when well socialized. They are intelligent, strong willed and respond best to calm, consistent handling.

Is a Briard a good family dog for homes with children?

They can be excellent family companions for respectful, dog‑savvy children because of their protective and affectionate nature. However, their herding instincts may lead them to nudge or “round up” running kids, which some families find overwhelming. Early training and supervision are important to teach appropriate behavior around children.

How much exercise does a Briard need each day?

Most adults need at least 60 to 90 minutes of daily physical activity plus mental work, such as training or scent games. They are working herding dogs and can become restless, vocal or destructive if under exercised. Long walks, secure off leash play and structured tasks suit them better than short, casual strolls.

How difficult is Briard grooming and coat care?

The long, coarse coat requires regular maintenance, usually full brushing several times a week to prevent mats and tangles. Owners should expect sessions that reach down to the skin and pay attention to areas behind the ears, under the legs and around the tail. Professional grooming and occasional trimming around the paws and sanitary areas are often helpful.

Can a Briard live comfortably in an apartment or small home?

They can adapt to smaller spaces if their exercise and mental needs are reliably met every day. Stairs and elevators are usually not a problem, but lack of outdoor activity will be. Regular access to safe open areas and a structured routine matters more than the size of the living space.

Are Briards good with other dogs and pets?

Many do well with other dogs if they are socialized early and supervised during interactions, especially with dogs of the same sex. Their guarding and herding instincts can lead to bossy or controlling behavior toward other animals. With careful introductions they can coexist with cats and livestock, but individual temperament varies widely.

What health problems are Briards prone to?

Common concerns include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia and certain eye issues such as cataracts or progressive retinal atrophy. Some lines may be at risk of bloat and autoimmune conditions. Responsible breeders typically screen hips, elbows, eyes and sometimes hearts to reduce the likelihood of inherited disease.

Do Briards really have a natural herding and guarding instinct?

Yes, they were developed as all‑purpose French farm dogs that guarded flocks and drove livestock. Many still show strong instincts to watch over territory and to control movement of people or animals. This can be channeled into herding sports, obedience, tracking or other structured work so it does not become a behavior problem.

How trainable is a Briard for first‑time owners?

They are highly intelligent and capable of advanced training but can be independent, sensitive and quick to notice inconsistency. Harsh methods tend to damage trust, while patient, reward‑based training works much better. First‑time owners who are prepared to attend classes and follow a clear structure can succeed, but the breed is not ideal for very casual or hands‑off owners.

How well does a Briard handle being left alone during the day?

They form strong bonds and may struggle with long periods of isolation, which can lead to barking, pacing or destructive behavior. Gradual alone‑time training, interactive toys and a reliable routine help many adults cope. Households where someone is home part of the day or can provide midday breaks are usually a better fit.

Sources

• The Briard Club of Great Britain
• Société Centrale Canine (France)
• Verein für Deutsche Schäferhunde (Germany)
• Norwegian Kennel Club
• Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)