English Springer Spaniel

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

• Cheerful, energetic gundog originally bred to flush and retrieve game in the field
• Highly people oriented and affectionate, usually bonds closely with the whole family
• Needs plenty of daily exercise and mental stimulation to stay relaxed and well behaved
• Beautiful, medium length coat with feathering that requires regular grooming and care
• Versatile all rounder that excels in canine sports, gundog work, scent activities, and active family life

Appearance & Coat

The English Springer Spaniel is a medium sized, athletic dog that looks ready for work. They are slightly longer than they are tall, with a strong yet elegant body and a balanced outline. Adult males generally stand around 48 to 51 centimetres at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. Weight usually falls in the 18 to 25 kilogram range, depending on sex, bone structure, and overall condition. A well bred English Springer Spaniel should look fit, lean, and capable of spending a full day outdoors, not heavy or clumsy.

The head is refined without looking delicate. The skull is fairly broad, with a gentle stop and a well developed, square muzzle that gives room for good scenting ability. The eyes are medium sized, oval, and expressive, usually dark hazel to brown, and should give a kind, intelligent, and alert expression. Long, close lying ears are set at eye level and covered with soft feathering that frames the face. These ears contribute to the charming spaniel look but also require regular care.

The body is strong and slightly longer than tall, with a deep chest that reaches the elbows and a level topline. The ribs are well sprung without being barrel shaped, which helps the dog move freely over long distances. The tail, which may be docked in some countries where this is still legal and customary for working dogs, is usually carried level with the back and moves constantly when the dog is interested or excited. Many owners describe the English Springer Spaniel’s tail as a constant metronome of happiness.

The coat is one of the breed’s most attractive features. It is a double coat, with a dense, weather resistant undercoat and a straight or slightly wavy outer coat. The hair is shorter and flatter on the head and front of the legs, and moderately feathered on the ears, chest, belly, back of the legs, and tail. The texture should protect the dog from thorns, damp vegetation, and cold weather. The English Springer Spaniel is not a woolly or curly coated breed, and excessive feathering that drags on the ground is not practical for an active working dog.

Traditional colours are liver and white or black and white, often with ticking or roaning. Some Springers have tan markings, usually over the eyes, on the muzzle, throat, and legs, which gives the classic tricolour appearance. Markings vary widely from large patches of colour on a mostly white dog to heavily roaned coats that appear almost solid from a distance. There is no link between colour and temperament, so it is more important to choose a healthy, well bred puppy from sound lines than to focus too much on markings.

Coat care is manageable with the right routine. Expect regular grooming to keep an English Springer Spaniel looking and feeling its best:

• Brush thoroughly at least three times per week to prevent mats in the feathering on ears, legs, and tail.
• Check for burrs, seeds, and small twigs after walks, especially if you walk in fields, forests, or long grass.
• Trim the hair between the pads of the feet to reduce mud and snow build up and provide better grip.
• Keep the feathering on the ears neat and clean, and make sure the ear canal receives enough air circulation.

Many pet owners choose a practical trim a few times a year to shorten feathering slightly, especially around the ears, paws, belly, and under the tail. A professional groomer familiar with spaniels can help maintain a tidy, natural look that still respects the breed’s character. Bathing every month or two is often enough, unless your dog finds something particularly muddy or smelly. Regular grooming sessions also provide a great opportunity to check the skin for irritations, lumps, or parasites and to keep nails at a comfortable length.

Temperament & Personality

The English Springer Spaniel is often described as a cheerful, good natured, and willing companion. This is a breed that truly enjoys human company. Many Springers follow their people from room to room, ready to help with anything, even if that simply means lying at your feet while you work. They tend to form strong bonds and can be quite sensitive to tone of voice and mood, which makes them responsive but also means they do not thrive with harsh handling or long periods of isolation.

With families, the English Springer Spaniel is typically friendly and affectionate. Most enjoy being involved in all aspects of family life, whether that is walking the children to school, joining weekend hikes, or snoozing on the sofa in the evenings. Properly socialised Springers are usually good with children who know how to treat dogs respectfully. They are playful and often very tolerant, but they can be bouncy and enthusiastic, particularly when young. For this reason, supervision around very small children is important, mainly to prevent accidental knocks during excited play.

Around strangers, the breed is generally welcoming and curious rather than aloof or suspicious. They might bark to alert you to someone at the door, but a typical English Springer Spaniel is more likely to wag and invite interaction than to act as a guard dog. This friendly nature makes them poor choices for serious protection work, yet excellent companions for households that receive frequent visitors and want a sociable family pet.

With other dogs, Springers tend to be sociable and playful. Many enjoy the company of other dogs and benefit from regular, positive social interactions at training classes, walking groups, or off leash exercise areas where safe and allowed. As with any breed, early socialisation is key to building confidence. Some same sex tensions can occur, particularly in more dominant individuals, but on the whole, aggressive behaviour is not typical when dogs are well bred and properly raised.

Their hunting background means English Springer Spaniels often have a strong prey drive. Many love to chase birds, rabbits, and anything that moves quickly. In daily life this can lead to unwanted chasing of wildlife, joggers, or cyclists if training and recall are not firmly established. With careful management and training, many owners successfully keep Springers alongside cats and other small pets, but introductions must be planned slowly and calmly. Even then, it is always wise to supervise interactions with smaller animals and to understand that instincts may sometimes resurface.

Common challenges with this breed usually relate to their energy and intelligence. Bored or under exercised Springers can become noisy, destructive, or excessively demanding of attention. They may bark, dig, chew, or invent their own games, which rarely match the owner’s idea of fun. They can also be master counter surfers if they learn that kitchen surfaces sometimes produce tasty rewards. Another frequent issue is separation anxiety, as many Springers dislike being left alone for long hours. Building independence from an early age, along with providing enough exercise and mental activity, is essential.

On the positive side, their eagerness to please and strong desire to work with humans make English Springer Spaniels one of the most rewarding breeds for owners who enjoy training and activities. In the right environment they are charming, fun, deeply loyal, and full of joy, with a zest for life that can be very contagious.

Training & Exercise

An English Springer Spaniel is not a couch dog by nature. This is a working gundog breed that was developed to spend hours in the field, quartering the ground, flushing game, and retrieving. Even in a modern family home, that heritage remains very visible. A typical healthy adult Springer needs a good amount of daily exercise, both physical and mental, to stay balanced and content.

In general, you should plan for at least 1.5 to 2 hours of activity every day for an adult dog. This does not need to be all at once and can be divided into a mix of walks, off leash running where safe, structured games, and short training sessions. Younger dogs have plenty of energy but still developing joints, so long, high impact runs on hard surfaces should be avoided until they are physically mature. Shorter, more frequent outings combined with brain work suit puppies and adolescents better.

Springers usually excel in any activity that allows them to use their nose, body, and brain together. Many enjoy:

• Retrieving games with balls or dummies, especially if you add simple hunting style searches.
• Scent work or nosework, including finding hidden treats or toys around the house or garden.
• Agility, flyball, or hoopers, which channel their speed and enthusiasm into clear tasks.
• Long walks in nature with opportunities to explore under control.

A key point to remember is that unstructured exercise, such as letting a Springer run wild for two hours without guidance, can actually build stamina for hyperactive behaviour rather than encouraging calmness. Smart, focused exercise that includes training, impulse control, and recall practice is far more useful. For example, instead of simply throwing a ball repeatedly, you can ask for a sit stay, then release your dog to fetch, followed by a calm hand delivery.

Training methods for the English Springer Spaniel should be kind, consistent, and reward based. These dogs are sensitive and can become worried or shut down if subjected to harsh corrections. They respond extremely well to positive reinforcement, such as praise, food rewards, play, or access to favourite activities. Short, frequent training sessions keep their attention better than long, repetitive drills. Varying the exercises, using real life rewards, and making training fun are particularly effective with this breed.

Essential areas of training for a Springer include:

• Rock solid recall, especially if you plan to exercise off leash in areas with wildlife.
• Loose lead walking, as excitement can easily lead to pulling.
• Calm greeting manners, since many Springers naturally want to jump up and say hello.
• Impulse control around birds, small animals, or other environmental triggers.

Many owners find that channelling the hunting instinct into appropriate outlets, such as gundog training or scent games, greatly improves overall behaviour. Learning basic gundog skills, even at a hobby level, can transform a distracted young Springer into a focused partner. If you do not wish to participate in shooting sports, you can still use gundog style training to teach steadiness, directional work, and controlled retrieving.

Mental exercise is just as important as physical activity. Puzzle feeders, interactive toys, trick training, and simple problem solving tasks can tire a Springer’s mind more effectively than another hour of running. For instance, hiding a portion of the dog’s daily food allowance in cardboard boxes, rolled towels, or under flowerpots allows them to use their nose and brains while working for their meal.

When training and exercise needs are met, the English Springer Spaniel is usually calm and relaxed at home, happy to rest after shared adventures. When they are not, unwanted behaviours tend to surface. A commitment to ongoing training and regular, varied exercise is therefore essential for anyone considering this breed.

Health

The English Springer Spaniel is generally a robust and active dog, but like all breeds it is prone to certain health issues. Understanding these potential problems helps prospective owners ask responsible questions of breeders and take informed care of their dogs throughout life.

Common health concerns in the breed include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and various eye conditions. Hip and elbow dysplasia are developmental joint disorders that can lead to pain, lameness, and arthritis. Responsible breeders typically screen their breeding dogs with official hip and elbow evaluations and select only those with acceptable scores. As an owner, you can further support joint health by preventing obesity, avoiding excessive high impact exercise in young dogs, and maintaining a suitable level of fitness.

Eye health is another important area for the English Springer Spaniel. Conditions that may be seen include progressive retinal atrophy, cataracts, and glaucoma. Regular eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist and the use of DNA tests where available help breeders reduce the risk of passing on inherited eye disorders. For pet owners, it is wise to report any signs of vision problems, such as bumping into objects, reluctance to go out in dim light, or visible changes in the eyes, as early investigation can sometimes improve outcomes.

Ear issues are relatively common, partly due to the long, pendulous ears and the breed’s love of water and undergrowth. Moisture and reduced air circulation can create a friendly environment for bacteria and yeast. Regular ear checks and gentle cleaning, especially after swimming or bathing, can reduce the risk of infections. If you notice redness, unpleasant smell, frequent head shaking, or scratching, a veterinary examination is recommended rather than using home remedies.

Some English Springer Spaniels may also be predisposed to autoimmune conditions, allergies, and certain forms of epilepsy. Not every dog will experience these issues, but it is useful to discuss them openly with breeders who know their lines well. Ask if there is any history of seizures, unexplained skin problems, or chronic immune related illnesses in close relatives.

Recommended health tests for breeding animals often include:

• Hip and elbow scoring through recognised schemes.
• Eye examinations by a certified veterinary ophthalmologist.
• DNA tests for conditions that have validated genetic markers in the population.

A responsible breeder should be willing to share test results and explain what they mean. When looking for a puppy, be wary of breeders who cannot or will not provide health information or who dismiss health testing as unnecessary.

The typical lifespan of an English Springer Spaniel is around 11 to 14 years, although many live longer with good care. Maintaining a healthy weight, feeding a balanced diet, and providing appropriate exercise all contribute to lifespan and quality of life. Obesity is a preventable risk factor for many health problems, so monitoring body condition and adjusting food intake accordingly is one of the most important things owners can do.

Routine veterinary care, such as vaccinations where recommended, regular parasite prevention, dental checks, and annual health examinations, is essential. As dogs age, more frequent check ups can help detect problems early, including heart disease, dental disease, decreasing mobility, and organ issues. Early intervention usually allows for better management and comfort.

Finally, mental health should not be overlooked. Chronic stress, under stimulation, and unresolved behavioural issues can affect a dog’s overall wellbeing just as much as physical illness. For a sociable, energetic breed like the English Springer Spaniel, emotional and environmental needs are closely linked to health outcomes. A fulfilling lifestyle, positive training, and loving, consistent care all play a part in keeping these dogs healthy and happy for many years.

History & Origins

The English Springer Spaniel is one of the oldest types of gundog in Britain, with roots stretching back several centuries. Early spaniels were developed as general purpose hunting dogs, valued for their ability to locate and flush game for hunters using nets, falcons, or early firearms. The term spaniel originally described a style of dog that worked close to the gun, using its nose to find birds hidden in thick cover and then “springing” them into flight, which is where the breed’s name comes from.

In the past, what we now recognise as the English Springer Spaniel and the Cocker Spaniel were sometimes born in the same litters. Size and working role rather than pedigree determined the classification. Larger puppies that were better suited to flushing and springing birds were called Springers, while smaller dogs used mainly for woodcock hunting were called Cockers. Over time, systematic breeding programs and the rise of dog shows led to clearer distinctions between the breeds. By the early twentieth century, the English Springer Spaniel was firmly established as a separate and recognisable breed.

The breed developed in the shooting estates and rural landscapes of Britain, where stamina, reliability, and a close working relationship with the handler were prized traits. Early breeders focused heavily on practical ability. Dogs needed to work tirelessly in dense cover, ignore distractions, and respond promptly to whistle and hand signals. They also had to be steady to shot and to falling birds, retrieve gently, and remain under control even when excited. Many of these qualities remain deeply embedded in the modern English Springer Spaniel, even in lines bred primarily for companionship.

Over time, different breeding lines emerged, with some focusing largely on field performance and others on conformation for the show ring. Working lines often have a lighter build, shorter ears, and less abundant feathering, which reflects their functional purpose. Show bred Springers tend to have more coat, a slightly heavier frame, and a more stylised appearance, while still being fundamentally athletic. Both types share the same basic origins and character, but energy levels and working drive can vary, which is worth considering when choosing a puppy.

Internationally, the English Springer Spaniel spread across Europe and beyond, following hunters, settlers, and enthusiasts who appreciated its versatility. The breed adapted well to different terrains and game species, from birds in northern wetlands to upland game in more arid regions. Breed clubs and kennel organisations in many countries helped standardise appearance and temperament, while still valuing the Springer’s working abilities.

Today, the English Springer Spaniel retains a strong presence in the world of gundog work. Many are still used on shoots for flushing and retrieving game birds, and field trials remain an important testing ground for working ability. At the same time, the breed has become a popular companion and family dog in urban and rural settings alike. Its keen nose and trainable nature also make it a valuable partner in roles such as search and rescue, detection work, and various forms of scent based activity.

Modern owners might never visit a shooting field, yet the historical purpose of the English Springer Spaniel continues to influence its behaviour. The instinct to search, the eagerness to work with a handler, the enthusiasm for retrieving, and the deep love of outdoor activity all trace directly back to the breed’s origins as a skilled hunting companion. Understanding this history helps explain why the Springer is happiest when given meaningful work to do, whether that is formal gundog training or simply an active lifestyle filled with shared adventures.

Living with the Breed

Living with an English Springer Spaniel can be incredibly rewarding, but it is also a significant commitment. This is not a breed that is content with a quick walk around the block and long days alone. Prospective owners should realistically assess their lifestyle and energy levels before bringing a Springer home.

Daily life with a Springer is usually lively. Mornings may start with an eager greeting, a wagging tail, and an expectation of a proper walk or game. Many owners find that two substantial outings per day, along with shorter toilet breaks and some indoor training or play, create a good routine. In between activities, a well exercised Springer often settles nicely, enjoying a comfortable bed or a spot on the sofa next to you. Without that structure, however, the same dog can become restless, vocal, and inventive in finding its own entertainment.

This breed thrives in households where someone is home for large parts of the day or where dogs can accompany their people to work in suitable environments. Long hours of isolation are difficult for a Springer, especially in the first few years. If you work full time away from home, you may need to arrange for dog walkers, day care, or support from family and friends. Crate training can be helpful for teaching a young Springer to relax safely when unsupervised for short periods, but it must never be used as a way to store a dog for excessive hours.

Annual costs for an English Springer Spaniel vary by country and lifestyle, but it is sensible to budget for:

• Quality food suitable for a medium, active dog.
• Routine veterinary care, vaccinations where required, parasite control, and annual check ups.
• Insurance or a dedicated savings fund for unexpected veterinary expenses.
• Regular grooming costs if you use a professional groomer, especially for coat maintenance.
• Training classes, activity clubs, toys, leads, and replacement equipment.

In many regions, the total annual cost can be several thousand in local currency, especially if you include insurance and participation in sports or working events. Being prepared for these expenses reduces stress and ensures you can provide consistent, high quality care.

Essential equipment for living with an English Springer Spaniel includes a comfortable bed, secure collar and identification, a harness for safer walking, strong leads of different lengths, and safe toys designed for chewing, retrieving, and mental stimulation. Many owners like to have long lines for controlled off leash training, dummies or balls on ropes for retrieve games, and puzzle feeders to slow down mealtimes and add enrichment. Since Springers love water and mud, plenty of towels and perhaps a designated washing area are also practical investments.

The ideal home environment for a Springer offers space to move around, easy access to outdoor areas, and safe fencing. A large garden is helpful but not strictly necessary if you can provide enough quality exercise elsewhere. Because of their affectionate and people focused nature, Springers usually want to sleep indoors near their family. Some may choose a quiet corner, while others insist on sharing the bedroom.

New owners should be prepared for a phase of youthful exuberance. Springer puppies and adolescents can be whirlwind bundles of curiosity and energy. Consistent routines, early training, socialisation, and patience are crucial during this stage. Enrolling in positive, reward based puppy and basic obedience classes provides structure and helps build good manners. Many behavioural problems are prevented by giving young Springers clear boundaries, plenty of appropriate outlets, and calm, fair guidance.

One of the best parts of living with an English Springer Spaniel is their joyful nature. Many owners describe their dogs as always ready for fun, with a sense of humour and a keen interest in anything their humans are doing. Whether you are gardening, doing DIY, going for a run, or relaxing at a café, a well trained Springer is usually delighted to join in. Their versatility means they can adapt to many types of active homes, from busy families who enjoy outdoor adventures to individuals who love hiking, running, or dog sports.

In return for meeting their needs, the English Springer Spaniel offers unwavering loyalty, warm companionship, and a daily reminder to enjoy life with enthusiasm. For people who appreciate a bright, energetic, and affectionate dog, and who are willing to invest time and effort into training and exercise, sharing a home with a Springer can be a deeply satisfying experience.

Characteristics

Frequently Asked Questions

Are English Springer Spaniels good family dogs and how do they behave with children?

They are typically affectionate, people oriented dogs that bond closely with the whole family. Most are gentle and playful with children if raised and supervised appropriately, although their enthusiasm and energy can accidentally knock over small kids. Early training and teaching children to interact respectfully are important.

How much exercise does an English Springer Spaniel really need each day?

This is a high energy gundog that usually needs at least 1.5 to 2 hours of physical activity daily, including brisk walks and off leash play where it is safe. Mental work such as scent games, field style retrieving, or obedience training is just as important to prevent boredom and destructive behavior.

Do English Springer Spaniels have behavior issues like ‘Springer rage’?

There is a historical concern about sudden aggression sometimes called Springer rage, but it is considered rare and may overlap with other medical or behavioral problems. Responsible breeding, good socialization, and early behavior work greatly reduce the risk. Any sudden, unexplained aggression should be assessed by a veterinarian and a qualified behavior professional.

How much grooming does an English Springer Spaniel’s coat require?

The medium length, feathered coat needs brushing several times a week to prevent mats, especially on the ears, chest, belly, and legs. Many owners choose professional trimming every 6 to 8 weeks to keep the coat manageable. Because they enjoy mud and water, regular ear checks and bathing when dirty are important.

What health problems are most common in English Springer Spaniels?

They are predisposed to certain inherited conditions such as hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and eye problems including progressive retinal atrophy and cataracts. Ear infections are frequent due to long, floppy ears, and some lines are at risk of autoimmune and seizure disorders. Choosing health tested parents and scheduling regular veterinary checks can help manage these risks.

Are English Springer Spaniels good apartment dogs or do they need a yard?

They can live in an apartment if their exercise and mental needs are met very reliably every day. However, they generally do best in active homes with access to safe outdoor space because they were bred to cover ground in the field. Without enough activity, they can become noisy, restless, and prone to unwanted behaviors.

How are English Springer Spaniels with other dogs and pets?

Most are sociable with other dogs if properly socialized, as they were developed to work alongside other dogs and people. They have a natural hunting instinct, so interactions with small pets like rabbits or birds should be supervised and may not be reliable. Early introductions and clear training help them live more peacefully with other animals.

When do English Springer Spaniels calm down and stop acting like hyper puppies?

They often remain quite lively through the first 2 to 3 years and some retain a playful, puppyish attitude well into adulthood. Consistent training, structured exercise, and regular mental work usually lead to a more settled dog by middle age. Even then, most stay active and enjoy a working role or sport throughout their lives.

Is an English Springer Spaniel suitable for a first time dog owner?

They can be suitable for committed first time owners who are prepared for a high energy, intelligent working dog. Their eagerness to please makes training rewarding, but they need clear boundaries, daily activity, and time for grooming. Inactive or very busy households may struggle with this breed’s needs.

What is the difference between field bred and show bred English Springer Spaniels?

Field bred lines are usually lighter, with shorter coats and an even higher drive to hunt and work, often requiring very active homes. Show bred dogs tend to have more coat and heavier bone, with temperaments still energetic but often somewhat softer. Both types are athletic and need exercise, so understanding the line you choose helps match the dog to your lifestyle.

Sources

• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Svenska Kennelklubben (Swedish Kennel Club)
• Norwegian Kennel Club (Norsk Kennel Klub)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)
• Société Centrale Canine (French Kennel Club)