Pointer

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Classic gundog famous for its elegant outline and distinctive “pointing” stance when it locates game.
• Athletic and powerful yet surprisingly gentle, affectionate, and people focused in the home.
• High energy working breed that needs plenty of daily exercise, mental stimulation, and outdoor time.
• Short, smooth coat that is easy to maintain, with colours ranging from lemon and white to solid liver or black.
• Best suited to active people and families who enjoy hiking, running, field sports, or other outdoor activities.

Appearance & Coat

The Pointer is one of those breeds that turns heads wherever it goes. At first glance you notice the clean, flowing lines and natural balance of the dog. The body is athletic rather than bulky, built for long days in the field. A well bred Pointer should look as if it could cover ground effortlessly, with a long, free stride and enough strength to work on uneven terrain.

Males are usually a little larger and more powerful than females, but both sexes share the same general outline. Height at the shoulder often ranges from about 61 to 69 centimetres for males and 57 to 66 centimetres for females, with a weight that matches their frame rather than making them heavy. The chest is deep but not overly broad, giving room for strong lungs and heart, while the ribs are well sprung without being barrel shaped. The loins are slightly arched and the hindquarters well muscled, which contributes to the breed’s characteristic drive and forward reach when moving.

The head of the Pointer is both noble and functional. The skull is fairly wide with a clear stop, and the muzzle is long enough to carry game and breathe freely while working. Nostrils are wide and open, reflecting the breed’s exceptional scenting ability. The eyes are expressive and usually dark, giving a keen, intelligent expression. Ears are set fairly high, of medium length, and lie close to the head with a soft, thin leather.

The tail is a strong feature in the breed. It is thick at the base and tapers toward the end, carried level with the back when the dog is moving. When a Pointer locks on to scent and “points,” the tail stiffens and extends in a straight line with the back, creating that classic silhouette which many gundog lovers admire.

The coat is short, dense, and smooth to the touch. It lies close to the body and has a glossy look when the dog is in good condition. Because it is relatively thin compared with some other gundogs, the Pointer does not have much protection from cold or wet weather. Colours are varied and attractive. Common combinations include:

• Lemon and white
• Orange and white
• Liver and white
• Black and white
• Tricolour
• Solid colours such as liver or black

The coloured areas can appear as patches or ticking on a white background, and markings on the head and ears often add character to each individual dog.

Coat care is straightforward, which many owners appreciate. A weekly brushing session with a rubber grooming mitt or soft bristle brush usually keeps shedding under control and helps distribute natural skin oils. During heavy shedding periods, which often occur in spring and autumn, you may want to brush more often and run a damp cloth over the coat to catch loose hairs before they end up on furniture and clothing.

Regular checks of the skin are important because the thin coat offers little protection from scratches and minor wounds picked up in the field. After walks in tall grass or undergrowth, run your hands over your Pointer to look for burrs, small cuts, or ticks. Ears should be inspected and gently cleaned as needed, particularly after swimming or hunting in damp conditions. Although the coat repels some dirt, a bath every couple of months or when the dog gets especially muddy will keep it comfortable and smelling fresh. Use a mild dog shampoo to avoid drying out the skin.

Overall, the Pointer’s appearance and coat reflect its function. Everything about its build is geared towards efficient movement, stamina, and sensitivity to scent, while the minimal grooming routine is a pleasant bonus for many busy owners.

Temperament & Personality

Living with a Pointer is like living with an enthusiastic, good natured athlete. These dogs are bred to work closely with humans, so they tend to form strong bonds with their families and thrive on interaction. Most Pointers are affectionate, playful, and eager to be involved in whatever their people are doing, whether that is relaxing on the sofa in the evening or exploring new trails at the weekend.

In daily life, a well socialised Pointer is typically friendly and open with strangers, though some may be slightly reserved at first. They are not typically used as guard dogs, as they are much more inclined to greet a newcomer with curiosity and a wagging tail than with suspicion. Their natural alertness, however, means they will usually let you know if someone approaches the house, so they can still function as an early warning system.

With families, Pointers usually shine. They tend to be gentle and patient with children, especially when raised alongside them. Their playful side makes them wonderful companions for active kids who enjoy outdoor games. At the same time, their size and energy level mean that supervision is important, particularly with very young children. A happy Pointer racing around a garden can easily knock a toddler over by accident, so teaching both child and dog how to behave around each other is essential.

Pointers are generally sociable with other dogs. Many enjoy canine company, whether in the home or at the park. Early introductions and positive experiences help them develop appropriate dog manners. When it comes to smaller pets, such as cats or rabbits, individual temperament and upbringing play a big role. The Pointer is a hunting breed with a strong instinct to locate and “point” game, so some dogs may show intense interest in small, fast moving animals. Others learn to live peacefully with a household cat, especially if they are raised together from a young age. It is wise to supervise interactions and never leave the dog alone with small pets until you are completely confident in its behaviour.

Mental stimulation is as important as affection for this breed. A bored Pointer can become quite inventive in finding ways to entertain itself, which may not always please its owner. Common challenges include:

• Chewing household items when left alone for too long
• Digging in gardens or flowerbeds
• Restlessness and pacing indoors
• Excessive excitement when visitors arrive

These behaviours are often a sign that the dog is not getting enough exercise or mental engagement rather than a sign of “bad” temperament. When their needs are met, Pointers are typically calm, relaxed, and content in the home. Many owners describe them as couch companions who turn into focused athletes the moment they step outside.

Emotionally, the Pointer can be fairly sensitive. They respond strongly to voice tone and body language, and many do not cope well with harsh treatment or loud, chaotic environments. This sensitivity, however, is part of what makes them so responsive and trainable with kind methods. They want to please their people and are quick to pick up on routines and expectations.

Overall, the Pointer’s personality suits an owner who enjoys a close partnership with a dog. If you are looking for a companion who will share your active lifestyle, join you on adventures, then settle by your feet at the end of the day, the Pointer can be an excellent choice. On the other hand, if you prefer a low energy dog who is content with short walks and long days alone, this is probably not the breed for you.

Training & Exercise

Training and exercise are absolutely central to a happy life with a Pointer. This is a working gundog bred for stamina and drive, so a couple of short strolls around the block will not be enough. When their physical and mental needs are met, Pointers can be delightful companions. When those needs are ignored, problems quickly build up.

In terms of daily exercise, most adult Pointers require at least one to two hours of active movement every day. This can include brisk walking, running alongside a bicycle, free running in safe areas, or structured activities such as field work or tracking. Young dogs should not be over exercised while their bones are still developing, but they still need several shorter sessions to burn off energy and explore their environment.

Pointers tend to love:

• Long hikes in the countryside where they can use their nose
• Jogging or canicross with their owner
• Playing fetch or searching for hidden toys
• Swimming, when introduced gently and safely

Among all these, activities that involve scent work and searching are often the most satisfying. The breed was developed to locate game birds by air scent, then freeze in a rigid stance to indicate their position to the hunter. Even if your Pointer never sees a day of formal field work, this instinct remains. Many owners hide treats or toys in tall grass or woodland and allow the dog to quarter the area, using its nose to locate the prize. This kind of game taps into natural drives and leaves the dog pleasantly tired both mentally and physically.

Training methods should focus on positive reinforcement and clear communication. Pointers are intelligent and quick learners, but they can become discouraged by harsh corrections. They respond best when training feels like a cooperative game rather than a battle of wills. Use treats, toys, or praise to reward desired behaviour, break tasks into manageable steps, and keep sessions relatively short and fun. Variety is your friend. Repeating the same drill over and over can bore a Pointer and lead to wandering attention.

Basic obedience is important for safety, especially reliable recall. Many Pointers have a strong chase instinct and an eagerness to follow interesting scents. Working on recall from a young age, initially on a long line in safe areas, helps build a habit of checking in and coming back when called. Teaching a solid “wait” or “stay,” as well as loose lead walking, also makes everyday life smoother.

Because this is an active and versatile breed, Pointers often excel in various dog sports, which can be a great outlet for energy and drive. They may enjoy:

• Field trials or practical gundog training
• Agility, where their speed and athleticism shine
• Obedience or rally obedience
• Tracking, search games, or scent detection sport

You do not need to compete formally to benefit from these activities. Even a local training club or informal group session can provide valuable mental stimulation and socialisation.

One common training challenge with Pointers is distraction outdoors. Their powerful noses pick up scents from birds, rabbits, and other wildlife, which can be much more interesting than whatever their handler is asking at that moment. To manage this, build your training gradually, starting in quiet environments and slowly increasing the level of distraction. Reward generously when your dog chooses to focus on you rather than the environment. Using high value rewards during outdoor sessions can also make a difference.

Despite their working background, Pointers are not hard, unyielding dogs. They need firmness in the sense of consistency and clear rules, but they do not respond well to intimidation. Owners who invest time in early training, socialisation, and constructive outlets for energy typically find that their Pointer grows into a mannerly, responsive partner, both at home and out in the wider world.

Health

The Pointer is generally considered a robust and healthy breed, particularly when compared with some other large dogs. However, like all purebred dogs, there are certain health conditions that prospective owners and breeders should be aware of. Knowledge and responsible care can go a long way toward supporting a long, active life.

A typical lifespan for a Pointer often ranges from around 12 to 14 years, with some individuals living beyond that when they receive good nutrition, exercise, and veterinary care. To maximise the chance of a healthy companion, many breeders participate in health screening schemes. Commonly recommended tests for the breed include:

• Hip evaluation to check for hip dysplasia
• Elbow evaluation in some populations
• Eye examinations for hereditary eye conditions

Hip dysplasia involves abnormal development of the hip joint, which can lead to arthritis and pain in later life. Responsible breeders select breeding dogs with good hip scores, as assessed by official schemes in their country. For owners, maintaining a lean body weight, avoiding over exercise in very young puppies, and providing appropriate surfaces for movement can help reduce the impact of any predisposition.

Hereditary eye conditions are less common in Pointers than in some other breeds, but regular screening of breeding dogs helps to keep the risk low. Eye checks can also detect acquired problems such as cataracts or retinal issues as the dog ages. Owners should seek veterinary attention if their Pointer shows signs such as redness, cloudiness, squinting, or reluctance to go out in bright light.

Another concern in many deep chested breeds is gastric dilatation volvulus, often called bloat. This is a serious, life threatening condition where the stomach fills with gas and can twist. Not every Pointer will be at high risk, but it is sensible for owners to know the warning signs, such as sudden distended abdomen, unproductive retching, restlessness, and signs of pain. Preventive measures can include feeding two or three smaller meals each day rather than one large one, discouraging vigorous exercise immediately before and after meals, and discussing risk factors with a veterinarian.

Like other active dogs, Pointers are prone to injuries, particularly strains, sprains, and minor cuts picked up during energetic play or field work. Regular checks after exercise help you catch small problems before they become big ones. Pay attention to any persistent lameness, reluctance to jump, or change in gait, and seek veterinary advice if these issues do not resolve promptly.

Skin and ear health deserve some attention as well. The short coat makes it easier to see issues, but it also offers less protection from sun, cold, and environmental irritants. Pointers that spend long periods in strong sun, especially those with mostly white coats, may be at higher risk of sunburn on exposed areas such as the nose and ears. In hot climates, using dog safe sun protection and providing shade is important. Ear infections can develop in any dog with hanging ears, especially if they swim regularly. Routine ear checks and gentle cleaning, along with thorough drying after water work, help reduce the risk.

Good general care contributes greatly to health. This includes:

• A balanced, high quality diet appropriate for age and activity level
• Regular worming and parasite control
• Annual health checkups and vaccinations as recommended by your vet
• Dental care, either through tooth brushing or suitable chews

Obesity is a risk that should not be underestimated. Pointers love food and can easily gain weight if their intake is not matched to their energy output. Excess weight puts stress on joints, increases the risk of metabolic disease, and can shorten lifespan. Being able to feel your dog’s ribs without excessive pressure and seeing a clear waist from above are simple ways to monitor body condition at home.

By choosing a responsible breeder, carrying out recommended health screenings, and committing to an active, healthy lifestyle, most Pointer owners can enjoy many years of companionship with minimal serious health issues.

History & Origins

The Pointer is one of the classic gundog breeds, and its story is closely tied to the development of bird hunting in Europe. Although its exact origins are not recorded in detail, most experts agree that the breed took shape in Britain several centuries ago. Early references to pointing dogs appear from the 17th century, when hunters began to move from netting birds to shooting them on the wing. For this new style of hunting, they needed a dog that could range ahead, find game by scent, then freeze and indicate precisely where the birds were hiding.

It is believed that the British Pointer was influenced by various European pointing breeds, such as Spanish and Portuguese dogs that were brought to Britain by travellers and returning soldiers. These dogs were likely crossed with fast British hounds and perhaps with foxhounds to create a lighter, swifter type capable of covering large expanses of moor and field. Over time, dedicated breeders selected for the qualities that are still valued today: exceptional scenting ability, a strong and stylish point, speed, endurance, and a cooperative temperament.

By the 18th and 19th centuries, the Pointer had become a mainstay of the British sporting scene. Paintings from this era often depict elegant Pointers on moorland, frozen in dramatic poses as they mark hidden game birds. The breed’s reputation spread across Europe and beyond, and Pointer blood played a role in the development of other gundog breeds in several countries.

As field shooting traditions evolved, so did expectations of the Pointer. It was prized as a specialist for locating and indicating birds, usually working ahead of the hunter and sometimes in partnership with a retriever. Its job was to find but not flush the birds, allowing the shooter to position themselves. This role demanded not only natural scenting skill but also a high degree of trainability and steadiness in the presence of intense excitement.

With the rise of organised dog shows in the 19th century, the Pointer also became a popular exhibition breed. Kennel clubs set out formal breed standards to describe the ideal structure and appearance, while working enthusiasts continued to test and refine field ability through trials. Carefully maintained stud books and breeding programs helped fix the typical Pointer look and character that we recognise today.

In the modern world, fewer people rely on hunting dogs for their livelihood, but the Pointer has adapted well to changing times. In many countries it remains a valued working gundog for game bird shooting. In others, it has found a role as a versatile sporting and companion dog. Pointers can still be seen in field trials, where they demonstrate their ability to range, point, and work in partnership with a handler. At the same time, they appear in show rings, obedience competitions, and even agility events, where their speed and enthusiasm stand out.

Despite these different uses, the essence of the Pointer remains the same. It is still, at heart, a tireless, dedicated bird dog with a strong desire to work closely with people. Understanding this heritage helps modern owners appreciate why their Pointer is so keen to use its nose, why it naturally sweeps ground in a particular pattern, and why it often seems to come alive in open countryside. The breed’s long history as a hunting partner has shaped not only its physical form but also its cooperative and eager nature, which continues to win admirers around the world.

Living with the Breed

Sharing your life with a Pointer is a rewarding experience, but it comes with specific responsibilities and lifestyle considerations. This is not a breed that simply fits into any environment or routine. Prospective owners should think carefully about whether their daily life can offer what a Pointer truly needs.

Space is one factor, although surprisingly, Pointers can live in smaller homes or even apartments if their exercise needs are met. What matters more than the size of the home is the amount of time the dog spends outside and active each day. An owner who is away for long hours and unable to provide long walks or runs is likely to struggle. Ideally, you should be able to commit to at least one substantial outing every day, with additional shorter walks or play sessions.

A secure garden or yard is extremely helpful. Pointers are often interested in anything that moves, including birds, squirrels, and passing joggers. Strong, reliable fencing is essential to prevent wandering. Within this space, you can set up enrichment activities, such as:

• Scent trails made with food or treats
• Hidden toys in safe corners of the garden
• Rotating chew toys and puzzle feeders

These simple ideas help keep the dog mentally occupied, especially when you are busy indoors. However, garden play should be seen as a complement to, not a replacement for, proper walks and outings.

In terms of financial commitment, owning a Pointer is comparable to many other medium to large breeds. Annual costs commonly include:

• Quality food appropriate for an active dog
• Routine veterinary care, vaccinations, and parasite control
• Insurance, if chosen, which can be very helpful in case of unexpected illness or injury
• Training classes, especially during the first years
• Equipment replacement, such as collars, harnesses, beds, and toys

The exact amount will vary by region and lifestyle, but it is wise to budget for food and insurance as significant ongoing expenses. Pointers can eat more than smaller breeds, particularly when working or very active, so food quality and portion control should both be considered.

Useful equipment for living with a Pointer includes a comfortable, well fitted harness for walks, especially while loose lead training, and a strong, secure lead. Many owners also make good use of a long line in open areas while working on recall. A supportive bed or mattress is appreciated by these athletic dogs, who often enjoy stretching out fully when they rest. Because they have thin coats, they can be sensitive to cold, especially when wet and tired, so a dog coat or drying robe can make winter and wet weather more comfortable.

Crate training, when introduced positively, can be very helpful with this breed. A crate gives the dog a safe, quiet place to relax and can prevent destructive behaviour when you are out for short periods. The crate should never be used as a punishment, but rather as a cosy den with soft bedding and perhaps a chew toy.

Time and attention are perhaps the most important resources you will provide. Pointers do not usually thrive when left alone for long hours every day. Many will tolerate a reasonable period on their own if they are well exercised and mentally tired beforehand, but regular long absences can lead to anxiety or destructive habits. Owners who work full time often arrange for dog walkers, doggy day care, or a trusted friend or family member to help during the day.

Social life with a Pointer can be very enjoyable. They usually love joining family gatherings, car trips, and outdoor events. Their friendly nature means they are often welcome in dog friendly cafés or public places. However, basic manners are important for everyone’s comfort. Teaching the dog not to jump on people, not to snatch food, and to settle calmly under a table are practical skills that make outings smoother.

In the home, you can expect a Pointer to be close by you most of the time. Many like to follow their owners from room to room, and quite a few believe that sofas and beds were invented for them. If you prefer to keep furniture dog free, it is worth establishing this rule early and offering attractive alternative resting places. If you enjoy a dog curled up at your feet or leaning against you during quiet evenings, the Pointer’s affectionate nature will feel like a perfect fit.

Ultimately, living with a Pointer means embracing an active, outdoor oriented lifestyle and enjoying a deep partnership with an intelligent, sensitive dog. For people and families who are prepared for this level of commitment, the reward is a loyal companion who shares their adventures, keeps them moving, and greets each day with enthusiasm and heart.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of temperament does a Pointer have in a family home?

This breed is typically affectionate, gentle and very people oriented. They are energetic outdoors but usually calm indoors once exercised. Most do well with respectful children and enjoy being part of all family activities. Their sensitivity means they respond best to kind, consistent handling rather than harsh corrections.

How much exercise does a Pointer really need each day?

This is an athletic field dog that generally needs at least 1.5 to 2 hours of purposeful activity every day. Long walks, off‑lead running in safe areas, and mentally engaging work such as scent games or gundog training are ideal. Without enough exercise, they can become restless, vocal, or destructive in the home.

Are Pointers good apartment dogs or do they need a house with a yard?

They can live in an apartment, but only if their exercise and mental stimulation needs are met very reliably. A secure yard makes daily life much easier, since they enjoy sprinting and exploring. In smaller spaces they tend to follow their people closely, so owners need to be comfortable with a very attached, active dog.

Do Pointers get along with other pets, especially smaller animals?

Most get along well with other dogs and can be sociable in multi‑dog homes. Because of their strong prey drive, they may chase cats, rabbits and other small animals, particularly outdoors. Early, careful socialisation and training can improve manners, but some individuals are never fully trustworthy with small pets off lead.

What health problems are Pointers prone to?

They are generally robust, but there is increased risk of hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, eye conditions such as progressive retinal atrophy, and certain autoimmune and thyroid issues. Bloat (gastric dilatation‑volvulus) can also occur in deep‑chested dogs of this type. Responsible breeders screen for hips, elbows and eyes and monitor family lines for inherited disease.

How much grooming does a Pointer’s short coat require?

The short, dense coat is low maintenance and usually only needs a quick brushing once or twice a week to remove loose hair. They do shed, especially seasonally, so regular brushing can reduce hair in the home. Routine nail trimming, ear checks and dental care are still important even though the coat itself is simple.

At what age do Pointers typically calm down and stop acting like puppies?

Many remain quite lively through the first three years and mature more slowly than some other breeds. They often start to settle mentally around two to three years of age, provided they receive appropriate training and daily exercise. Even as adults they retain a playful, active personality rather than becoming sedentary.

Are Pointers easy to train for first‑time dog owners?

They are intelligent, biddable and usually eager to please, but their energy and sensitivity can be challenging for beginners. Consistent routines, reward‑based methods and short, varied sessions work best. Off‑lead reliability can take time because many are easily distracted by scents and birds, so recall training needs early and ongoing focus.

What is the difference between a Pointer and other pointing breeds like the German Shorthaired Pointer?

This breed is typically more refined and lighter in build, with a smoother coat and a very distinctive, stylised pointing stance. It was developed primarily as a specialist bird dog focused on locating and indicating game, whereas some continental pointing breeds were designed as versatile all‑round gundogs. Temperament can also differ, with this breed often described as particularly sensitive and people focused.

Is a Pointer suitable for an inactive or very busy lifestyle?

This is not a good choice for people who cannot commit significant daily time to exercise and interaction. They need both physical outlets and mental work to stay balanced and content. When their needs are not met, behaviour problems such as hyperactivity, chewing or excessive vocalisation are more likely to develop.

Sources

• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)
• Dansk Kennel Klub (Danish Kennel Club)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)
• Société Centrale Canine (French Kennel Club)