Griffon Nivernais

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Ancient French scenthound, originally bred for hunting wild boar and deer in dense forests
• Shaggy, tousled coat with a rugged, “old world” look and a distinctive grey‑fawn coloring
• Lively, determined hunter outdoors but generally calm, gentle, and affectionate at home
• Highly pack oriented and usually very sociable with other dogs, especially other hounds
• Needs plenty of exercise, mental stimulation, and patient training to channel strong hunting instincts

Appearance & Coat

The Griffon Nivernais is a medium‑sized, rustic scenthound with a distinctly old‑fashioned look. At first glance, many people notice the rough coat and serious, somewhat melancholic expression. On closer inspection, this is a solidly built dog with a body designed for long days of work in challenging terrain.

Males generally stand around 55 to 60 cm at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller but still well proportioned. The body is slightly longer than it is tall, giving the Griffon Nivernais the outline of an endurance dog rather than a sprinting athlete. The chest is deep enough to allow good lung capacity, and the back is firm and strong. Nothing about the breed looks exaggerated or fragile. It gives the impression of stamina, toughness, and functionality.

The head is fairly long, with a slightly domed skull and a strong muzzle. The eyes are usually dark, conveying a thoughtful, somewhat distant gaze that many owners fall in love with. Long, supple ears hang close to the head and are covered with softer hair, which contributes a lot to the breed’s characteristic expression. The tail is of medium length, carried slightly curved in action, and well furnished with rough hair.

The coat of the Griffon Nivernais is one of its main trademarks. It is rough, harsh, and slightly tousled, giving the dog a wind‑swept, rustic look rather than a carefully groomed show coat. The texture is designed to protect the dog from brambles, undergrowth, and bad weather. The undercoat is dense but not excessively thick, so the dog can cope with a range of climates.

Colors are typically described as grey‑fawn or blue‑fawn, often with a mixture of black and fawn hairs that create a grizzled effect. Many dogs have a darker mantle or saddle, with lighter areas on the sides and legs. Some tan markings on the head and limbs can appear, which reminds people of other French hounds.

Coat care is generally straightforward but still important. The rough coat does not require fancy styling, but it does benefit from regular attention:

• Brush thoroughly once or twice a week with a slicker brush or a coarse bristle brush to remove dead hairs and dirt.
• Check and gently comb the beard, feathering on the legs, and the area behind the ears where tangles can form more easily.
• Inspect the coat and skin after walks in rough country, as burrs and seeds can hide in the shaggy hair.

The Griffon Nivernais does not need frequent baths. Too much washing can soften the coat and reduce its weatherproof qualities. A bath every few months, or when the dog is particularly dirty, is usually enough. Many owners also do occasional hand‑stripping or carding to maintain the harsh texture, especially if the dog is shown. Routine care should include regular ear checks, nail trims, and dental hygiene. Because the ears are long and drop close to the head, it is wise to keep them clean and dry to help prevent ear infections.

Temperament & Personality

The Griffon Nivernais is first and foremost a hunting dog, and its temperament reflects that heritage. However, in the right home this breed can also be a deeply affectionate and engaging companion. People who live with Griffons often describe them as sensitive souls hidden behind a rough exterior.

In daily life, the Griffon Nivernais tends to be calm indoors once its exercise needs are met. At home, many enjoy curling up near their family, watching the world with quiet interest. They are usually not as restless or hyperactive inside as some more nervous breeds. That said, this is not a couch‑potato dog. Without enough outdoor activity and mental stimulation, a Griffon can become bored, vocal, and inventive in ways that owners do not appreciate.

With family members, the breed is generally loyal and affectionate, though not as constantly demanding of attention as some companion breeds. Griffons can be a bit reserved or distant toward strangers at first, preferring to observe before they decide someone is worth approaching. Proper socialization from puppyhood helps ensure they grow into confident, friendly adults.

Around children, a well socialized Griffon Nivernais is usually gentle and tolerant, especially with kids who have been taught to respect dogs. Their hunting background means they tend to be robust, not easily startled by everyday household noise or outdoor play. However, their size, energy, and sometimes clumsy enthusiasm call for supervision around very small children. As with any breed, no dog should be left unsupervised with young kids, and children should learn not to pull ears, grab fur, or climb on the dog.

One of the strongest traits in this breed is its pack orientation. The Griffon Nivernais was developed to work in groups, following scent alongside other hounds for hours on end. This means they usually get along very well with other dogs, especially if introduced appropriately. In multi‑dog households, many Griffons thrive and seem happiest with canine company. On the other hand, their strong hunting instincts can make coexistence with small pets more challenging. Cats that live in the home and are introduced early are sometimes accepted, but there is no guarantee, and care must be taken. Small furry pets, like rabbits or rodents, are better kept safely separated.

Potential challenges often come from the breed’s natural instincts. The Griffon Nivernais is guided heavily by scent and can become very engrossed in interesting smells outdoors. Once on a trail, some individuals appear selectively deaf, ignoring calls while they investigate. Barking or baying is another feature of the breed. As a scenthound, it uses its voice to communicate during the hunt. In a suburban neighborhood, that distinctive voice may not always be welcome. With consistent training and enough exercise, barking can be moderated, but owners should be prepared for a vocal dog.

Despite these challenges, the Griffon Nivernais is not a difficult dog in terms of aggression or attitude. It is more likely to be soft‑hearted and sensitive. Harsh handling or loud, angry corrections can upset a Griffon and damage its trust. Owners who approach training with patience, good humor, and positive reinforcement usually discover a willing, affectionate companion who forms a strong bond with the family.

Training & Exercise

Training a Griffon Nivernais can be highly rewarding, as long as you accept that this is a scenthound with its own priorities. The breed is intelligent and learns quickly, but it is also independent and strongly driven by scent. If you expect perfect obedience in every situation, particularly when wildlife is nearby, you may find this breed challenging. On the other hand, if you enjoy working with a dog that has character and natural hunting instincts, the Griffon can be a fascinating partner.

Exercise needs are substantial. A short walk around the block will not satisfy a healthy adult Griffon. Most individuals need at least one to two hours of physical activity per day, ideally broken into a longer outing and some shorter walks or play sessions. The ideal routine often includes:

• Long, purposeful walks or hikes where the dog can explore with its nose
• Off‑lead running in safe, securely fenced areas
• Scent‑based games, such as hiding treats or toys in the garden or house

Because of its remarkable nose and hunting heritage, the Griffon Nivernais particularly enjoys activities that allow it to track and follow trails. Mantrailing, search games, or even informal tracking exercises in the local park give the dog a mental workout that can be at least as tiring as a long run. Many Griffons also relish participating in traditional hunting, where this is legal and properly organized. For non‑hunting owners, scent work sports and nosework classes can be excellent alternatives.

Training should start from the first day the puppy arrives home. Early socialization is essential. Introducing the young Griffon Nivernais to a wide variety of people, animals, sounds, and environments helps build a stable, confident temperament. Puppy classes can be beneficial, not only for basic manners but also for social skills with other dogs.

Methods based on positive reinforcement tend to work best. Rewards such as food treats, praise, play, and the chance to sniff and explore are particularly motivating. Short, varied sessions keep the dog engaged. Repetitive drills, especially in a dull environment, can bore a Griffon quickly. It often works better to incorporate training into everyday life. For instance, ask for a sit before opening the door, practice recall games in the garden, or work on loose‑lead walking during your regular outings.

Recall is usually the greatest challenge. The instinct to follow scent is deeply ingrained, so a reliable recall may require months or even years of consistent work. Long training lines are extremely useful when practicing in open areas. They allow the dog some freedom to explore while still giving you control. Gradually pair the recall word with very high‑value rewards and lots of praise when the dog chooses to come back.

Besides scent work, many Griffon Nivernais enjoy other dog sports that are not too fast or impact heavy, such as canicross at a moderate pace, trekking, or low‑key agility. These activities help build a partnership and improve responsiveness without conflicting with the dog’s natural style. Owners who provide both physical and mental challenges usually find their Griffon calmer and more content at home.

Without enough training and exercise, a bored Griffon may invent its own entertainment. Common issues include digging, howling or baying, and trying to escape in search of interesting smells. Clear boundaries, consistent rules, and an outlet for their instincts are key. When these needs are met, the Griffon Nivernais can be a pleasant, cooperative companion whose independent streak becomes an asset rather than a problem.

Health

The Griffon Nivernais is a relatively rustic and robust breed, shaped by working conditions that did not allow for overly delicate dogs. As with all purebred dogs, though, there are certain health considerations that responsible breeders and owners should keep in mind. Overall, with proper care, the Griffon can enjoy a healthy life and often reaches 11 to 13 years, sometimes longer.

One of the main structural issues seen in many medium and large breeds is hip dysplasia. This condition involves abnormal development of the hip joint, which can lead to pain, lameness, and arthritis over time. Responsible breeders usually have their breeding dogs screened for hip dysplasia with official evaluations. When choosing a puppy, it is wise to ask about the hip status of the parents and, if possible, grandparents.

Elbow dysplasia is less common but may also appear in some bloodlines. Screening breeding stock for elbow health helps reduce the risk. Joint health overall is supported by sensible growth during puppyhood. Avoid overfeeding and excessive jumping or forced exercise in young dogs. Steady, moderate activity, combined with a balanced diet, is far better for developing bones and joints.

Because the Griffon Nivernais has long, heavy ears, it can be prone to ear infections if moisture, wax, and dirt accumulate. Regular ear checks and gentle cleaning when needed can prevent many problems. After swimming or heavy rain, drying the ears carefully helps avoid chronic irritation.

Like other deep‑chested breeds, the Griffon Nivernais may be at some risk of gastric torsion, often called bloat. This is a serious, life‑threatening condition in which the stomach fills with gas and may twist on itself. While not every Griffon will experience this issue, owners should learn the signs, which can include restlessness, a distended abdomen, unsuccessful attempts to vomit, and sudden distress. Feeding two or three smaller meals instead of one large one, avoiding vigorous exercise directly before and after eating, and keeping stress low at mealtimes are sensible precautions.

Eye issues are not widely reported as a major breed problem, but regular veterinary eye checks are still important, especially for breeding dogs. In any working breed, injuries can occur. Scratches, torn nails, and small cuts are common when a dog runs through rough terrain. Owners who hunt or hike in demanding conditions with their Griffon should check the paws, ears, and body after outings and treat any minor wounds promptly.

Responsible breeders often perform a set of recommended health tests on their breeding animals. Depending on the country and kennel club, these may include:

• Hip dysplasia screening
• Elbow dysplasia screening
• Eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist

Potential owners should not hesitate to ask breeders about test results and about any known health issues in the family lines. Reputable breeders will be open in discussing health and will provide documentation.

Routine veterinary care plays a large role in long‑term wellbeing. Regular vaccinations, parasite control, dental checks, and annual health examinations help catch problems early. Weight management is also critical. The Griffon Nivernais should be lean and athletic, not heavy or barrel‑shaped. Extra weight places strain on the joints and can shorten a dog’s active life.

With good breeding, sensible care, and appropriate exercise, the Griffon Nivernais is often a hardy breed that stays active well into its senior years. Older Griffons may slow down and need gentler exercise and perhaps joint supplements or pain relief, but many retain their love of scent and exploration throughout their lives.

History & Origins

The Griffon Nivernais has a long, winding history that mirrors the hunting traditions of rural France. The breed’s roots reach back several centuries and are associated with the central region of Nivernais, a historic province roughly corresponding to the modern Nièvre area. For generations, hunters there needed dogs capable of tracking large game such as wild boar and deer through thick forests, rough scrub, and sometimes mountainous landscapes.

Early ancestors of the Griffon Nivernais are thought to include ancient French hounds that may have been influenced by Eastern sighthounds brought back from the Crusades, as well as other European scenthounds. These early dogs were valued more for working ability than uniform appearance. They needed to follow cold trails for hours, navigate dense cover, and withstand tough weather conditions. Over time, local hunters selected hardy, rough‑coated dogs who proved themselves in the field, creating a distinct regional type.

The French Revolution and later political and social changes caused upheaval in traditional hunting practices and in the noble kennels that had curated many hound lines. As a result, several old French breeds declined dramatically, and some disappeared altogether. The original Nivernais hounds nearly vanished, preserved only in small pockets by dedicated enthusiasts.

In the early twentieth century, French hunters and breeders made deliberate efforts to revive and stabilize the Griffon Nivernais. They used surviving regional hounds and crossed them with other French breeds that shared similar characteristics, including certain rough‑coated scenthounds. The focus remained strongly on hunting performance. Dogs that proved successful against boar and other game became the foundation of modern lines.

By the middle of the twentieth century, the breed had regained a recognisable standard and began to be more formally organized. Kennel clubs established breed standards describing the typical appearance and character of the Griffon Nivernais, while still emphasizing its function as a working hound.

Today, the Griffon Nivernais remains relatively rare outside France. Within its homeland and some neighboring countries, it is still primarily known as a pack hound for hunting wild boar and other large game. Many dogs work in groups, following the lead of experienced hounds and guided by skilled hunters who understand how to read the dogs and the terrain.

Although the breed continues to be strongly tied to hunting traditions, a growing number of Griffon Nivernais are now kept as companion dogs or participate in non‑hunting activities such as tracking sports and scent work. Their rustic charm, interesting history, and affectionate nature attract people who appreciate old working breeds. The challenge for modern breeders and owners is to preserve the Griffon’s unique character and working ability while integrating the breed into contemporary family life.

This historic background explains much of the Griffon Nivernais character today. Its independence, endurance, voice, and powerful nose are not random quirks but the result of centuries of selection for a specific purpose. Understanding that purpose helps potential owners see why the breed behaves the way it does and how best to meet its needs in a modern environment.

Living with the Breed

Living with a Griffon Nivernais is both rewarding and demanding. These dogs suit people who enjoy an active, outdoor lifestyle and who appreciate the personality of a true working hound. Before bringing one home, it is important to think carefully about how the breed will fit into your daily routine, living space, and long‑term plans.

First, consider the home environment. The Griffon Nivernais can adapt to different types of housing, but it is not an ideal apartment dog unless the owner is exceptionally committed to daily exercise. A house with a secure, reasonably sized garden is usually more appropriate. Fencing should be solid and high enough to discourage climbing or jumping. Because of their strong hunting instincts and love of exploration, Griffons can be talented escape artists if given the opportunity.

Noise is another factor. While some individuals are quieter than others, this is a breed with a powerful voice. The traditional hound bay can carry a long way. In a remote rural setting, that may not be a problem, but in a tightly packed neighborhood it could cause tension with neighbors. Consistent training to manage barking and providing enough mental and physical activity will help, but owners should still be prepared for a dog that likes to express itself.

In terms of daily care and commitment, the Griffon Nivernais requires:

• Regular, substantial exercise
• Ongoing training and mental stimulation
• Weekly grooming and routine health care

Financially, owning a Griffon involves the usual costs of a medium to large dog. Annual expenses can include quality food, vaccinations, parasite prevention, grooming tools, pet insurance, and veterinary check‑ups. In many regions, a rough estimate of yearly costs, not including large unexpected vet bills, might fall in the mid range for dog ownership. Dogs that hunt or participate in demanding sports may need additional veterinary attention and specialist gear.

Useful equipment for a Griffon Nivernais typically includes:

• A strong, comfortable harness or well‑fitting collar
• A sturdy leash and a long training line for recall work
• A secure crate or solid bed for resting and travel
• High‑quality brushes suited to rough coats
• Reflective gear if walking in low light, especially in hunting areas

Social needs should not be underestimated. This is a pack‑bred dog that usually enjoys the company of other dogs. While a single Griffon can be perfectly happy with enough human contact and interaction, many thrive in homes with another compatible canine companion. If you are often away from home for long hours, this is probably not the right breed, unless you can arrange for dog sitters, daycare, or regular company.

Owners should also think about how the breed fits into family life. With proper socialization, most Griffons are good with children and visitors, but their independence means they may not be as eager to please as some companion breeds. Training and house manners must be maintained consistently. If you enjoy a tidy, hair‑free home, the rustic Griffon coat and its love of mud, leaves, and outdoor adventures may be a challenge. Regular cleaning and a sense of humor go a long way.

Travel and holidays also require planning. Many Griffon Nivernais dogs travel well by car and enjoy joining their families on hiking trips or stays in the countryside. If you vacation in areas with abundant wildlife, you will need strong management and recall skills or rely on leashes and secure spaces.

Ultimately, living with a Griffon Nivernais is a commitment to meeting the needs of a heritage working breed. For owners who like long walks, who appreciate a dog with character and a rich history, and who can provide structure and affection, the Griffon can be a deeply satisfying companion. It will repay the effort with loyalty, quiet companionship at home, and an enthusiastic love of shared outdoor adventures.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of temperament does the Griffon Nivernais typically have?

This is an energetic, determined scent hound with a strong hunting drive and an independent mind. With family it is usually affectionate and gentle, but it can be reserved with strangers and focused when working. Consistent training and early socialization are important to keep its hunting instincts and independence manageable in daily life.

Is the Griffon Nivernais a good family dog and how does it behave with children and other pets?

It can be a devoted family companion for active households that understand hunting breeds. Most are patient with respectful children, but their size and energy mean supervision is important, especially with younger kids. They usually get along with other dogs, particularly if raised with them, although their strong prey drive can make them unreliable with small pets such as rabbits or outdoor cats.

How much exercise does a Griffon Nivernais need each day?

This is a high energy working hound that needs at least 1.5 to 2 hours of daily physical activity, ideally split into long walks and opportunities to run in a secure area. Mental stimulation such as tracking games, scent work, or problem-solving toys is just as important to prevent boredom. Without enough exercise it may become vocal, restless, or destructive.

Can a Griffon Nivernais live in an apartment or city environment?

Apartment living is challenging because of this breed’s size, energy level, and tendency to vocalize. It does best in a home with a securely fenced yard and easy access to countryside or large open spaces for regular off leash exercise in safe areas. In a city setting it requires a very committed owner who can provide long daily outings and manage its strong scent-following habits.

How easy is it to train a Griffon Nivernais and does its hunting background make it stubborn?

It is intelligent and capable of learning a wide range of commands, but its independence and scent fixation can make response less immediate than in some other breeds. Training works best with calm consistency, clear boundaries, and high value rewards rather than harsh methods. Reliable recall is particularly challenging, so many owners use secure areas or long lines when off lead.

What grooming is required for the Griffon Nivernais’ rough coat?

The harsh, tousled coat is relatively low maintenance but still needs weekly brushing to remove dead hair and debris from outings. Some dogs benefit from occasional hand stripping to keep the texture correct and avoid matting, especially on the beard and ears. Regular ear checks, nail trimming, and cleaning of the facial furnishings help prevent irritation and infections.

What health problems are most common in the Griffon Nivernais?

As a relatively rare working breed it is often robust, but it can be prone to issues found in other large scent hounds such as hip dysplasia and ear infections due to its long, hanging ears. There is also a general risk of bloat in deep chested dogs, so owners should learn the signs and discuss prevention with a veterinarian. Regular health screening and keeping the dog lean and fit are important.

How vocal is the Griffon Nivernais and can its baying be controlled?

It is naturally vocal and uses a deep, carrying voice to communicate when tracking or excited. Training and sufficient exercise can reduce excessive barking, but the instinct to bay will never disappear completely. This trait should be considered carefully in shared living environments or noise sensitive neighborhoods.

Is the Griffon Nivernais suitable for first time dog owners?

It can be challenging for beginners because of its strong hunting instincts, high exercise needs, and independent character. An inexperienced owner who is very committed, works closely with a good trainer, and enjoys outdoor activities may succeed, but many people find it easier if they already have hound or working dog experience. Those wanting a more straightforward companion may prefer a less driven breed.

What kind of home and lifestyle suits a Griffon Nivernais best?

This breed is best suited to active owners who enjoy long walks, hiking, or hunting and who can safely provide off leash exercise in secure areas. A rural or semi rural home with a well fenced yard is ideal to accommodate its need to follow scents and to bay at times. It thrives when treated as a partner in outdoor activities rather than a sedentary house pet.

Sources

• Société Centrale Canine
• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)